INTERBREEDING AND FRUITING IN FOREIGN GRAPE VARIETIES

Abstract:  Intraspecific  recurrent  selection  in  V.  vinifera  is  an  effective 
method for breeding of high qauality, disease-, cold-, and drought-resistance grapes. 
Exploring the optimal treatment methods for grape (V. vinifera) seeds can help to 
accelerate  the  process  of  intraspecific  recurrent  selection  and  improve  breeding 
efficiency. In this study, seeds of six V. vinifera varieties were used as experimental 
materials, and the germination and seedling formation characteristics were studied 
by single factor treatment and orthogonal compound treatment, respectively. To do 
this,  stratification,  chemical  substances,  beak  cutting,  and  pre-germination 
treatments were tested, and the optimal treatment combination was determined for 
each  variety.  The  results  indicated  that  the  optimal  conditions  obtained  in  the 
orthogonal  experiments  were  not  completely  consistent  with  those  in  the  single-
factor  experiments.  Single  factor  experiment  results  demonstrated  that  two 
stratification  methods  (chilling  gauze-storage  and  chilling  sand-storage)  and  two 
pre-germination methods (pre-germination in petri dishes and pre-germination in a 
bean sprouter) vary in effectiveness for different varieties. gibberellin acid (GA3 ) 
soaking and beak-cutting promote the germination and seedling rate of the tested 
varieties. Orthogonal test results demonstrate that, for Dunkelfelder and Cabernet 
Sauvignon,  the  optimal  treatment  combination  was  chilling  sand-storage  +  GA3 
soaking seed + beak cutting + pre-germination in petri dishes. For Meili, the optimal 
treatment combination was chilling sand-storage + acetic acid (HAc) soaking seed 
+ beak cutting + pre-germination in petri dishes. For Ecolly, the optimal treatment 
combination was chilling sand-storage + GA3 soaking seed + beak cutting + pre-
germination in a bean sprouter. For Garanior, the optimal treatment combination was 
chilling sand-storage + HAc soaking seed + no beak cutting + pre-germination in 
petri dishes. For Marselan, the optimal treatment combination was chilling gauze-
storage + GA3 soaking seed + beak cutting + pre-germination in a bean sprouter. 
This  study  identified  the  optimal  conditions  for  seed  germination  and  seedling 
formation of six grape varieties, which will facilitate future work to characterize the 
seed  germination  and  seedling  formation  of  seeds  obtained  by  intraspecific 
hybridization of these varieties. This work also provides a reference for addressing 
problems of low seed germination rate and suboptimal seedling formation for better 
utilization of grape germplasms.