Associated factors of Burnout Syndrome in Peruvian health professionals before Covid 19 pandemic: A systematic review

Introduction: The Burnout Syndrome (BS) constitutes a prevalent occupational health problem in the group of health professionals.

Objective: To describe the prevalence and factors associated with BS in Peruvian health professionals.

Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature were accomplished. Key terms were used: "burnout", "professional exhaustion", with words related to Peru. The databases consulted were LILACS/ Virtual health library, Medline/PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus, SciELO, and RENATI-SUNEDU, published from 2000 to 2020. The methodological quality assessment was accomplished using the Newcastle Ottawa instrument.

Results: 33 studies were identified (11 scientific articles and 22 graduate theses), the median of the participants included in each study was 76 (IQR: 47-106). The median total score was 55.8 points (IQR: 44-61). The meta-analysis identified the global prevalence of moderate BS by subgroups of regions of Peru, it was 53% (95% CI: 36% to 70%); by profession 54% (95% CI: 28% to 79%); by general areas 61% (95% CI: 39% to 70%) and emergency 40% (95% CI: 18% to 64%). Most of the factors associated with BS are related to work (work environment, dysfunctional group behavior, time of service, satisfaction, and workload); and sociodemographic (age, sex, and profession).

Conclusions: The BS and its three dimensions are more frequently associated with work, sociodemographic and individual factors. SB and the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization are associated with factors outside of work. It is the first systematic review of the subject in Peru, being useful to generate proposals for public policies in occupational health and health intervention programs.