-  Lactating or pregnant female patient<br/><br/>          -  Patient has received total body irradiation, upper abdomen radiotherapy, radiotherapy<br/>             of the cranium, craniospinal regions or the pelvis within 1 week prior to study entry<br/>             (screening)<br/><br/>          -  Scheduled to receive concomitant total body irradiation, radiotherapy of the upper<br/>             abdomen, lower thorax region, or cranium/craniospinal regions up to 24 hours after<br/>             study drug administration<br/><br/>          -  Known history of allergy to any component or other contraindications to any 5-HT3<br/>             receptor antagonists<br/><br/>          -  Active infection<br/><br/>          -  Uncontrolled medical condition<br/><br/>          -  Marked baseline prolongation of QTc interval [QTcB or QTcF > 460 msec] in any of the<br/>             ECG assessments at screening. For this purpose, assessment will rely on the automatic<br/>             interpretation by the ECG machine<br/><br/>          -  Patient suffering from ongoing vomiting from any organic etiology (including patients<br/>             with history of gastric outlet obstruction or intestinal obstruction due to adhesions<br/>             or volvulus) or patients with hydrocephalus<br/><br/>          -  Patient who experienced any vomiting, retching, or nausea within 24 hours prior to<br/>             the administration of the study drug<br/><br/>          -  Patient who received any drug with potential anti-emetic effect within 24 hours prior<br/>             to administration of study treatment, including but not limited to:<br/><br/>          -  NK1- receptor antagonists (e.g. aprepitant)<br/><br/>          -  5-HT3 antagonists (e.g., ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron);<br/><br/>          -  Phenothiazines (e.g., perphenazine, prochlorperazine, promethazine, fluphenazine,<br/>             chlorpromazine, thiethylperazine);<br/><br/>          -  Butyrophenones (e.g., droperidol, haloperidol);<br/><br/>          -  Benzamides (e.g., metoclopramide, alizapride);<br/><br/>          -  Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone, methylprednisolone; except inhaled steroids for<br/>             respiratory disorders and topical steroids for skin disease with doses of ≤ 10 mg of<br/>             prednisone daily or its equivalent); Corticosteroids foreseen in the chemotherapy<br/>             regimen or to reduce intracranial pressure are allowed. According to the<br/>             guidelines1,2, patients will receive also dexamethasone as a co-medication in<br/>             accordance with standard clinical practice and if deemed appropriate by the<br/>             Investigator.<br/><br/>          -  Dimenhydrinate; Hydroxyzine; Domperidone; Lorazepam; Cyclizine; Cannabinoids;<br/>             Scopolamine; Trimethobenzamide HCl; Meclizine hydrochloride; Pseudoephedrine HCl;<br/><br/>          -  Over the Counter (OTC) antiemetics, OTC cold or OTC allergy medications;<br/><br/>          -  Herbal preparations containing ephedra or ginger.<br/><br/>          -  Patient aged ≤ 6 years who received any investigational drug (defined as a medication<br/>             with no marketing authorization granted for any age group and any indication) within<br/>             90 days prior to Day 1, or patient aged > 6 years who received any investigational<br/>             drug within 30 days prior to Day 1 or is expected to receive investigational drugs<br/>             prior to study completion<br/><br/>          -  Patient who participated in any previous trial with palonosetron<br/>