Published February 1, 2026 | Version v11

Theodor Kaluza's Theory of Everything: revisited

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Description

Using a Kaluza-type of model, describing the laws of electromagnetism within the formalism of curved 4D-/flat 5D-space-time, provides a coherent, comprehensive and quantitative description of phenomena related to particles, including a convergent series of quantized particle energies, with limits given by the energy values of the electron and the Higgs vacuum expectation value, and the values for electroweak coupling constants. The geometry of the solutions for spin 1/2 defines 6 lepton-like and 6 quark-like objects and allows to calculate their fractional electric charges as well as magnetic moments of baryons.

A series expansion yields electromagnetic terms, gravitational terms and a de Sitter background that provides a link between the cosmological constant and the a0 parameter of MOND/BTFR, giving both values in the correct order of magnitude.

The model can be expressed ab initio, necessary input parameters are the electromagnetic constants.

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