INDIAN BANKING SECTOR – RECENT CHANGES AND ITS IMPACT ON INDIAN ECONOMY

The Indian economy’s liberalisation in the early 1990-91 has resulted in the conception
of various private sector banks. This has sparked as boom in the country’s banking sector
in the past two decades (2010-2020). The growth of Indian banking system consist of 12
public sector banks, 22 private sector banks, 46 foreign banks, 56 regional rural banks,
1,485 urban cooperative banks and 96,000 rural cooperative banks in addition to
cooperative credit institutions in 2020. The total number of ATM’s in India increased to
2,09,282. The growth was driven primarily by two factors, first is the influx of Foreign
Direct Investment and seconds the conservative policies of the Reserve Bank of India,
which have shielded Indian banks from recession and global economic changes.