Thermosphere Hough Mode Extensions (HMEs) for Solar Tides in Earth's Atmosphere

The scientific basis for the atmospheric solar tide HME files contained here is described in Forbes et al. (2022). The directory "HME2022-Hough-UV functions-Tides" contains solutions to Laplace's Tidal Equation for the eastward(westward) propagating diurnal tides with zonal wavenumbers s = -1, -2, -3(+1, +2); the eastward(westward) propagating semidiurnal tides with zonal wavenumbers s = -1, -2, -3(+1, +2, +3, +4, +6); the zonally-symmetric (s = 0) diurnal and semidiurnal tides; and the westward-propagating terdiurnal tide with s = +3. In a widely-used abbreviated notation, these are, respectively: DE1, DE2, DE3, DW1, DW2; SE1, SE2, SE3, SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW6; D0, S0; and TW3. These tides correspond to those measured in Earth's mesosphere and thermosphere. The directory "HME2022-output files-Tides" provides the amplitudes and phases (UT hour of maximum at 0 longitude) of eastward, southward, and vertical winds (m/s), temperatures (K), density perturbations relative to mean, and geopotential height (m) as a function of height (z, every ~4 km) and latitude (deg, every 3 deg), corresponding to several (2 to 7) HMEs for each of the aforementioned tides. Generally the number of HMEs corresponding to each tide is determined by the vertical wavelength Lz of each HME; HMEs with Lz < 30 km are excluded due to their inability to effectively penetrate into the thermosphere above 100 km altitude. The directory "HME_Legacy output files-Tides" includes a prior version of these HMEs that were used in several papers in the literature, but not publicly distributed. The data for each HME extend from pole to pole and from 0 to 400 km altitude. Each directory contains a README file containing further information on the data files.