FIG. 9. — Cyathea ligulata Baker: A, pinnae adaxially with a fragment of the rachis, note that the auricles of the pinnules overlap the rachis; B, two strongly indurated pyramidal scales from the base of the petiole (left) and one narrowly triangular scale from the abaxial face of the costa (right); C, habit; D, basal part of a pinnule abaxially (at the junction of the costula with the costa) showing indusia as well as the densely scaly costa and costula; E, basal part of the leaf (from the petiole base up to the second pinna pair), dorsal view, basalmost pinnae are strongly reflexed; F, pinnules abaxially with a fragment of the costa, form with long pinnules with a crenate margin and an obtuse apex; G, pinnules abaxially with a fragment of the costa, form with short pinnules with a subentire margin and a rounded apex; H, leaf scars and spiny trunk surface. A, D, G, Rakotondrainibe et al. 5110 (P); B, E, Rakotondrainibe et al. 2057 (P); C, H, Janssen et al. 2494 (P); F, Rakotondrainibe et al. 2057 (P). Scale bars: A, E, 5 cm; B, F, G, 0.5 cm; C, 1 m; D, 0.1 cm; H, 1 cm.