AN ASSESSMENT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE (IR) & TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA (TNF-α) ASSOCIATION WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) CASES

Objective: T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) and IR (Insulin Resistance) have an association with each another. Conditions of T2DM and Obesity are an inferior-status prolonged infection, which further results in increased levels of inflammatory markers like interleukins 6 (1L-6), TNF-α and C-reactive protein (CRP). The outcome of various studies is very controversial, resultantly, TNF-α association with obesity persuaded T2DM and insulin resistance is indistinguishable. Determination of the study is to make a relationship between levels of IR and TNF-α in obese and non-obese T2DM patients.

Methods and Patients: We completed this relative study at Allied Hospital, Faisalabad from March to October 2017. TNF-α levels and IR were governed and associated in 90 patients out of which 50 were obese and 40 were non-obese patients with a T2 diabetic. ELISA was used for determination of TNF-α and serum insulin levels and HOMA-IR was used for calculation of insulin resistance. With the help of independent sample t-test evaluation between groups also done. The considered P-value (< 0.05) was statistically significant.

Results: Mean TNF-α values and HOMA-IR were considerably higher in obese T2DM patients i.e. (17.13 ± 8.77) and (10.96 ± 4.69), with respect to non-obese patients of T2DM i.e. (3.40 ± 5.05) and (3.49 ± 2.36) respectively. In females, the recorded mean HOMA-IR was (12.85 ± 10.54) as compared to males (6.52 ± 7.03) (p-value 0.006).

Conclusion: The TNF-α part in IR, induced through obesity, is explained by increased inflammation in obese diabetics. TNF-α levels can be reduced and insulin sensitivity can improve in T2DM with reduction of weight in obese individuals.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Insulin Resistance, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and Obesity.