Theoretical and Experimental Perspectives of Quantum Verification

In this perspective we discuss verification of quantum devices in the context of specific examples,
formulated as proposed experiments. Our first example is verification of analog quantum simulators
as Hamiltonian learning, where the input Hamiltonian as design goal is compared with the parent
Hamiltonian for the quantum states prepared on the device. The second example discusses crossdevice
verification on the quantum level, i.e. by comparing quantum states prepared on different
quantum devices. We focus in particular on protocols using randomized measurements, and we
propose establishing a central data repository, where existing experimental devices and platforms
can be compared. In our final example, we address verification of the output of a quantum device
from a computer science perspective, addressing the question of how a user of a quantum processor
can be certain about the correctness of its output, and propose minimal demonstrations on present
day devices.