Investigating The Current Patterns of Agricultural Waste Management and Its Environmental and Economic Effect

Agricultural waste refers to materials that are mostly edible or can be eaten and before harvest, during harvest or after harvest from farms, gardens, livestock, fish ponds or fishing in open and local waters, as a result of agricultural activities. , Livestock and aquaculture occur. Every year, along with the production of agricultural products, a large amount of waste is produced (20 to 30% of agricultural products in Iran), a significant part of which is buried or abandoned in an unprincipled manner, without considering environmental principles; For example, for every 3 kg of pistachios, 2 kg is converted into waste. Agricultural waste is very diverse, part of the agricultural waste is related to crop residues in farms, livestock, aquaculture ponds, etc., but part is also related to the food industry and the conversion of agricultural products. Agricultural waste management system is a planned system in which all the necessary components for control and use of agricultural by-products are installed and managed to maintain or increase the quality of air, soil, water, plants and animal resources. Many agricultural wastes, if properly managed, can be economically valuable resources, for example, whey can provide part of the livestock's diet due to its high nutritional value. Also, non-edible parts of human livestock, including non-edible viscera, digestive components, blood, feathers, bones, etc., after processing, cooking and sterilization, can be used as livestock and poultry feed.