COVID-19 Immunity Certificates (Passports) as an Intergovernmental problem in Canada

This paper explores the issue of COVID 19 immunity certificates, also known as immunization or vaccine passports, in Canada as an intergovernmental problem. The global pandemic has demanded a coordinated response from all levels of government in Canada to address various issues such as containing the virus spread, public health, immunization, emergency care, etc. The response to the global pandemic also witnessed partial, or even, full shutdowns of the segments of the economy to contain the virus spread, followed by nationwide immunization programs administered by different provinces or territories. The immunity of the population is detrimental for the safe re-opening of the economy, and various jurisdictions across the world are exploring the idea of immunity certificates as an enabler. This paper analyzes the issue of immunity certificates within Canada as an inter-governmental problem and explores possible solutions and recommendations to address it.