Factors providing adaptations of rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri) in the urban ecosystems of the city of Baku

Rose-Ringed Parakeet is native to Southeast Asia and Africa. It is a new species in Azerbaijan’s ornithofauna that are settled in the anthropogenic ecosystems of Baku. This article analyzes and interprets nesting, feeding behaviors and interspecific relationships that ensure the adaptation of this species to the urban ecosystems of Baku. Monitoring was conducted in the Baku Seaside National Park as a model area. Rose-Ringed Parakeet has been shown to exhibit high mobility and plasticity in both nesting and seasonal feeding strategies. That is, they select long-lived tall (20-40 m) trees with a trunk diameter of 0.6-1.3 m for successful nesting. They build their nests at a height of 4-6 m above the ground. The diameter of the entrance to the nests (8-10 cm) is suitable for the size of the bird's body. This protects the eggs and chicks from their natural enemies and increases the productivity of the nest (the number of chicks per pair). Another environmental factor that ensures the settlement of this species in Baku is the large number of feed facilities. Rose-Ringed Parakeet satisfies its need for food in all seasons by eating the fruits and seeds of 21 tree species. Both the above-mentioned and the lack of competition between species for nests, natural enemies, as well as human tolerance are the factors that created the conditions for the settlement of this species in the anthropogenic ecosystems of Baku.