TO KNOW THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX AND MICROALBUMINURIA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Objective: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one the major endocrine disorder historically known. In 2017, the total population suffering from DM was 414.9 million, while in Pakistan, according to a survey conducted in 2018, reported the known prevalence of diabetes to be 23.6% which was previously reported in a range between 7.6% to 11% among adults. Aim of the study was to determine the possible relationship between ankle-brachial index and microalbuminuria, in patients with Type-2 DM.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Medicine Department of Mayo Hospital Lahore from January 2020 to July 2020.

Materials and Methods: In this study total 69 patients with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with microalbuminuria (urine albumin 30 to 300 milligram/24 hours) were enrolled from 20-01-2018 to 20-07-2018. All peripheral pulses were palpated. Sphygmomanometer cuff was used to measure the systolic blood pressure by wrapping the cuff around each of the two ankles and arms respectively. This was done after a 10-minute rest in lying position. The ankle-brachial index was calculated as highest ankle systolic pressure divided by highest brachial systolic pressure in each patient.

Results: Among 69 patients, 29 (42%) patients were in age group 41-50 years while 40 (58%) patients were in age group 51-60 years. Mean age was 58 ± 3.78 years. Among them, 32 (46%) were male and 37 (54%) were female. among 69 patients, ankle-brachial index was analyzed, showing as 7 (10%) patients had ankle-brachial index range >1.4, 47 (68%) patients had ankle-brachial index range 0.9 -1.4 and 15 (22%) patients had ankle-brachial index range 0.4-0.9. Mean ankle-brachial index was 1.1 SD ± 0.2. Microalbuminuria among 69 patients was analyzed as 26 (38%) patients had microalbuminuria range 1-30 mg while 43 (62%) patients had microalbuminuria range 30-300 mg. Mean microalbuminuria was 150 mg ± 8.32.

Conclusion: Our study concludes that there is a strong correlation of ankle-brachial index and microalbuminuria in patients presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus.