Data set related to the article: "Old, Nonagenarians, and Centenarians in Cilento, Italy and the Association of Lifespan with the Level of Some Physicochemical Elements in Tap Drinking Water"

Abstract: Longevity, as a complex life-history trait, shares an ontogenetic relationship with other
quantitative traits, such as epigenetic and environmental factors. Therefore, it is important to
identify environmental factors that may modify the epigenome to establish healthy aging. This study
explored the association between tap drinking water and longevity in Cilento, Italy, to understand
whether trace elements in local drinking water may have an influence on old, nonagenarian, and
centenarian people and promote their health and longevity. Data on population and water sources
were collected through the National Demographic Statistics, the Cilento Municipal Archives, and
the Cilento IntegratedWater Service. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and a geographically
weight regression (GWR) model were used to study the spatial relationship between the explanatory
and outcome variables of longevity. The results of the study showed that the prevalence of longevity
is concentrated in the central, northern and southeastern areas of the territory and that some trace
elements present in tap water may contribute to local longevity in Cilento. Specifically, all Cilento
municipalities had alkaline tap water, and the municipalities with the highest longevity concentrations
had higher alkalinity levels than the other municipalities, soft to medium-hard water hardness, an
amount of total dissolved solids equivalent to the level of excellent water, lower amounts of sodium,
adequate iron concentration, and adequate dietary intake of manganese per day.