Role of myco-communities in the field of heavy metal remediation

ABSTRACT

Heavy metals have been reported as priority pollutants, due to their mobility in natural ecosystems and due to their toxicity. Bioremediation is cost effective, efficient and environmentally friendly alternative for removal of heavy metals. The ubiquitous presence of fungi has allowed acclimation to most types of wastes. During the last decade, fungi have been used in the treatment of a wide variety of wastes, and the role of fungi in the bioremediation of various hazardous and toxic compounds in soils and sediments has been established. The properties of fungi to absorb and accumulate heavy metals give potential for cheap alternative method of heavy metal removal from soil and waste water. Therefore, this review has been made to discuss about the heavy metal removal from contaminated sources by fungi of different groups like Zygomycotina, Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina and Deuteromycotina. In this review we found, species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Saccharomyces, Mucor, Rhizopus and Pleurotus represented the best remediation agents for different heavy metals.

Key words: Heavy metals; Biosorption; Bioaccumulation.

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