A REVIEW ON COVID-19

Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that can lead to diseases ranging from the common cold to more severe illness such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV).[3] Novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a found to be a new strain of virus which is not previously isolated in humans. These diseases presume to zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted between animals and people.[1]. Studies states, civet cats, which is easily seen in tropical as well as temperate regions could be the vector for SARS-CoV which would have eventually lead to the transmission to humans and MERS-CoV would have transmitted from dromedary camels to humans. Majority of the people who are infected with Covid-19 shows many clinical manifestations which include respiratory symptoms, fever, and cough, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. [5] Pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure can be seen in patients who are severely ill and even can lead to death of an individual. As the virus undergoes constant mutation, it is practically impossible to find an optimum treatment regimen in a short span of time. [7] Therefore optimal measures are adopted by WHO to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19, to control the current outbreak. Active precaution and efforts must be taken to protect or reduce transmission in susceptible populations which includes children, health care providers, and elderly people. This review, intents to have a general outlook about the present pandemic disease by gathering information on genetic composition of SARS CoV, signs and symptoms, transmission, pathogenesis and treatment modalities.[10].