Cyana gelida gelida (Walker, 1854)

(Figs 72–77, 193, 259)

Doliche gelida Walker, 1854, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 2: 529 (Type locality: [E Bangladesh or NE India, S Meghalaya] “Silhet”).

= Lithosia alborosea Walker, 1864, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 31: 230 (Type locality: “North Hindostan”), syn. nov.

Type material examined. Lectotype of Doliche gelida (designated herein) (Fig. 72): ♂, handwritten label “Silhet.

45–107” / printed label “1. DOLICHE GELIDA.” / handwritten label “ gelida 127” / printed round label with a green circle “Type” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010597963” / blue label “ Arctiidae genitalia slide No. (printed) 2159 (handwritten)” (Coll. NHMUK); lectotype of Lithosia alborosea (designated herein) (Fig. 73): ♀ without abdomen, handwritten label “N. India. (Strachey) 60–39.” / printed label “ALBOROSEA.” / “1935 (printed) 181 (handwritten)” / printed round label with a green circle “Type” / “= Chionaema gelida Walk. (handwritten) W.H.T. Tams det. (printed) 6.VI.1935 (handwritten)” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010597964” (Coll. NHMUK).

Other material examined. HIMACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♀, Kangra (Hocking) 86–69 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, [Kullu, Sultanpur] Sultanpore, Kulu, Capt. J. Young coll. 1889 (Coll. NHMUK); UTTARAKHAND: 5 ♂, 2 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetaсek, 13.III.1974, 1 ♂, 17.III.1974, 1 ♂, slide MWM 35682, ♂, Volynkin; 26.III.1974, 1 ♀, 27.III.1974, 1 ♀, 18.IV.1974, 1 ♂, 4.VIII.1974, 1 ♂, 8.IX1974, 1 ♂ (Coll. MWM / ZSM); SIKKIM: 1 ♂, Sikkim, Kurseong, R.P. Breaudeau 1894 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Sikkim, 20.III.1888, O. Møller / Collectio H. J. Elwes, slide AV2075 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, Darjiling / Moore Coll. 94–106 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Darjeeling, 91–83 (Coll. NHMUK); ASSAM: 1 ♀, Assam, H.M. Parish, B.M. 1923–247 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserve Forest, Garampani, h= 100 m, 26°30’N, 93°56’E, 21–29.XI.1997, leg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Kaziranga Wild Life Res., 27°08’N, 93°56’E, 200 m, 2–3.VII.1997, leg. Siniaev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, NE India, Assam, Pan Bari Reserve Forest, 27°08’N, 94°00’E, 4–7.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHA- LAYA: 1 ♀, [Meghalaya] Khasia Hills, Assam / Collectio H. J. Elwes, slide AV2076 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 3 ♂, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26°06’N, 92°23’E, 800 m, 14–23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slide MWM 33687 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, NE India, Assam, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25°40’N, 91°04’E, 1150 m, 2–13.VII 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♀, India, Meghalaya, Nehu, 9.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 12.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Poma, 29.IV.2016 leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); NAGALAND: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Assam, Naga Hills, Kahima, H.C. Tytler, 1818-61, slide BMNH(E) Arct. -4629 ♀ (Coll. NHMUK).

Remarks. 1. The taxon alborosea was described based on worn female(s) and treated by Hampson (1896; 1900), Draudt (1914), Strand (1922) and Fang (1992; 2000) as a valid species and the senior synonym of C. quadrinotata. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the specimen deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as “Type” as lectotype. The lectotype has no abdomen, but, nevertheless, its forewing shape and remnants of the pattern are very characteristic and are very different from those of C. quadrinotata but identical to those of C. gelida (Fig. 73). The synonymy of alborosea and gelida has also been proposed by W.H.T. Tams on the determination label (Fig. 73). 2. Černý & Pinratana (2009) treated quadrinotata and alborosea as different species, but ‘ C. alborosea ’ illustrated on the color plate definitely belongs to one of forms of the polymorphic C. quadrinotata. 3. Hampson (1900) erroneously cited two specimens (male and female) from “ Assam, Khàsis” as “type”, while the species was described from Sylhet. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the specimen from “Silhet” deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as “Type” as lectotype.

Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12.5–15 mm in males and 14.5–17.5 mm in females. An unmistakable species with the very characteristic forewing shape and pattern. The male clasping apparatus of C. gelida is similar to that of C. harterti and C. flavalba, but differs by the vesica without spinules or cornuti. The female genitalia structures are also membranous with only small round signum in the medial section of the corpus bursae.

Distribution. The nominate subspecies is widely distributed in North and North-East India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, north of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh) (Hampson 1900; Smetacek 2008; Singh et al. 2014), Pakistan (present study), Nepal (Kishida 1993), Bangladesh (Walker 1854) and China (Yunnan) (Fang 2000). The subspecies C. g. brunnea Bucsek, 2014 is known from the Malay Peninsula (Bucsek 2014). The status of the populations distributed in Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia (Černý & Pinratana 2009; Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016) needs clarification.