Designing 3D bioengineered in vitro cardiac tissue models as reliable tools for the evaluation of chemical cardiotoxicity

Humans are continuously exposed to a huge amount and a variety of chemicals. Animal tests are the gold standard for toxicity testing.
However, they often fail in finely replicating the real physio-pathological scenario, and their use is associated with ethical issues. Thus, there is an urgent need for Novel Approach Methodologies providing more reliable and robust methods for toxicity assessment.