Extended spectrum and metallo-beta-lactamase Pseudomonas species from poultry and piggery waste

Beta-lactamase producing bacteria have become a public health burden due to antibiotics usage in livestock production. This study was carried out to detect extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing Pseudomonas spp. from poultry droppings and piggery dung in Ibadan. Poultry droppings and piggery dung were collected from the University of Ibadan livestock farms while isolation of Pseudomonas spp. was done using Pseudomonas base agar supplemented with Pseudomonas C-N supplement and were conventionally characterized. Detection of ESBL and MBL producing isolates were by double disc synergy test and imipenem-EDTA combined disc test respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was by disc diffusion method against trimethoprim (5 µg), amoxicillin/ clavulanate (30 µg), cefotaxime (30 µg), ceftazidime (30 µg), cefepime (30 µg), aztreonam (30 µg), imipenem (10 µg), gentamicin (10 µg) and ciprofloxacin (10 µg). A total of 108 Pseudomonas spp. were isolated comprising 53.7% from poultry droppings and 46.3% from piggery dung. The isolates include P. aeruginosa (63.0%), P. putida (24.0%) and P. stutzeri (13.0%). While the ESBL producers were P. aeruginosa (10.2%) and P. stutzeri (1.9%), none of the isolates produced MBL. However, 63.6% the ESBL producers showed resistance to trimethoprim while 61.5% were multidrug resistant. The high prevalence of antibiotics resistance and multidrug resistant strains observed among the Pseudomonas spp. infer that poultry droppings and piggery dung can serves as a reservoir for growth and dissemination of clinically significant antibiotics resistance among bacterial species.