End of 322-Year Particle-Light Illusion: Detector is Interface, Not Sensor

This paper examines the detector as the basis for photon-particle claims. We show
that single-photon detectors (SPAD, PMT, SNSPD) are not direct particle sensors.
They implement an interface computation
O(t) = f (Zlight(t) + Zsensor(t) + G + ϕ) × Gain Threshold
−−−−−−→ {0, 1} (1)
and therefore map distinct optical fields and internal dark fluctuations to an iden-
tical binary output. We identify the following critical gaps:
(i) Lack of formal qualification: No single-photon detector has been inde-
pendently certified and qualified as a particle sensor by a standards body,
including the Nobel Committee, whose award was for the photoelectric effect,
not for detector qualification.
(ii) Lack of technological transparency: The core sensing mechanism remains
unpublished proprietary information, including material composition, internal
gain dynamics, and threshold discrimination logic that determines the {0, 1}
output.
We conclude that detector clicks alone are insufficient to establish particle nature.
We also deny the claimed signature of particle is its color - blue Cherenkov for
neutrino