Journal article Open Access

Allellopathic effects of Mesembryanthemum forsskalii Hochst. ex Boiss. on seed germination and seedling growth of Malva parviflora L. and Plantago ovata Forssk.

Salama Hediat M. H. ; Al Whibi Mona S.

The present study focused on the allelopathic  effects of the aqueous and methanol extracts of Mesembryanthemum forsskalii Hochst. ex Boiss. on germination and seedling growth of Malva parviflora and Plantago ovata. M. forsskaliii was collected from Al-Jouf area, Saudia Arabia. The dried shoot system of M. fosskalii was used to prepare water and methanol extracts with different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100%) and distilled water as the control. The results showed that the aqueous and methanol extracts of M. forsskalii contained phenolic compounds and flavonoids that might be embroiled as allelochemical agents. Petri-dish trial showed that the two extracts at all concentrations reduced total germination percentage. Pot experiment indicated variations in seedlings germination and growth between M. parviflora and P. ovata in response to aqueous and methanol extracts of M. forsskalii. On growth stage the shoot and root lengths were decreased probably due to the allelopathic effects of M. forsskalii. The fresh and dry weights of shoot were inhibited with increase in concentration of aqueous and methanol extracts. In M. parviflora and P. ovata the leaf area was decreased under all concentrations. The chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids (pigments) were decreased in M. parviflora and P. ovata for all concentrations of extracts, but methanol extract increased chl. a only in M. parviflora compared to control. Flavonoids, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, glycosides and phenolic are the allelochemical compounds released from the M. forsskalii into aqueous and methanol extracts which inhibited germination and growth of the studied plants.

Files (136.0 kB)
Name Size
EJBR2016v6i2art119-126.pdf
md5:2e447e8faf5343e88abf144b0beec3c9 		136.0 kB Download
  • 1. Asgharipour MR, Armin M. Inhibitory effects of Sorghum halepens root and leaf extraction on germination and early seedling growth of widely used medicinal plants. Adv Environ Biol. 2010; 4(2): 316-324.
  • 10. Chaves N, Escudero C. Effect of allelopathic compounds produced by Cistus ladenifer on germination of 20 Mediterranean taxa. Plant Ecol. 2006; 184: 259-272.
  • 11. Khanh D, Xuan TD, Chung IM. Rice allelopathy and the possibility for weed management. Ann Appl Biol. 2007; 151: 325- 339.
  • 12. Chaudhary SA. Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agriculture and Water. Riyadh, 1999.
  • 13. Al-Jassir MS, Mustafa AL, Nawawt MA. Studies on Samh seeds (Mesembryanthemum forsskalii Hochst) growing in Saudi Arabia. 2: Chemical composition and microflora of Samh seeds. Plant Foods Human Nutr. 1995; 48: 185-192.
  • 14. Al-Qahiz NM. The impact of Samh seeds on blood parameters of experimental animals. Pak J Nutr. 2009; 8: 872-876.
  • 15. Al-Faris NA, Al-Sawadi AD, Alokail MS. Effect of Samh seeds supplementation (Mesembryanthemum forsskalii) on liver enzymes and lipid profiles of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic in Wistar rats. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2010; 7: 23-28.
  • 16. Al-Drewish FS. The effects of different treatments on chemical and biological properties of Samh (Mesembryanthemum forsskalii) seeds grawing in Northern of Saudi Arabia. M. Sc. Thesis, King Saud University. KSA, 2005.
  • 17. Hanen F, Riadh K, Samia O, Sylvain G, Christian M. Chedly A. Interspecific variability of antioxidant activities and phenolic composition in Mesembryanthemum genus. J Food Chem Toxicol. 2009; 47: 2308-2313.
  • 18. Ladd JL, Jacobson M. Buriff CR. Japanes beetles extracts from neem tree seeds as feeding deterents. J Econ Entomol. 1978; 71: 810-813.
  • 19. Harborne JB. Phytochemical methods. Chapman and Hall. New York. 2nd edn, 1984.
  • 2. Naseem M, Aslam M, Ansar M, Azhar M. Allelopathic effects on sunflower water extract on weed control and wheat productivity. Pak J Weed Sci Res. 2009; 15(1): 107-116.
  • 20. Russo VM, Webber CL, Myers DL. Kenaf extract effects germination and post-germination development of weed; grass and vegetable seeds. Indust Crops Prod. 1997; 6: 59-69.
  • 21. Stirban M. Procese primare in fotosinteza (in Romanian), Ed. Didact. Sipedag, Bucharest, Romania, 1985.
  • 22. Mohamadi N, Rajaie P. Effect of aqueous Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis Labill) extracts on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological responses of Phaseolus vulagris and Sorghum bicolor. Res J Biol Sci. 2009; 4(12): 1291-1296.
  • 23. Phiri C. Influence of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts on germination and early seedling development of major cereals. Agricult Biol J North Am. 2010; 1(5): 774-777.
  • 24. Seyed M, Moussavi N, Mohammed HK, Ali BG. Artemisia annua on germination and early growth of Isabgol (Plantago ovata). Ann Biol Res. 2011; 2(6): 687-691.
  • 25. Abhinav AM, Kanade MB. Allelopathic effect of two common weeds on seed germination, root-shoot length, biomass and protein content of jowar. Ann Biol.Res. 2014; 5(3): 89-92.
  • 26. Mahmood D, Sedighe S, Resa A. Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus globules Labill. on seed germination and seedling growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Int J Farm Allied Sci. 2014; 3(1): 81-86.
  • 27. Salama HM, Al Rabiah HK. Physiological effects of allelopathic activity of Citrullus colocynthis on Vicia faba and Hordeum vulgare. Eur J Biol Res. 2015; 5(2): 25-35
  • 28. Djanaguiraman M, Vaidyanathan R, Anniesheeba J, Durgadevi D, Angatusamy U. Physiological responses of Eucalyptus globulus leaf leachate on seedling physiology of rice, sorghum and blackgram. Int J Agric Biol. 2005; 7(1): 35-38.
  • 29. Ziaebrahimi L, Khavari-Nejad RA, Fahimi H, Nejadsatari T. Effects of aqueous eucalyptus extracts on seed germination, seedling growth and activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in three wheat cultivar seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.). Pak J Biol Sci. 2007; 10: 3415-3419.
  • 3. Gholami BA, Faravani M, Kashki MT. Allelopathic effect of aqueous extract from Artemisia kopetdaghensis and Satureja hortensison growth and seed germination of weeds. J Appl Environ Biol Sci. 2011; 1(9): 283-290.
  • 30. Corsato JM, Fortes AM, Santorum M, Leszczynski R. Efedto alelopathico do extrato aquoso de folhas de girasol sobre a germinacao de soja e picao-pretio. Ciencias Agrarias Londrina. 2010; 31: 353-360.
  • 31. Gliessman R. Agroecologia: processos ecolo gicos em agricultura sustentavel. Porto Alegre UFRGS, 2000.
  • 32. Abdel-Fattah RI, Abou-Zeid AM, Atalhi AD. Allelopathic effects of Artemisia priceps and Launae sonchoids on rhizospheric fungi and wheat growth. Afr J Microb Res. 2011; 5(4): 419-424.
  • 4. Al Rabiah HK. Allelopathic effects of Citrullus colocynthis extracts on the germination and growth of some plants. M.Sc. Thesis, King Saud University. Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, 2012.
  • 5. An M, Johnson IR, Lovett IR. Mathematical modeling of allelopathy: biological response to allelochemicals and its interpretation. J Chem Ecol. 1993; 19: 2379-2388.
  • 6. Langenheim JH. Higher plant terpenoids: a phytocentric overview of their ecological roles. J Chem Ecol. 1994; 20: 1223-1280.
  • 7. Jose S, Gillespie A. Allelopathy in black walnut (Juglans nigral) allely cropping. II. Effects of juglone on hydoponically grown corn (Zea mays L.) and soyabean (Glycine max L. Merr.) growth and Physiology. Plant Soil. 1998; 203: 199-205.
  • 8. Berhow MA, Voughn SF. Higher plant flavonoids: biosynthesis and chemical ecology. In: Principles and practices in plant ecology: allelochemical interactions. Inderjit KM, Dakshini M, Foys CL, eds., 1999: 423-438.
  • 9. Dalton BR. The occurrence and behavior of plant phenolic acids in soil environment and their potentials involvements in allelochemical interference interactions: methodological limitations in establishing conclusive proof of allelopathy. In: Principles and practices in plant ecology: allelochemical interactions. Inderjit K, Dakshini MM, Foys CL, eds. 1999: 57-74.
Indexed in
Publication date:
May 22, 2016
DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.51823

Zenodo DOI Badge

Markdown 

[![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.51823.svg)](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51823)

reStructedText 

.. image:: https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.51823.svg
   :target: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51823

HTML 

<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51823"><img src="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.51823.svg" alt="DOI"></a>

Image URL 

https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.51823.svg

Target URL 

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51823

Keyword(s):
Allelopathy Mesembrynthemum forsskalii Plantago ovata Malva parviflora Chlorophyll Germination Growth
Subject(s):
URL
Published in:
European Journal of Biological Research: 6 (2016) pp. 119-126.
Related identifiers:
Supplement to:
2449-8955 (ISSN)
License (for files):
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0

Share

Cite as

Export