Effects of (inter)active vs passive Virtual Reality environment on the reduction of laboratory-induced chronic pain

Virtual Reality (VR) may be a potential non-invasive and cost-effective alternative solution for the management of chronic pain. Previous studies have shown VR as a tool for reducing pain. The study’s aim was to investigate the benefits of VR, both fundamentally and holistically, for pain and body-image. For this study, an experimental protocol was designed using the Advanced Thermal Stimulator (TSA) to induce and resemble chronic pain. The study took place at Maastricht University and included a total of 47 healthy participants ranging in age from 18 to 35 years old. VR equipment and hardware were designed and provided by CUREosity. This study was conducted using a mixed 2 x 2 designs with VR condition (Active vs. Passive) and Time (First and Third Measurement) as the factors. The active condition was an interactive cold-water environment and the passive condition is a non-interactive forest ecosystem. Both of these conditions undergo the same procedure and were measured using the Pain Numeric Scale (PNS) scale.

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