Self-efficacy and Self-care Behaviors among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease in Jordan

This study purposed to assess the self-efficacy and self-care behaviors among patients with coronary artery disease in Jordan. A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used the recruit 500 patients attending the cardiac outpatients’ clinics in hospitals in different health sectors. Findings showed that the median of cardiac self- efficacy scales (patient-physician interaction scale (PEPPI-5), selfefficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale (SEMCD-6), and Sullivan’s cardiac self- efficacy scale (SCSES)) were 20.00, 39.00, and 39.00, respectively. The participants’ mean of the self-care behaviors was M=2.95 (SD=0.47). The PEPPI-5 demonstrated a positive correlation with social support (r (498) = 0.240, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with educational level (p.b.r (498) = -0.130, p < 0.001). SEMCD-6 had a negative correlation with depression (r (498) = -0.169, p < 0.001), anxiety (r (498) = - 0.136, p < 0.05), and stress (r (498) = - 0.129, p < 0.001), and positive relationship with social support (r (498) = 0. 224, p < 0.001). SCSES had a negative correlation with depression (r (498) = -0.096, p <0.05), anxiety, stress (r (498) = -0.091, p < 0.05), and marital status (p.b.r (498) = -0.097, p < 0.05). Also, SCSES had a positive correlation with social support (r (498) = 0.267, p < 0.001) and educational level (p.b.r (498) = 0.091, p < 0.05. Self-care behaviors had a significant a positive relationship with age (r (498) =0.178, p < 0.001), duration of disease (r (498) = 0.108, p < 0.05), and marital status (p.b.r (498) = 0.094, p < 0.05), while a negative relationship with anxiety (r (498) = -0.111, p < 0.05). There was a significant effect of PEPPI5, SEMCD-6, and SCSES on self-care behaviors (B = 0.168, p < 0.001), (B = 0.037, p < 0.001), (B = 0.100, p < 0.001). Thus, more attention should be paid to correlating factors and working on eliminating the effects of these factors to help improve self-efficacy, which has the greatest influence on enhancing self-care behaviors.