ADAPTIVE NEUROPLASTICITY ASSOCIATED WITH ISCHEMIC BRAIN DAMAGE AND ITS ROLE IN STROKE RECOVERY: THEORETICAL PREREQUISITES FOR EFFECTIVE NEUROREHABILITATION

Ischemic brain damage, like other pathogenic factors, initiates the reorganization of cortical centers and pathways outside the "nuclear zone" of acute or chronic ischemia, which limits the spontaneous restoration of functions in victims. Accordingly, knowledge of the basic patterns of post-ischemic neuroplastic remodeling is crucial for developing more effective rehabilitation strategies for stroke patients. The article discusses modern concepts of neuroplasticity: the main patterns of post-stroke reorganization of the central nervous system, studied in rodents, as well as clinical markers of compensatory and regenerative processes in conditions of chronic cerebral ischemia in cerebrovascular diseases, which allows us to identify the mechanisms underlying the remodeling of neural networks in the penumbra and contralateral hemisphere against the background of ischemic damage.