Novel biomarkers panel and machine learning for early detection of acute kidney injury

This single-center, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2022 and June 2024 at the Central Teaching Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. It included 68 adult patients who underwent the EVAR procedure (mostly branched or fenestrated EVAR).

The study included biomarkers indicative of glomerular filtration, such as proenkephalin A 119-159 (PENK) and Retinol Binding Protein-4 (RBP-4), markers associated with tissue damage (mostly tubular injury), specifically Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) and Netrin-1; and stress-related markers, including Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), Semaphorin-3A (SEMA3A), and Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-7 (IGFBP-7).