Content of phenolic compounds in plant raw of Cichorium intubus L., Lamium purpureum L. and Viscum album L.

Objective – to evaluate the antioxidant potential of ethanol extracts of wild selected plants in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine through the determination of phenolic compounds.

Material and methods. In this study used dried raw of Cichorium intybus L., Lamium purpureum L. and Viscum album L. Plants of C. intybus and L. purpureum harvested from natural flora of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. V. album collected from crown trees of Tilia cordata Mill. 0.2 g of dried plant raw material was extracted with 20 mL of 80 % ethanol for 2 hours. The total polyphenol content of extracts was measured by the method described by Singleton and Rossi (1965) using Folin-Chiocalteu reagent and results were expressed in mg of gallic acid equivalent per one gram of dry matter (mg GAE/g). Determination of total flavonoids content was conducted using the modified method described in Shafii et al. (2017) and results expressed in mg quercetin equivalent per one gram of dry matter (mg QE/g). Detection of total phenolic acids content of extracts was carried out using the method described in Farmakopea Polska (1999) and results expressed in mg caffeic acid per one gram of dry matter (mg CAE/g). The antioxidant activity of samples was measured using 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH method) according to Sanchez-Moreno et al. (1998). Also, the antioxidant activity of extracts was determined by the phospho-molybdenum method described by Prieto et al. (1999) with slight modifications. Results of these parameters expressed in mg Trolox equivalent per one gram of dry matter (mg TE/g). Experimental data were evaluated by using Excel 2010. Correlation analysis performed using Pearson’s criterion.

Results. The total content of polyphenol compounds for C. intybus, L. purpureum and V. album was 33.91, 34.61 and 31.28 mg GAE/g, respectively, the total content of flavonoids for C. intybus, L. purpureum and V. album – 26.29, 28.89 and 25.10 mg QE/g, the total content of phenolic acids – 4.56, 4.87 and 4.07 mg CAE/g, antioxidant activity of extracts by DPPH method was 8.35, 7.66 and 8.55 mg Trolox Equivalent/g, respectively, antioxidant activity by phosphomolybdenum method – 93.01, 142.62 and 9.31 mg Trolox Equivalent/g. Between the accumulation of polyphenol compounds and antioxidant activity of extracts found a strong positive correlation.

Conclusions. Wild plants of C. intybus, L. purpureum and V. album in M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine accumulated polyphenol compounds with high antioxidant activity. Obtained data demonstrated that these plant species can be a potential source of natural antioxidants that can be used in the different pharmacological investigations. It is important to a branch of biological science to investigate biochemical properties of not cultivated plants only but wild plants also to identify new sources of biologically active compounds.