Frequency and antibiotic resistance of bacteria in urinary tract infections in south Serbia

Urinary tract infection (UTI) refers to the presence of microbial pathogens within the urinary tract. The aim of this study was to determine frequency and antibiotic resistance of bacteria that cause urinary tract infections in south Serbia during the year 2015. From 4784 analyzed urine samples 2367 isolates of pathogenic bacteria were obtained. The most frequent cause of UTI was Escherichia coli (43.0%) followed by Enterococcus spp. (31.0%). Also, there was a significant number of Proteus mirabilis (11.0%) and Klebsiella spp. (7.0%) isolates. In addition, remaining 8.0% of isolated bacteria belonged to genera Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., Providencia spp., Acinetobacter spp. and to species Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris. Gram-negative bacterial isolates were the most resistant to penicillin antibiotics, and the most sensitive to cephalosporins. Enterococcus spp., which are Gram-positive bacteria showed sensitivity to ampicillin in significant percentage and also to vancomycin (glycopeptide antibiotic), while fosfomycin (quinolone antibiotic) showed the lowest potency against these isolates.