ASSESSMENT OF BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL POTENTIAL OF THREE VARIETIES OF VIGNA RADIATA (L.) WILEZEK

ABSTRACT

Three different varieties of the pulse, Vigna radiata were analysed for their proximate and mineral composition, vitamins (niacin and ascorbic acid), protein fractions, amino acid profile of total seed proteins, fatty acid profile of seed lipids, in vitro protein digestibility and certain antinutritional factors. The major findings of the study were as follows: crude protein content ranged from 25.51 – 26.82%, crude lipid 3.78 – 4.34%, total dietary  fibre 2.92 – 3.17%, ash 4.05 –4.59%, carbohydrates 62.04 – 63.20% and calorific value1623.96 – 1640.57kJ100^-1g DM. The investigated seed samples contained minerals such as Na, K, Mg and P in abundance. The ratios of Na/K ranged from 0.05-0.8% and Ca/P  0.59-1.00%. Albumins and globulins seems to be the principle protein of the investigated Vigna radiata varieties. The essential amino acid profile of total seed proteins were found to be high when compared to the FAO/WHO (1991) recommended pattern. The fatty acid profiles of all the three varieties revealed that the seed lipids contained linoleic and linolenic acid in high concentration. The IVPD of the studied samples ranged from 58.21-66.24%. The antinutritional factors ranged from: total free phenolics 0.27-0.34%, tannins 0.50 – 0.59%, L-DOPA 0.49 – 0.80%, phytic acid 318.28 – 376.26 mg100^-1, hydrogen cyanide 0.09 – 0.11 mg100^-1, trypsin inhibitor activity 36.20 – 42.34 TIUmg^-1 protein. Raffinose was the principle oligosaccharide of all the three varieties of Vigna radiata. Low levels of phytohaemagglutinating activity for human erythrocytes of ‘O’ blood group than ‘A’ and ‘B’ blood groups were found in all the varieties.

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