Phyllonorycter Hübner 1822

Phyllonorycter sp. 4

Material examined. Russia: SO, Sakhalin Island, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Gagarin Park, 46.96N, 142.75E, 69 m alt., Alnus hirsuta, 11.VII.2017, 1 larva, NK618, MK 403695, deposited in INRA.

Leaf mine. The mine is similar to Ph. strigulatella and was found on the same trees. Pupation in the mine.

Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Alnus hirsuta (Betulaceae).

Distribution. Russia: RFE—PK.

Remarks. BIN of unknown species—BOLD: ADM1303. In East Asia, eight Phyllonorycter species develop on Alnus, among which five species, besides other hosts, feed on Alnus hirsuta: Ph. hancola (Kumata), Ph. kisoensis Kumata et Park, Ph. longispinata (Kumata), Ph. maculata (Kumata), Ph. strigulatella (Zeller) (De Prins & De Prins 2018). The three other species develop on other alder in East Asia: Ph. ermani (Kumata) (host plant: Alnus maximowiczii, however the main host is Betula), Ph. fruticosella (Kuznetzov) (A. viridis), Ph. takagii (Kumata) (A. japonica). From this list of Alnus -feeding species, only Ph. strigulatella has been barcoded and it shows 3.9% genetic distance from Phyllonorycter sp. 4 (Table 2). Our specimen could be one of these four species— Ph. hancola, Ph. kisoensis, Ph. longispinata, or Ph. maculata.