Ecological peculiarities of Cypripedium guttatum Sw. in the Southern Evenkia («Tungusskiy» reserve)

Cypripedium guttatum Sw. is a species of the orchids, which had a wide range (East Europe. Asia, North 
America) but this species are rare overall. Human impact on nature affects number of existing popula -
tions, so studies on ecology of the species have meaning in sense of conservation of this orchid. We 
studied how this species fit to the conditions of Evenkia - cold region of the globe with long cold winter (about 
225 days) and short and hot summer.
Studies covered 39 model coenopopulations located in 12 sampling areas. We have fetched out the species 
occurs in larch-fir, larch, fir, pine and pine-larch forests with grass - dwarf shrubs -moss and dwarf shrub - moss 
- lichen types of land cover. Population density varies from 0,1 to 46,1 (mean 12.2) individuals per sq.m. 
Analysis of standard ecological scales of I, Tsatsenkin made by the E. Prokopiev method allowed us to 
fetch out the tolerancy ranges of Cypripedium guttatum are 15 steps (58 to 73) by humidity scale and 5 steps (6 
to 11) by active soil richness scale. Range of ecological factors intensity was studied by the method of phytoin-
dication of Ramensky-Tsatsenkin. All habitats of where Cypripedium guttatum was present lied in range of 
63,1 to 68 by humidity scale and 7,9 to 9,4, Maximal abundance of the species (about 5%) was reached in habi-
tats with hunitiy of 63-66 steps and active soil richness of 8-9 scales.
Our studies allowed to understand the area of the reserve is optima for the Cypripedium guttatum l by the 
factors of humidity and soil reachness. Populations here are stable and plants are capable to reproduction. It 
make the reserve a key element of the species stability in conditions of global climate changes and could serve 
as a point of future dispersion of Cypripedium guttatum seeds in case if surrounding populations will be lost 
because of natural or human-caused impacts.