'Precision' or 'personalized' psychiatry: different terms – same content?

‘Precision’ or ‘personalized’ psychiatry: different terms – same
content?

Due to the increased lifetime prevalence and personal,
social, and economic burden of mental disorders, psychiatry
is in need of a significant change in several aspects of
its clinical and research approaches. Over the last few
decades, the development of personalized / precision medicine in psychiatry focusing on tailored therapies that
fit each patient’s unique individual, physiological, and
genetic profile has not achieved the same results as those
obtained in other branches, such as oncology. The longawaited
revolution has not yet surfaced. There are various
explanations for this including imprecise diagnostic criteria,
incomplete understanding of the molecular pathology
involved, absence of available clinical tools and, finally, the
characteristics of the patient. Since then, the co-existence
of the two terms has sparked a great deal of discussion
around the definition and differentiation between the two
types of psychiatry, as they often seem similar or even
superimposable. Generally, the two terminologies are used
indiscriminately, alternatively, and / or separately, within
the same scientific works. In this paper, an overview is
provided on the overlap between the application and
meaning of the terms ‘precision psychiatry’ and ‘personalized
psychiatry’.