Published February 25, 2019
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PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF WOOL KERATIN BASED CHITOSAN NANOFIBERS FOR AIR AND WATER FILTRATION
Authors/Creators
- 1. Wool Research Association, PO. Sandoz Baug, Kolshet Road, Thane (W) 400607, Maharashtra, India
- 2. Wool Research Association, PO. Sandoz Baug, Kolshet Road Thane (W) 400607, Maharashtra, India
Description
In this article, we have extracted keratin from deccani wool waste and prepared the wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers by electrospinning technique. The prepared nanofibers mat were prepared with different weight percent ratio like 1wt.%, 3wt.% and 5wt.% with respect to polymer i.e Chitosan. The physicochemical and filtration properties of wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers were studied. Wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The filtration efficiency of keratin Chitosan nanofibers were investigated through DOP test and heavy metal removal capacity of evaluated through Atomic absorption spectroscopy. FTIR results were showed that Keratin gets compatible with Chitosan. XRD patterns revealed keratin was in crystalline nature and increase the crystalline nature of Chitosan nanofibers. FESEM images showed that uniform nanofibers generation with average fiber diameter 80nm. Nanofibers filtration efficiency against a particulate matter in air was obtained more than 99.53% and excellent property of removal of heavy metal.
Notes
Keratin is the major structural protein of wool fiber; also this is the key structural material making up the outer layer of human skin. Wool fiber in its native state belongs to a group of proteins called alpha-keratins, which is the crystalline portion of the protein having a particular X-ray diffraction pattern associated with the alpha -helical structure for proteins. Keratins are defined as natural, cellular systems of fibrous proteins cross-linked by cysteine sulphur. Keratin based biomaterials are extensively used in biomedical applications because of the several key properties of keratins that contribute to the overall physical, chemical and biological behaviour of these biomaterials. The extracted keratin proteins have an intrinsic ability to self-assemble and polymerize into porous, fibrous scaffolds.
This phenomenon of self-assembly is evident in the highly conserved superstructure of the wool fiber and when processed correctly, is responsible for the reproducible architecture, dimensionality and porosity of keratin-based materials. The keratin is biomaterials and extracted from wool and human hair. [1-3]. The synthetic and natural origin polymers has been used to create electrospun fibers for different applications [4]. Recently, research on the electrospun nanofibers of biocompatible polymeric materials has very much enlarged due to versatile application. Electrospining is a technique based on electrostatic charges that utilizes a high voltage charge helps to create jet of polymer and travels towards collecting plate due to charge difference. The resulting fibers have diameters in the rages from nano- to micro-scale and form a non-woven fibrous mat. The non-woven fibrous mat enhanced physical properties due to small pore size, high porosity, three-dimensional features, and high surface area-to-volume ratio. Recently, the electrospining process has also been extended to include regenerated keratin extracted from hair and wool fibers. Due to the intrinsically poor mechanical characteristics of pure keratin, however, many researchers have resorted to the addition of synthetic or natural polymers in order to increase the processability of keratin for fiber formation [5-13]. This present focuses on the preparation of keratin embedded Chitosan nanofibers for air and water filtration.
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References
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