СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН РОЗВИТКУ ТА ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СВІТОВОГО РИНКУ ЕНЕРГЕТИКИ ТА ТОРГІВЛІ ЕНЕРГОРЕСУРСАМИ

The emergence of new technologies and the strengthening of the sustainable plan in the world's leading economies led to significant transformations in the global energy market and energy trade in the 21st century. However, at the end of the second decade of the 21st century, global energy markets were threatened by a series of crisis events that shook the world.

Significant changes in the energy industry took place in 2021. The global economy is gradually emerging from the crisis caused by the pandemic spread, and the volume of energy consumption is overgrowing. The predictions made at the beginning of the pandemic that the world would pass the peak of oil consumption in 2019 have not come true. On the contrary, markets risk facing a global energy shortage due to years of underinvestment driven by price shocks and the desire to move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible.

The article examines the dynamics of demand for energy resources after the peak of quarantine restrictions related to the coronavirus pandemic has passed. The vector of sustainable development in the energy policy of key countries - emitters of greenhouse gases is analyzed. Threats to the world market associated with the transition of the leading share of energy demand from the USA and EU countries to the rapidly developing Asian markets are studied. The structure and sources of global energy needs have been studied. Forecasts regarding the worldwide energy market development and trade in energy resources for the coming decades are summarized. As a result of the research, it was emphasized that the world market in 2021 began to recover from the shock associated with quarantine measures and political instability. Current forecasts testify to the steady intention of the leading market participants to adhere to the Sustainable Development Goals and implement them, taking into account national interests in the field of energy security. It is emphasized that russia's military aggression and the corresponding sanctions in the energy sector by NATO countries can significantly affect market development forecasts, which is a promising direction for further research.