<br>        Inclusion Criteria. Eligible patients for the study must meet ALL the following inclusion<br>        criteria:<br><br>          1. Male or female =18 years of age<br><br>          2. Hospitalized patients requiring a systemic antibiotic treatment for a proven or<br>             strongly suspected bacterial infection (lower respiratory tract infection [LRTI],<br>             complicated urinary tract infection [cUTI]) or prophylactic treatment of febrile<br>             neutropenia for neutropenic patient<br><br>          3. Patients who are intended to receive one of the following FQs: moxifloxacin,<br>             levofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin, by oral or parenteral route, for an intended duration<br>             of 5 days (minimum) to 21 days (maximum), in monotherapy<br><br>          4. Patients expected to stay in hospital for at least 3 days after randomization<br><br>          5. Patients with the following conditions:<br><br>             - Previous history of CDI (no more than 2 episodes) within six months prior to study<br>             inclusion<br><br>             OR<br><br>             - Patient aged =65 years, and presenting with at least two of the following:<br><br>               -  Previous cumulated exposure of at least 5 days to any antibiotics within the last<br>                  90 days<br><br>               -  Patients who have at least one concurrent severe comorbidity among the following:<br>                  malignant disease, chronic renal failure, cardiopulmonary condition (such as<br>                  chronic congestive heart failure or severe arterial hypertension), diabetes<br>                  mellitus, or liver cirrhosis<br><br>               -  Previous hospitalization of more than 72h within the last 90 days, or patient<br>                  receiving long-term nursing care for more than one month within the last 90 days<br><br>          6. Female patients participating in the study must be:<br><br>             - of non-childbearing potential: surgically sterilized at least 3 months prior to<br>             inclusion, or postmenopausal (menopause is defined as being aged >60 years, or aged<br>             between 45 and 60 years and being amenorrheic for =2 years)<br><br>             OR<br><br>             - of childbearing potential, and:<br><br>             • using an efficient double contraception from inclusion up to 24 hours after the end<br>             of the treatment period: hormonal contraception (including patch, contraceptive ring,<br>             etc.), intra-uterine device, or other mechanical contraception method<br><br>             AND<br><br>             condom, or diaphragm or cervical/vault cap, or spermicide<br><br>             AND<br><br>             must have a negative urine pregnancy test prior to inclusion to the study.<br><br>          7. Patients who have given their written informed consent prior to undertaking any<br>             study-related procedure.<br><br>        Exclusion Criteria: Eligible patients for this study will be excluded if any of the<br>        following conditions are present:<br><br>          1. Antibacterial treatment within seven days before randomization<br><br>          2. Fluoroquinolone indication other than LRTI, cUTI, or febrile neutropenia prophylaxis<br><br>          3. Patients with suspected or diagnosed CDI at screening, and/or receiving a treatment<br>             effective against CDI<br><br>          4. Patients with diarrhea corresponding to Bristol stool chart types 5-7, combined with a<br>             stool frequency of at least three stools in 24 or fewer consecutive hours, regardless<br>             of its etiology<br><br>          5. Patients using probiotics for prevention of CDI and refusing to stop them at inclusion<br>             and during the study<br><br>          6. Patients currently taking activated charcoal<br><br>          7. Patients who have received a fecal microbial transplantation within the last 90 days<br>             prior to study screening<br><br>          8. A critically ill patient for whom transfer to an intensive care unit is scheduled, or<br>             patient who may likely have critical clinical deterioration within 48 hours;<br><br>          9. Patients with serious, uncontrolled disease, including but not limited to neutropenia<br>             expected to last >7 days (Investigator discretion) or with an estimated life<br>             expectancy shorter than 6 months<br><br>         10. Patients diagnosed with any cancer requiring taxane-based chemotherapy<br><br>         11. Patients with digestive stoma, known conditions at risk for intestinal obstruction, or<br>             known achlorhydria<br><br>         12. Contra-indication to oral therapy (eg, severe nausea/vomiting or ileus) or patient<br>             having tube feeding<br><br>         13. Patients unable or expected to be unable within 48 hours to receive a medication by<br>             oral route administration<br><br>         14. Known hypersensitivity to the activated charcoal, or to any of the constituents or<br>             excipients of DAV132<br><br>         15. Patients taking any drug/medication acting on (eg, metronidazole; sulfasalazine) or<br>             absorbed in the colon.<br><br>         16. Female patients planning a pregnancy, pregnant or breastfeeding<br><br>         17. Patients already included into this study<br><br>         18. Patients in an exclusion period of a previous study<br><br>         19. Patients with any social or logistical condition which in the opinion of the<br>             Investigator, may interfere with the conduct of the study, such as incapacity to<br>             understand well, not willing to collaborate, or cannot easily be contacted after<br>             discharge<br><br>         20. Patients not covered by a health insurance system where applicable and in compliance<br>             with the recommendations of the national laws in force relating to biomedical<br>             research.<br><br>         21. Patients under administrative or legal supervision.<br>