SURGICAL TREATMENT OF UROLITHIASIS IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Urolithiasis in children presents a serious problem in diagnosis and treatment. A higher incidence of the disease is observed in children neglecting improper dietary habits (diet rich in sodium, rich in protein, insufficient fluid intake), obesity, hypertension, environmental pollution, uncontrolled intake of multivitamins and dietary supplements [8-10]. More often patients are observed to come to the emergency rooms with abdominal pain, lumbar pain and anxiety in the child. On examination, ultrasound and CT studies in the emergency departments contribute to the detection of urinary stones[11]. Urolithiasis applies to patients of all ages. There are reports in the literature of 4-day-old newborns diagnosed with kidney stones, but the average age of pediatric patients with kidney stones is about 7-8 years [11].  In a retrospective study, recurrence occurs in 24-50% of patients