Івчук В.В. Чутливість мікробної флори респіраторного тракту до антибактеріальних препаратів у хворих на хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень професійної етіології / В.В. Івчук, Т.А. Ковальчук, О.В. Левіна // Вісник проблем біології і медицини. – 2017. – Вип. 4, Т. 3 (141). – С. 136-144.

Abstract. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) refers to the cohort of the most common human
diseases. A characteristic feature of the course of COPD is the development of exacerbations. One of the main
causes of exacerbation of COPD can be microbial infection. The question of the use of antibacterial drugs in
exacerbation of COPD remains relevant today.
Aim of the work was to investigate the antibiotic resistance of strains of microorganisms isolated from sputum
in patients with COPD of professional etiology of mining workers.
Object and methods of research. The results of microbiological studies of sputum in 300 patients were analyzed
together with the indication of the main clinical symptoms were identified. The material for microbiological study
was spontaneously extruded sputum, obtained from patients before treatment.
Research results and their discussion. The results of our bacteriological studies showed that the dominant
microorganisms in the sputum patients with exacerbation of COPD of professional etiology were: S. aureus
(26.7%), C. albicans (22.3%), K. pneumoniae (10.9%), E. coli (9.3%), S. viridans (5.7%) and S. epidermidis
(5.5%).
The highest sensitivity of gram-positive microorganisms culture was to cephalosporin III generation –
cefoperazone, from 8.6% (13/151) to 12.5% (9/72).
According to our data, gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients with COPD of professional etiology
showed sensitivity to cephalosporins 1.4% (6/420) – 12.6% (11/87), aminoglycosides 1.7% (7/420) – 11.5%
(10/87), chloramphenicol 9.0% (38/420) – 12.0% (17/142), quinolones 1.1% (1/87) – 11.5% (10/87). Gramnegative
bacteria had the highest sensitivity to cefoperazone, from 5.6% (8/142) to 12.6% (11/87). Also, high
sensitivity, 5.5% (23/420) – 10.6% (15/142), was characteristic of ceftriaxone.
Our studies showed that C. albicans were the most susceptible to clotrimazole – 34.1% (94/276). In terms of
its antifungal activity, nystatin is in the second place – 25.7% (71/276), after clotrimazole.
Conclusions. The leading positions in the species composition of the respiratory microflora of patients with
COPD of occupational etiology include: S. aureus, C. albicans, K. pneumoniae, E. coli. The most sensitive isolated
bacteria were to the antibiotics of the cephalosporins group. The antimycotic clotrimazole exhibited the highest
activity in relation to fungi of C. albicans species.