Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells to Purkinje neurons

This protocol describes how to differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to Purkinje cells. Human iPSCs are first differentiated to Neph3+ Purkinje progenitors. To promote maturation of Purkinje progenitors in vitro, a co-culture system is used to enhance the maturation of Purkinje precursors on rat and human fetal cerebellar slices. Furthermore, Purkinje progenitor cells are injected into the cerebellum of newborn immunodeficient mice to test the differentiation ability in vivo.