Kidney Injury Risk During Prolonged Exposure to Current and Projected Wet Bulb Temperatures occurring during Extreme Heat Events in Healthy Young Men

Supplemental Table 1. Data are presented as absolute and normalized kidney injury markers (i.e., to urine osmolality and creatinine) which were measured from urine, serum, and plasma samples collected at preexposure (Pre), four hours (4 h) and eight hours (8 h) into each exposure. Values are presented as mean (SD). Sphericity could not be assumed for kidney injury markers and Geisser-Greenhouse correction applied as required in Prism 9.0. Therefore, all statistical inference was made following log transformation and data were analyzed using a repeated measures, mixed-effects model (time X trial) and exact p-values reported. If a significant interaction or main effect was found, post hoc analyses were completed using Šídák’s multiple comparisons tests. IGFBP7, insulin-like growth factor binding-protein 7; IL-17a, interleukin 17a, IL-18, interleukin 18; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule 1; L-FABP, liver-type fatty acid binding-protein; NGAL, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; TBARs, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TIMP-2, tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 2; TRX-1, thioredoxin 1 . * vs. Pre (p < 0.05); ‡ four hours vs. eight hours (p < 0.05); †34°C vs. 31°C (p < 0.05).