File uploads: We have fixed an issue which caused file uploads to fail. We apologise for the inconvenience it may have caused.

Published December 27, 2023 | Version v1
Journal article Restricted

The Megachilidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Apiformes) of the Democratic Republic of Congo curated at the Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA, Belgium)

  • 1. Agroecology Lab, Brussels Bioengineering School, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium & Ecology, Restoration Ecology and Landscape, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi (UNILU), Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
  • 2. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), O.D. Taxonomy & Phylogeny, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium alain.pauly54@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9030-9786
  • 3. Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Biology Department, Entomology Section, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren, Belgium achik.dorchin@africamuseum.be; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-5926 & University of Mons, Research Institute for Biosciences, Laboratory of Zoology, Place du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium *Corresponding authors: alain.tshibungu.nkulu@ulb.be; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3747-3456 Phone number: +243.814.74.52.56 nicolas.vereecken@ulb.be; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8858-4623 Phone number: +32.473.60.35.63
  • 4. Agroecology Lab, Brussels Bioengineering School, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Description

Nkulu, Alain Tshibungu, Pauly, Alain, Dorchin, Achik, Vereecken, Nicolas J. (2023): The Megachilidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Apiformes) of the Democratic Republic of Congo curated at the Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA, Belgium). Zootaxa 5392 (1): 1-103, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5392.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5392.1.1/52546

Files

Restricted

The record is publicly accessible, but files are restricted to users with access.

Linked records

Additional details

References

  • Akena, F.A. (2012) Critical Analysis of the Production of Western Knowledge and Its Implications for Indigenous Knowledge and Decolonization. Journal of Black Studies, 43 (6), 599-619. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934712440448
  • Anonymous (1962) Obituary Dr Sheffield Neave, 1. The Times, London, 14 pp. https://doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U57829
  • Aquilas, N.A., Mukong, A.K., Kimengsi, J.N. & Ngangnchi, F.H. (2022) Economic activities and deforestation in the Congo basin: An environmental kuznets curve framework analysis. Environmental Challenges, 8 (February), 100553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2022.100553
  • Ascher, J.S. & Pickering. J. (2020) Discover Life bee species guide and world checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). [http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?guide=Apoidea_species]
  • Baker, R.A. & Bayliss, R.A. (2009) "Two naturalists in Africa: Sheffield Airey Neave (1879-1961) and James Jenkins Simpson (1881-1937) with particular reference to their work on insects and ticks from 1910 to 1915" (PDF). The Linnean, 25 (1), 20-27.
  • Baselga, A. (2010) Partitioning the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19, 134-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00490.x
  • Beaman, R.S. & Cellinese, N. (2012) Mass digitization of scientific collections: New opportunities to transform the use of biological specimens and underwrite biodiversity science. ZooKeys, 209, 7-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.209.3313
  • Belitz, M.W., Larsen, E.A., Shirey, V., Li, D. & Guralnick, R.P. (2022) Phenological research based on natural history collections: Practical guidelines and a lepidopteran case study. Functional Ecology, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14173
  • Bequaert, J. (1913) Notes biologiques sur quelques fourmis et termites du Congo Belge. Revue Zoologique Africaine (Brussels) 2, 396-431.
  • Berents, P., Hamer, M. & Chavan, V. (2010) Towards demand-driven publishing: approaches to the prioritization of digitization of natural history collection data. Biodiversity Informatics, 7, 47-52. https://doi.org/10.17161/bi.v7i2.3990
  • Borcard, D., Gillet, F. & Legendre, P. (2018) Community Diversity, Numerical Ecology with R, 2011Use R! Springer, Berlin (pg. 369-411), chap. 8, ISSN 2197-5744, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71404-2
  • Bredo H.J. (1934) La lutte biologique et son importance economique au Congo Belge. Bull. Agr. Congo Belge, 25 (1), 3-20.
  • Cardoso, P., Rigal, F. & Carvalho, J.C. (2015) BAT - Biodiversity Assessment Tools, an R package for the measurement and estimation of alpha and beta taxon, phylogenetic and functional diversity. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 6, 232-236. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12310
  • Carpenter, F.M. (1982) "Dedication: Joseph C. Bequaert", Psyche, 89, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1155/1982/71204
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1930) African bees of the family Megachilidae, (Anthidiinae, Serapista and Lithurgus) mainly from the Belgian Congo and Liberia (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 19, 43-55.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1931) African Bees of the family Megachilidae, (Gronoceras and Megachile) from Liberia and Belgian Congo. Revue de zoologie et de botanique africaines, 20 (2), 132-179.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1932) Collecting bees in the Belgian Congo. An American entomological expedition in the heart of Africa, Natural history, pp. 399-407.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1933a) Bees from the Belgian Congo. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 23 (ix), 18-27.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1933b) Bees from the Belgian Congo. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 23 (May 1927), 18-27.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1935) African bees of the genera Allodape and Allodapula. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 27, 367-371.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1935a) Records of African bees. The Entomologist, 68, 236-239.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1935b) African bees of the genus Coelioxys. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 26, 436-444.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1936a) Some African anthidiine bees. American Museum Novitates, 855, 1-12.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1936b) African hylaeine bees. American Museum Novitates, 847, 1-14.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1937) African Bees of the Genera Ceratina, Halictus and Megachile. Wiliam Clowes and Sons, Limited, London and Beccles. 254 pp.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. (1938) Bees of the genus Sphecodes from the Belgian Congo. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 30 (909), 327-329.
  • Coetzer, W. & Eardley, C. (2019) Insights into 260 years of taxonomic research gained from the catalogue of afrotropical bees. African Invertebrates, 60 (2), 291-318. https://doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.60.37752
  • Diaz, S., Settele, J., Brondizio, E.S., Ngo, H.T., Gueze, M., Agard, J., Arneth, A., Balvanera, P., Brauman, K.A., Butchart, S. H.M., Chan, K.M.A., Garibaldi, L.A., Ichii, K., Liu, J., Subramanian, M., Midgley, G.F., Miloslavich, P., Molnar, Z., Obura, D., Pfaff, A., Polasky, S., Purvis, A., Razzaque, J., Reyers, B., Chowdhury, R.R., Shin, Y.J., Visseren-Hamakers, I.J., Willis, K.J. & Zayas, C.N. (2019) Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany, 56 pp.
  • Dorsouma, H. & Bouchard, M.-A. (2010) " Conflits armes et Environnement : Cadre, modalites, methodes et role de l'Evaluation Environnementale ", Developpement durable et territoires [En ligne], Dossier 8 : Methodologies et pratiques territoriales de l'evaluation en matiere de developpement durable. [http://developpementdurable.revues.org/index3365.html]
  • Drew, J.A., Moreau, C.S. & Stiassny, M.L.J. (2017) Digitization of museum collections holds the potential to enhance researcher diversity. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1, 1789-1790. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0401-6
  • Eardley, C. (1988) A revision of the genus Lithurgus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) of sub-saharan Africa. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 51, 251-263.
  • Eardley, C. (2012a) A taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the subgenus Creightonella Cockerell (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachile latreille). Zootaxa, 35 (3159), 1-35. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3159.1.1
  • Eardley, C. (2012b) A taxonomic revision of the southern African species of dauber bees in the genus Megachile Latreille (Apoidea: Megachilidae). Zootaxa, 139 (3460), 1-139. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3460.1.1
  • Eardley, C. (2013) A taxonomic revision of the southern African leaf-cutter bees, Megachile Latreille sensu stricto and Heriadopsis Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae). Zootaxa, 3601 (1), 1-134. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3601.1.1
  • Eardley, C. (2018) Taxonomic revision of the sub-Saharan Anthidiellum Cockerell (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini). Zootaxa, 4402 (2), 201-250. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.1
  • Eardley, C. & Griswold, T. (2015) Taxonomic revision of Plesanthidium Cameron (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Anthidiini), an endemic Afrotropical bee genus. Zootaxa, 3973 (1), 001-056. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3973.1.1
  • Eardley, C. & Griswold, T. (2016) Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical bee genus Serapista Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Anthidiini). Zootaxa, 4111 (4), 334-364. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4111.4.2
  • Eardley, C. & Griswold, T. (2017) Taxonomic revision of the afrotropical species of pachyanthidium friese (hymenoptera: Megachilidae: anthidiini). Zootaxa, 4237 (3), 401-453. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4237.3.1
  • Eardley, C. & Griswold, T. (2018) Taxonomic revision of Cyphanthidium Pasteels (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Anthidiini), an endemic Afrotropical bee genus. Zootaxa, 4450 (1), 26-40. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.1.2
  • Eardley, C., Kuhlmann, M. & Pauly, A. (2009) Les genres et sous-genres d'abeilles de l'Afrique subsaharienne. Abc Taxa, 9, 1-144.
  • Eardley, C. & Urban, R. (2010) Catalogue of Afrotropical bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apiformes). Zootaxa, 548 (Issue 2454). https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2455.1.1
  • Enke, N., Thessen, A., Bach, K., Bendix, J., Seeger, B. & Gemeinholzer, B. (2012) The user's view on biodiversity data sharing - Investigating facts of acceptance and requirements to realize a sustainable use of research data. Ecological Informatics, 11, 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2012.03.004
  • Ewans, S.M. (2001) European atrocity, African catastrophe: Leopold II, the Congo Free State and its aftermath. Richmond: Curzon, 275 pp.
  • Freund, B. (1998) The Making of Contemporary Africa: The Development of African Society since 1800 (2nd ed.). Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, 360 pp.
  • Friese, H. (1903) Neue afrikanische Megachile - Arten II (Hym.). Zeitschrift fu¨r systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 3, 273-290.
  • Friese, H. (1905) Die Wollbienen Afrikas. Genus Anthidium (Hym.). Zeitschrift fu¨r systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 5, 65-75.
  • Friese, H. (1909) Die Bienen Afrikas nach dem Stande unserer heutigen Kenntnisse. In: Schultze, L. Zoologische und Anthropologische Ergebenisse einer Forschungsreise im westlichen und zentralen Sudafrika ausgefuhrt in den jahren 1903 - 1905, Band 2. Denkschriften der Medizinisch - naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena 14, 83-476, pls. IX-X. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10343
  • Ganzevoort, W., van den Born, R.J.G., Halffman, W. & Turnhout, S. (2017) Sharing biodiversity data: citizen scientists' concerns and motivations. Biodiversity and Conservation, 26 (12), 2821-2837. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1391-z
  • Gilbert, P. (2010) "Sheffield Airey NEAVE: Administrator, editor, systematist". Archives of Natural History. 37, 171-172. https://doi.org/10.3366/E0260954109001752
  • Gonzalez, V.H., Griswold, T., Praz, T.J. & Danforth, B.N. (2012) 'Phylogeny of the bee family Megachilidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) based on adult morphology', Systematic entomology, 37 (2), 261-286. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00620.x
  • Gonzalez, V.H., Gustafson, G.T. & Engel, M.S. (2019) Morphological phylogeny of Megachilini and the evolution of leaf-cutter behavior in bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Journal of Melittology, 85, 1-123. https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541
  • Gous, A., Eardley, C.D., Johnson, S.D., Swanevelder, D.Z.H. & Willows-Munro, S. (2021) Floral hosts of leaf-cutter bees (Megachilidae) in a biodiversity hotspot revealed by pollen DNA metabarcoding of historic specimens. PloS ONE, 16 (1 January), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244973
  • Graham, K.K., Gibbs, J., Wilson, J., May, E. & Isaacs, R. (2021) Resampling of wild bees across fifteen years reveals variable species declines and recoveries after extreme weather. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 317, 1-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107470
  • Harroy, J.-P. (1985) La lutte anti-acridienne et Hans Bredo. Academie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer, Classe des Sciences naturelles et medicales, Memoires in-8°, Nouvelle Serie, Tome XX, fasc. 4, Bruxelles.
  • Heberling, J.M. (2020) Global Change Biology: Museum Specimens Are More Than Meet the Eye. Current Biology, 30, 1361- 1389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.042
  • Hedrick, B.P., Heberling, J.M., Meineke, E.K., Turner, K.G., Grassa, C.J., Park, D.S., Kennedy, J., Clarke, J.A., Cook, J.A., Blackburn, D.C., Edwards, S.V. & Davis, C.C. (2020) Digitization and the Future of Natural History Collections. BioScience, 70 (3), 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz163
  • Hoiss, B., Krauss, J., Potts, S.G., Roberts, S. & Steffan-Dewenter, I. (2012)Altitude acts as an environmental filter on phylogenetic composition, traits and diversity in bee communities. Proc. R. Soc. B., 279, 4447-4456. [http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing. org.] https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1581
  • Hughes, A.C., Orr, M.C., Ma, K., Costello, M.J., Waller, J., Provoost, P., Yang, Q., Zhu, C. & Qiao, H. (2021) Sampling biases shape our view of the natural world. Ecography, 44: 1259-1269. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05926
  • Kindt, R. & Coe, R. (2005) Tree diversity analysis. A manual and software for common statistical methods for ecological and biodiversity studies. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi. ISBN 92-9059-179-X.
  • Kindt, R. (2019) BiodiversityR: Package for Community Ecology and Suitability Analysis: BiodiversityR Package. R Version 2.11-3.
  • Klein,A.M., Vaissiere, B.E., Cane, J.H., Steffan-Dewenter, I., Cunningham, S.A., Kremen, C. & Tscharntke, T. (2007) Importance of pollinators in changing landscapes for world crops. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 274 (1608), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3721
  • Kuhlmann, M. (2009) Patterns of diversity, endemism and distribution of bees (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany, 75, 726-738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2009.06.016
  • Larcom, S., van Gevelt, T. & Zabala, A. (2016) Precolonial institutions and deforestation in Africa. Land Use Policy, 51, 150-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.10.030
  • Legendre, P. (2014) Interpreting the replacement and richness difference components of beta diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 23, 1324-1334. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12207
  • Lendemer, J., Thiers, B., Monfils, A.K., Zaspel, J., Ellwood, E.R., Bentley, A., LeVan, K., Bates, J., Jennings, D., Contreras, D., Lagomarsino, L., Mabee, P., Ford, L.S., Guralnick, R., Gropp, R.E., Revelez, M., Cobb, C., Seltmann, K. & Aime, M.C. (2020) The Extended Specimen Network: A Strategy to Enhance US Biodiversity Collections, Promote Research and Education. BioScience, 70 (1), 23-30, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz140
  • Liongo li Enkulu (1988) Les Megachiles (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) d'Europe et d'Afrique. Une etude ecologique et agronomique. These de doctorat, Faculte Universitaire des Sciences agronomiques, Gembloux, Belgique, 247pp. + Annexes I & II hors texte.
  • Litman, J.R. (2012) Phylogenetic systematics and the evolution of nesting behavior, host-plant preference, and cleptoparasitism in the bee family Megachilidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Phd Thesis, Cornell University, 201pp.
  • Litman, J.R., Griswold, T. & Danforth, B.N. (2016) Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 100, 183-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018
  • McLean, B.S., Bell, K.C., Dunnum, J.L., Abrahamson, B., Colella, J.P., Deardorff, E.R., Weber, J.A., Jones, A.K., Salazar- Miralles, F. & Cook, J.A. (2016) Natural history collections-based research: progress, promise, and best practices. Journal of mammalogy, 97 (1), 287-297. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv178
  • Miao, Y., Razzaq, A., Adebayo, T.S. & Awosusi, A.A. (2022) Do renewable energy consumption and financial globalisation contribute to ecological sustainability in newly industrialized countries? Renewable Energy, 187, 688-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.01.073
  • Michener, C.D. (1968) " Heriades Spiniscutis, a Bee That Facultatively Omits Partitionsbetween Rearing Cells (Hymenoptera, Apoidae)." Journal of the Kansas Entoological Society, 41 (4), 484-493. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25083741
  • Miller, S.E. & Rogo, L.M. (2001) Challenges and opportunities in understanding and utilisation of African insect diversity. Cimbebasia, 17 (August 2000), 197-218.
  • Monsarrat, S., Boshoff,A.F. & Kerley, G.I.H. (2019) Accessibility maps as a tool to predict sampling bias in historical biodiversity occurrence records. Ecography, 42 (1), 125-136. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03944
  • Msila, V. (2021) Digitalization and decolonizing education: A qualitative study of university of south africa (unisa) leadership. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 11 (11), 553-560. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2021.11.11.1564
  • Nash, M.H. (2022) "The 201 Most (& Least) Biodiverse Countries in 2022. [https://theswiftest.com/biodiversity-index/]
  • Nayak, S.B., Kolanthasamy, E. & Kavadana, S. (2021) Insect biodiversity and their conservation for sustainable ecosystem functioning. Biological Diversity: Current Status and Conservation Policies, 1, 304-314. https://doi.org/10.26832/aesa-2021-bdcp-020
  • Neave, S.A. (1907) A journey to North-East Rhodesia during 1904 and 1905. Memoirs of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 51 (3), 1-7.
  • Neave, S.A. (1910) A naturalist's travels on the Congo-Zambesi watershed. Geographical Journal, 35, 132-146. https://doi.org/10.2307/1776946
  • Nichols, R.N., Goulson, D. & Holland, J.M. (2019) The best wildflowers for wild bees. J Insect Conserv, 23, 819-830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-019-00180-8
  • Oksanen, J. (2019) vegan: ecological diversity: processed with vegan 2.5-6 in R version 3.6.1, pp. 8-11.
  • Paradis, E. & Schliep, K. (2019) "ape 5.0: an environment for modern phylogenetics and evolutionary analyses in R." Bioinformatics, 35, 526-528. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty633
  • Parnell, S. & Walaweg, R. (2011) Sub-Saharan nisation and global environmental change. Global Environmental Change, 21 (2011), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.09.014
  • Pasteels, J.J. (1965) Revision des Megachilidae (Hymenoptera Apoidea) De L'Afrique Noire. Les Genres Creightoniella, Chalicodoma et Megachile (s. str.). Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale- Tervuren, Belgique Annales, Serie In-8- Sciences Zoologiques, 137, 1-563.
  • Pasteels, J.J. (1966) Megachilidae (Genres : Creightoniella, Megachile et Chalicodoma) peu connues ou nouvelles des regions Palearctique et Africaine. Bulletin and Annales de la Societe Royale d'Entomologie de Belgique, 102 (1), 1-19.
  • Pasteels, J.J. (1968) Revision des Megachilidae (Hymenoptera Apoidea) de L'Afrique Noire. II. Le Genre Coelioxys. Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale - Tervuren, Belgique Annales, Serie In-8- Sciences Zoologiques, 167, 1-139.
  • Pasteels, J.J. (1970) Especes nouvelles de Megachilidae (Hymenoptera Apoidea) de L'Afrique Noire. I. Le Genre Creightonella Cockerell et le genre Chalicodoma Lepeltier. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, LXXXII, 3-4.
  • Pasteels, J.J. (1984) Revision des Anthidiinae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae) de l'Afrique subsaharienne. Memoires de la Classe des Sciences, XIX: 1-165.
  • Pauly, A. (2001) Bibliographie des Hymenopteres de Belgique precedee de notices biographiques (1827-2000) Premiere partie. Notes Fauniques de Gembloux, 44, 37-84.
  • Potts, S.G., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V.L. & Ngo, H.T. (2016a) The assessment report of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on pollinators, pollination and food production. IPBES, Secretariat of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Bonn, Germany, 552 pp.
  • Potts, S., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V., Ngo, H., Aizen, M.A., Biesmeijer, J.C., Breeze, T.D., Dicks, L.V., Garibaldi, L.A., Hill, R., Settele, J. & Vanbergen, A.J. (2016b) Safeguarding pollinators and their values to human well-being. Nature, 540, 220- 229. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20588
  • Pourtier, R. (2009) Le Kivu dans la guerre: acteurs et enjeux. EchoGeo [En ligne], Sur le Vif. https://doi.org/10.4000/echogeo.10793
  • Praz, C.J., Muller, A., Danforth, B.N., Griswold, T.L., Widmer, A. & Dorn, S. (2008) Phylogeny and biogeography of bees of the tribe Osmiini (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 49 (1), 185-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.005
  • Pyke, G.H. & Ehrlich, P.R. (2010) Biological collections and ecological/environmental research: a review, some observations and a look to the future. Biological Reviews, 85, 247-266. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2009.00098.x
  • R Core Team (2020) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
  • Rahbek, C. (2005) The role of spatial scale and the perception of large-scale species-richness patterns. Ecology Letters, 8 (2), 224-239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00701.x
  • Raja, N.B., Dunne, E.M., Matiwane, A., Khan, T.M., Natscher, P.S., Ghilardi, A.M. & Chattopadhyay, D. (2022) Colonial history and global economics distort our understanding of deep-time biodiversity. Nature Ecology and Evolution, 6 (2), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01608-8
  • Rodger, J.G., Balkwill, K. & Gemmill, B. (2004) African pollination studies: Where are the gaps? International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 24 (1), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.1079/IJT20045
  • RStudio Team (2020) rStudio: Integrated Development for R. RStudio, PBC, Boston, MA. [http://www.rstudio.com/]
  • Sabino, W., Costa, L., Andrade, T., Teixeira, J., Araujo, G., Acosta, A.L., Carvalheiro, L. & Giannini, T.C. (2022) Status and trends of pollination services in Amazon agroforestry systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 335, 108012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2022.108012
  • Santos, D. & Ribeiro, G.C. (2022) Areas of endemism in the Afrotropical region based on the geographical distribution of Tipulomorpha (Insecta: Diptera). Austral Ecology, 47, 92-113. https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.13137
  • Schletterer, A. (1891) Hymenoptera in expeditione sub auspicio regii imperii belgici perfecta in regione Africae ad Congo flumen inferius collecta detreminata sive descripta. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 35, 1-34. https://biostor.org/reference/146491
  • Schulten, G.G.M. (1977) Megachilidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Malawi (Central Africa). The genera Creightonella, Megachile (s.str.) and Chalicodoma. Series of miscellaneous publications Institute of Taxonomic Zoology (Zoological Museum) University of Amsterdam, 26 (331), 43-76.
  • Shipley, B.R. & Mcguire, J.L. (2022) Interpreting and integrating multiple endemism metrics to identify hotspots for conservation priorities Area-weighted Range-size metrics Weighted Endemism Corrected weighted. Biological Conservation, 265, 109403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109403
  • Smith, F. (1853) Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. London, Parts I & II, Andrenidae and Apidae. British Museum, London, 197 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.20858
  • Staner, P. (1972) Corbisier-Baland. Biographie Belge d'Outre-Mer, T.VII-A, 1973, col. 150-151. [http://www.kaowarsom.be/fr/ notices_corbisier_baland_anatole_antoine_pierre_joseph_ghislain]
  • Strand, E. (1921) Notes sur quelques Apides de Congo belge. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 8, 87-106. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22387
  • Strobel, B., Schmelzle, S., Bluthgen, N. & Heethoff, M. (2018) An automated device for the digitization and 3D modelling of insects, combining extended-depth-of-field and all-side multi-view imaging. ZooKeys, 2018 (759), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.759.24584
  • Suarez, A.V. & Tsutsui, N.D. (2004) The Value of Museum Collections for Research and Society. BioScience, 54, 66-74. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0066:TVOMCF]2.0.CO;2
  • Sikes, D.S., Copas, K., Hirsch, T., Longino, J.T. & Schigel, D. (2016) On natural history collections, digitized and not: A response to Ferro and Flick. ZooKeys, 2016 (618), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.618.9986
  • Thomson, S.A., Pyle, R.L., Ahyong, S.T., Alonso-Zarazaga, M., Ammirati, J., Araya, J.F., Ascher, J.S., Audisio, T.L., Azevedo- Santos, V.M., Bailly, N., Baker, W.J., Balke, M., Barclay, M.V.L., Barrett, R.L., Benine, R.C., Bickerstaff, J.R.M., Bouchard, P., Bour, R., Bourgoin, T., Luksenburg, A., Mariaux, J., Marinho-Filho, J., Marshall, C.J., Mate, J.F., McDonough, M.M., Michel, E., Miranda, V.F.O., Mitroiu, M.D., Molinari, J., Monks, S., Moore, A.J., Moratelli, R., Mura´nyi, D., Nakano, T., Nikolaeva, S., Noyes, J., Ohl, M., Oleas, N.H., Orell, T., Pa´ll-Gergely, B., Pape, T., Papp; V., Parenti, L.R., Patterson, D., Pavlinov, I.Y., Pine, R.H., Poczai, P., Prado, J., Prathapan, D., Rabeler, R.K., Randall, J.E., Rheindt, F.E., Rhodin, A.G.J., Rodri´guez, S.M., Rogers, D.C., Roque, F.O., Rowe, K.C., Ruedas, L.A., Salazar-Bravo, J., Salvador, R.B., Sangster, G., Sarmiento, C.E., Schigel, D.S., Schmidt, S., Schueler, F.W., Segers, H., Snow, N., Souza-Dias, P.G.B., Stals, R., Stenroos, S., Stone, R.D., Sturm, C.F., Sˇ tys, P.S., Teta, P., Thomas, C.T., Timm, R.M., Tindall, B.J., Todd, J.A., Triebel, D., Valdecasas, A.G., Vizzini, A., Vorontsova, M.S., de Vos, J.M., Wagner, P., Watling, L., Weakley, A., welter-Schultes, F., Whitmore, D., Wilding, N., Will, K., Williams, J., Wilson, K., Winston, J.E., Wu¨ster, W., Yanega, D., Yeates, D.K., Zaher, H., Zhang, G., Zhang, Z.-Q. & Zhou, H.Z. (2018) Taxonomy based on science is necessary for global conservation. PLoS Biology, 16 (3), e2005075. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005075
  • Tobiasz, A., Markiewicz, J., Lapinski, S., Nikel, J., Kot, P. & Muradov, M. (2019) Review of Methods for Documentation, Management, and Sustainability of Cultural Heritage. Case Study: Museum of King Jan III's Palace at Wilanow. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11 (24). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247046
  • Trunz, V., Packer, L., Vieu, J., Arrigo, N. & Praz, C.J. (2016) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Comprehensive phylogeny, biogeography and new classification of the diverse bee tribe Megachilini: Can we use DNA barcodes in phylogenies of large genera? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 103, 245-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.004
  • Vachal, J. (1910) Diagnoses d'insectes nouveaux recuellis dans le Congo belge par le Dr. Sheffield-Neave : Hymenoptera, Apidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique 54, 306-328. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21456
  • Van Reybrouck, D. (2015) Congo: the epic history of a people. Harper Collins, New York, NY, 656 pp.
  • Vereecken, N.J., Weekers, T., Marshall, L., D'Haeseleer, J., Cuypers, M., Pauly, A., Pasau, B., Leclercq, N., Tshibungu, A., Molenberg, J.M. & De Greef, S. (2021) Five years of citizen science and standardised field surveys in an informal urban green space reveal a threatened Eden for wild bees in Brussels, Belgium. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 14 (6), 868-876. https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12514
  • Wang, Z., Li, Y., Jain, A. & Pierce, N.E. (2022) Agent-based models reveal limits of mark-release-recapture estimates for the rare butterfly, Bhutanitis thaidina (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Insect Science, 29 (2), 550-566. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12949
  • Wratten, S.D., Gillespie, M., Decourtye, A., Mader, E. & Desneux, N. (2012) Pollinator habitat enhancement: Benefits to other ecosystem services. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 159, 112-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.020
  • Zhang, C. (2022) Remembering Colonialism and Encountering Refugees: Decolonization in Jenny Erpenbeck's Go, Went, Gone. European Review, 30 (1), 134-149. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1062798720000368
  • Zhang, X., Xue, Y., Zhang, C., Ren, Y., Xu, B. & Chen, Y. (2021a) Sampling intensity influences the estimation of functional diversity indices of fish communities. Ecological Indicators, 121, 107169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107169
  • Zhang, Y., Wang, G., Zhuang, H., Wang, L., Innes, J.L. & Ma, K. (2021b) Integrating hotspots for endemic, threatened and rare species supports the identification of priority areas for vascular plants in SW China. Forest Ecology and Management, 484, 118952, ISSN 0378-1127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118952
  • Zizka, A., Ryden, O., Edler, D., Klein, J., Perrigo, A., Silvestro, D., Jagers, S.C., Lindberg, S.I. & Antonelli, A. (2021) Bio-Dem, a tool to explore the relationship between biodiversity data availability and socio-political conditions in time and space. Journal of Biogeography, 48 (11), 2715-2726. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14256