Published November 27, 2025 | Version v0.2.6
Dataset Open

Soil Health Knowledge Graph

Authors/Creators

  • 1. ROR icon Wageningen University & Research

Contributors

Project member:

  • 1. ROR icon Instituto Superior Técnico
  • 2. Wageningen University
  • 3. ISRIC World Soil Information

Description

This repository hosts an open-source soil health knowledge graph (SHKG) alongside its supporting ontologies and example SPARQL queries. The KG is designed to unify fragmented interpretations of soil health—a concept variably defined across research, policymaking, and agricultural practice—by structuring insights mainly from the European Environment Agency's report Soil Monitoring in Europe: Indicators and Thresholds for Soil Health Assessments. The KG leverages SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System) as its core framework to model soil health concepts, soil threat indicators and their critical thresholds, while Dublin Core standardizes metadata for references in the report. Relationships between entities are semantically defined using existing ontologies such as Agrontology and OBO Relation Ontology. The KG is linked to external vocabularies including AGROVOC, GloSIS, ISO 11074:2025, GEMET and INRAE Thesaurus.

The SHKG comprises a total of 11,719 RDF triples. These triples describe 2,017 distinct entities. The majority of these entities (1,785) represent soil-related concepts extracted from the knowledge sources. The remaining entities include 158 bibliographic references cited in the source text, along with other supportive entities such as relevant policies, standards, regulations, geographical regions (e.g., cities, continents), and mathematical or quantitative entities (including models, equations, and units of measure). Structurally, the KG leverages 19 classes and 205 properties drawn from the selected ontologies to formally define the types of entities and the relationships between them.
 
The soil health KG is documented with a HTML page, which can be accessed at https://soilwise-he.github.io/soil-health.
The searchable vocabulary browser under Soilwise HE Data and Knowledge hub: https://voc.soilwise-he.containers.wur.nl/.
For detailed information and instructions about this knowledge graph and its associated resources, please visit the GitHub repository: https://github.com/soilwise-he/soil-health-knowledge-graph.

Files

benchmarks.zip

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Additional details

Funding

European Commission
SoilWise - An open access knowledge and data catalogue to safeguard soils 101112838

Software

Repository URL
https://github.com/soilwise-he/soil-health-knowledge-graph/
Programming language
Python
Development Status
Active

References

  • European Environment Agency. (2023). Soil monitoring in Europe : indicators and thresholds for soil quality assessments. Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2800/956606.
  • European Environment Agency, Arias-Navarro, C., Baritz, R., & Jones, A. (2024). The state of soils in Europe : fully evidenced, spatially organised assessment of the pressures driving soil degradation, (C..Arias-Navarro,editor,R..Baritz,editor,A..Jones,edito) Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/7007291