Monthly averaged lightning and LCC lightning data extracted from present-day (2009-2011) and projected (2090-2095) EMAC simulations (T42L90MA resolution)

About Dataset
Monthly averaged lightning and LCC lightning data extracted from present-day (2009-2011) and projected (2090-2095) EMAC simulations (T42L90MA resolution).

Authors: Francisco J. Perez-Invernon, Francisco J. Gordillo-Vazquez, Patrick Joeckel and Heidi Huntrieser

Description of the data
PaR_T: Lightning parameterization based on cloud top height.
PaR_L: Lightning parameterization based on cloud top height and modified over the oceans. 
Grewe: Lightning parameterization based on updraft velocity. 
AaP_P: Lightning parameterization based on convective precipitation. A
AaP_M: Lightning parameterization based on Updraft strength at 440~hPa. 
PRaAP: Lightning parameterization based on cloud top height and updraft velocity. 
FinIF: Lightning parameterization based on updraft mass flux of ice at 440 hPa.
extIF: Lightning parameterization based on updraft mass flux of ice at 440 hPa an isotherm.

File format: netcdf

 Example:

 netcdf 

2009_10h_______20090701_0000_mmlb_PRaAP.nc
netcdf \2009_10h_______20090701_0000_mmlb_PRaAP {
dimensions:
    time = UNLIMITED ; // (1 currently)
    lon = 128 ;
    lat = 64 ;
    tbnds = 2 ;
variables:
    double time(time) ;
        time:long_name = "time" ;
        time:bounds = "time_bnds" ;
        time:units = "day since 2009-01-01 00:00:00" ;
        time:calendar = "gregorian" ;
    double YYYYMMDD(time) ;
        YYYYMMDD:long_name = "time" ;
        YYYYMMDD:units = "days as %Y%m%d.%f" ;
        YYYYMMDD:calendar = "gregorian" ;
    double dt(time) ;
        dt:long_name = "delta_time" ;
        dt:units = "s" ;
    double nstep(time) ;
        nstep:long_name = "current time step" ;
    float lon(lon) ;
        lon:long_name = "longitude" ;
        lon:units = "degrees_east" ;
    float lat(lat) ;
        lat:long_name = "latitude" ;
        lat:units = "degrees_north" ;
    float aps(time, lat, lon) ;
        aps:long_name = "surface pressure" ;
        aps:units = "Pa" ;
        aps:representation = "GP_2D_HORIZONTAL" ;
        aps:grid_type = "gaussian" ;
        aps:table = 128 ;
        aps:code = 134 ;
        aps:REFERENCE_TO = "g3b: aps" ;
        aps:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        aps:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float aps_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        aps_ave:long_name = "surface pressure" ;
        aps_ave:units = "Pa" ;
        aps_ave:representation = "GP_2D_HORIZONTAL" ;
        aps_ave:grid_type = "gaussian" ;
        aps_ave:table = 128 ;
        aps_ave:code = 134 ;
        aps_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "g3b: aps" ;
        aps_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        aps_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpscg(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpscg:long_name = "CG flash frequency" ;
        fpscg:units = "1/s" ;
        fpscg:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpscg" ;
        fpscg:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpscg:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpscg_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpscg_ave:long_name = "CG flash frequency" ;
        fpscg_ave:units = "1/s" ;
        fpscg_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpscg" ;
        fpscg_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpscg_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpsic(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsic:long_name = "IC flash frequency" ;
        fpsic:units = "1/s" ;
        fpsic:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsic" ;
        fpsic:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsic:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpsic_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsic_ave:long_name = "IC flash frequency" ;
        fpsic_ave:units = "1/s" ;
        fpsic_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsic" ;
        fpsic_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsic_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpsm2cg(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2cg:long_name = "CG flash density" ;
        fpsm2cg:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2cg:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2cg" ;
        fpsm2cg:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2cg:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpsm2cg_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2cg_ave:long_name = "CG flash density" ;
        fpsm2cg_ave:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2cg_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2cg" ;
        fpsm2cg_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2cg_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpsm2ic(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2ic:long_name = "IC flash density" ;
        fpsm2ic:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2ic:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2ic" ;
        fpsm2ic:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2ic:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpsm2ic_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2ic_ave:long_name = "IC flash density" ;
        fpsm2ic_ave:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2ic_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2ic" ;
        fpsm2ic_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2ic_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpslcc10(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpslcc10:long_name = "LCC(>10 ms) flash frequency" ;
        fpslcc10:units = "1/s" ;
        fpslcc10:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpslcc10" ;
        fpslcc10:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpslcc10:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpslcc10_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpslcc10_ave:long_name = "LCC(>10 ms) flash frequency" ;
        fpslcc10_ave:units = "1/s" ;
        fpslcc10_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpslcc10" ;
        fpslcc10_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpslcc10_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpslcc20(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpslcc20:long_name = "LCC(>20 ms) flash frequency" ;
        fpslcc20:units = "1/s" ;
        fpslcc20:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpslcc20" ;
        fpslcc20:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpslcc20:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpslcc20_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpslcc20_ave:long_name = "LCC(>20 ms) flash frequency" ;
        fpslcc20_ave:units = "1/s" ;
        fpslcc20_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpslcc20" ;
        fpslcc20_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpslcc20_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpsm2lcc10(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2lcc10:long_name = "LCC(>10 ms) flash density" ;
        fpsm2lcc10:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2lcc10:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2lcc10" ;
        fpsm2lcc10:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2lcc10:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpsm2lcc10_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2lcc10_ave:long_name = "LCC(>10 ms) flash density" ;
        fpsm2lcc10_ave:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2lcc10_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2lcc10" ;
        fpsm2lcc10_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2lcc10_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpsm2lcc20(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2lcc20:long_name = "LCC(>20 ms) flash density" ;
        fpsm2lcc20:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2lcc20:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2lcc20" ;
        fpsm2lcc20:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2lcc20:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpsm2lcc20_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2lcc20_ave:long_name = "LCC(>20 ms) flash density" ;
        fpsm2lcc20_ave:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2lcc20_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2lcc20" ;
        fpsm2lcc20_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2lcc20_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpssprite(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpssprite:long_name = "Sprites flash frequency" ;
        fpssprite:units = "1/s" ;
        fpssprite:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpssprite" ;
        fpssprite:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpssprite:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpssprite_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpssprite_ave:long_name = "Sprites flash frequency" ;
        fpssprite_ave:units = "1/s" ;
        fpssprite_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpssprite" ;
        fpssprite_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpssprite_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float fpsm2sprite(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2sprite:long_name = "Sprites flash density" ;
        fpsm2sprite:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2sprite:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2sprite" ;
        fpsm2sprite:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2sprite:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float fpsm2sprite_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        fpsm2sprite_ave:long_name = "Sprites flash density" ;
        fpsm2sprite_ave:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        fpsm2sprite_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "lnox_PRaAP_gp: fpsm2sprite" ;
        fpsm2sprite_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        fpsm2sprite_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float bps(time, lat, lon) ;
        bps:long_name = "BJ flash frequency" ;
        bps:units = "1/s" ;
        bps:REFERENCE_TO = "bluejetbPRaAP_gp: bps" ;
        bps:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        bps:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float bps_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        bps_ave:long_name = "BJ flash frequency" ;
        bps_ave:units = "1/s" ;
        bps_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "bluejetbPRaAP_gp: bps" ;
        bps_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        bps_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    float bpsm2(time, lat, lon) ;
        bpsm2:long_name = "BJ flash density" ;
        bpsm2:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        bpsm2:REFERENCE_TO = "bluejetbPRaAP_gp: bpsm2" ;
        bpsm2:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        bpsm2:cell_methods = "time: point" ;
    float bpsm2_ave(time, lat, lon) ;
        bpsm2_ave:long_name = "BJ flash density" ;
        bpsm2_ave:units = "1/s/m2" ;
        bpsm2_ave:REFERENCE_TO = "bluejetbPRaAP_gp: bpsm2" ;
        bpsm2_ave:coordinates = "lon lat" ;
        bpsm2_ave:cell_methods = "time: mean" ;
    double time_bnds(time, tbnds) ;
        time_bnds:long_name = "time bounds" ;
        time_bnds:units = "days since 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z" ;
        time_bnds:cell_methods = "time: point" ;

// global attributes:
        :MESSy = "MESSy version d2.55.1-62-g7ea171fc6-dirty_7ea171fc682744f70976123b863cca166dd2023b_2021-05-19T16:21:08+00:00_2021-06-04T13:28:34+0200, http://www.messy-interface.org" ;
        :MESSy_switch = "version 1.0" ;
        :MESSy_channel = "version 2.4.3" ;
        :MESSy_tracer = "version 2.6" ;
        :MESSy_timer = "version 0.1" ;
        :MESSy_qtimer = "version 3.0" ;
        :MESSy_import = "version 1.0" ;
        :MESSy_grid = "version v1.5" ;
        :MESSy_rnd = "version 1.1" ;
        :MESSy_aeropt = "version 2.0.2" ;
        :MESSy_cloud = "version 2.2" ;
        :MESSy_cloudopt = "version 2.1b" ;
        :MESSy_convect = "version 2.0" ;
        :MESSy_gwave = "version 1.0" ;
        :MESSy_lnox = "version 3.0" ;
        :MESSy_orbit = "version 0.9" ;
        :MESSy_orogw = "version 1.1" ;
        :MESSy_rad = "version 2.2" ;
        :MESSy_e5vdiff = "version 1.2" ;
        :MESSy_surface = "version 1.2" ;
        :MESSy_tropop = "version 2.1" ;
        :MESSy_viso = "version 2.3" ;
        :MESSy_experiment = "2009_10h" ;
        :EXEC_CHECKSUM = "45e5ddd17ae5992f931a9ba4bab4a921  bin/echam5.exe (md5sum)" ;
        :GCM = "ECHAM5 version 5.3.02, Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg" ;
        :GCM_spherical_trunc_n = 42 ;
        :GCM_spherical_trunc_m = 42 ;
        :GCM_spherical_trunc_k = 42 ;
        :GCM_vertical_mode = "middle atmosphere (MA)" ;
        :GCM_horizontal_mode = "global" ;
        :GCM_advection = "Lin&Rood" ;
        :GCM_start_date_time = "20090101 000000" ;
        :GCM_timestep = 900.f ;
        :F95_COMPILER_VERSION = "ifort (IFORT) 17.0.2 20170213" ;
        :F95_COMPILER_CALL = "/opt/mpi/bullxmpi_mlx/1.2.9.2/bin/mpif90" ;
        :F95_COMPILER_FLAGS = "-sox -fpp -g -O2 -xCORE-AVX2 -fp-model strict -align all -save-temps -DBULL -I/sw/rhel6-x64/sys/bullxlib-1.0.0/include -L/sw/rhel6-x64/sys/bullxlib-1.0.0/lib -Wl,-rpath,/sw/rhel6-x64/sys/bullxlib-1.0.0/lib -lbullxMATH -no-wrap-margin" ;
        :F95_PREPROC_DEFINITIONS = "-DMESSY -DLITTLE_ENDIAN -D_LINUX64 -DHAVE_PNETCDF -DPNCREGRID -DMPIOM_13B -D_VCSREV_=\'d2.55.1-62-g7ea171fc6-dirty_7ea171fc682744f70976123b863cca166dd2023b_2021-05-19T16:21:08+00:00_2021-06-04T13:28:34+0200\'" ;
        :F95_COMPILER_INCLUDES = "-I/sw/rhel6-x64/netcdf/netcdf_fortran-4.4.2-intel14/include -I/sw/rhel6-x64/netcdf/netcdf_fortran-4.4.2-intel14/include  -I/sw/rhel6-x64/netcdf/parallel_netcdf-1.6.0-bullxmpi-intel14/include" ;
        :operating_date_time = "20210615 081833" ;
        :operating_system = "Linux 2.6.32-754.33.1.el6.x86_64 on x86_64" ;
        :operating_host = "mlogin102" ;
        :operating_user = "Francisco-Javier Perez-Invernon (b309171)" ;
        :channel_io_pe = 172 ;
        :channel_time_slo = 5182200.f ;
        :channel_name = "mmlb_PRaAP" ;
        :channel_file_type = "output" ;
        :channel_file_name = "2009_10h_______20090701_0000_mmlb_PRaAP.nc" ;
        :channel_netcdf_lib = "4.3.2 of May  5 2015 13:21:25 $" ;