Essential requirements for ecological and economic machining of steel

Abstract
Dry processing within metal-cutting manufacture needs to be applied in order to reduce the adverse effects of cooling lubricants
on the environment. In a study by Schäpermeier, the author indicates that during machining above a fixed temperature value,
the contact area between the underside of the chip and the rake face (chip underside/rake face) experience boundary friction.
As this process generates lubricants that are not harmful to the environment, the basic requirement for dry processing during
chip formation with boundary friction is fulfilled ...