Review on Quantum Key Distribution

There have been tremendous developments in the field of cryptography. Quantum computers is one among them. Solving complex mathematical calculations are made easy using quantum computers. Introducing quantum physics into cryptography led to growth of quantum cryptography. Quantum cryptography is a technique of using photons to generate a cryptographic key and transmit it to a receiver using a suitable communication channel. Quantum cryptography uses quantum mechanical principles such as Heisenberg Uncertainty principle and photon polarisation principle to perform cryptographic tasks towards providing an effective security system. This study describes on to generate a key which is then converted into Quantum bits (Qubits) and send to the receiver securely.