source;article_id;sen_id;cue;text;journal_id;check;ref;nature;context;timeline;expression
db;9;903;may;These results suggest that a significant portion of TLR9 may avoid relocalization in Unc93b1-Ist2 cells and signal from internal compartments.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;9;903;suggest;These results suggest that a significant portion of TLR9 may avoid relocalization in Unc93b1-Ist2 cells and signal from internal compartments.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;10;1023;possible;To gain insight into the possible role of this association in nucleolar organization, we purified native Cohibin and INM proteins using tandem affinity purification (TAP).;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;10;1078;suggest;Together, these results suggest that Heh1 and Lrs4, and to a lesser extent Sir2, are required for sequestration of rDNA in the peripherally located nucleolus, and show that loss of sequestration correlates with increased repeat instability (Fig. 2) and Rad52 recombination foci.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;17;1842;whether;To determine whether the tumor cells of 933124 were typical of M1 AML, we compared the expression signatures of 111 de novo AML cases using unsupervised clustering (Ward’s method, see Materials and Methods).;Nature;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;20;2302;when;However, information from both is combined in ventromedial prefrontal cortex when making a decision.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;21;2370;could;Notably, CD62L, SWAP-70 and CD69 have known functions in lymphocyte homing and migration, suggesting that these gene expression changes could regulate the localization of developing lymphocytes with Rag DSBs22–26.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;21;2370;suggesting;Notably, CD62L, SWAP-70 and CD69 have known functions in lymphocyte homing and migration, suggesting that these gene expression changes could regulate the localization of developing lymphocytes with Rag DSBs22–26.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;22;2480;likely;Also removed were proteins that while likely not palmitoylated, are nonetheless detected by ABE due to their biochemical usage of thioester linkages, a category that includes several ubiquitin conjugases/ligases, as well as enzymes utilizing either lipoic acid or phosphopantetheine prostheses (Suppl. Table 6).;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;22;2604;potentially;The two forms also differ with regard to their regulatory potential, with Cdc42-palm potentially controllable by reversible palmitoylation.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;22;2604;potential;The two forms also differ with regard to their regulatory potential, with Cdc42-palm potentially controllable by reversible palmitoylation.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;24;2820;if;If it is not stable, then the remaining parameter region where CP is stable and more efficient than DD is very small or non-existent.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;25;2886;appear;Thus, rapid evolution of primate PKR did not appear to significantly alter eIF2α recognition, but resulted in considerable differences in susceptibility to K3L.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;25;2916;might;The fact that Phe394 is fixed in numerous species, including the new world monkeys we sampled, suggests that phenylalanine rather than leucine might confer resistance against substrate mimics different from the two we tested in this study.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;25;2916;suggests;The fact that Phe394 is fixed in numerous species, including the new world monkeys we sampled, suggests that phenylalanine rather than leucine might confer resistance against substrate mimics different from the two we tested in this study.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;25;2926;can;This strategy involves not only positive selection, but also multiple discrimination interfaces (αE and αG helices) and a combinatorial outcome of resistance or susceptibility based on these surfaces, which together can increase discrimination against rapidly evolving mimics.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;32;3626;possibly;This region appears to be more stable in general in the DhPylRS context, possibly explaining why the DhPylRS shows higher aminoacylation yield than the homologous fragment of the M. mazei enzyme (Supplementary Fig. 2).;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;34;3795;hypothesis;This motivates a new hypothesis, that sensory memories can act offline (indirectly) on sensorimotor performance via spontaneous activity.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;34;3795;can;This motivates a new hypothesis, that sensory memories can act offline (indirectly) on sensorimotor performance via spontaneous activity.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;35;3885;may;Stabilization of T-B interactions may rely on a T cell-autonomous mechanism orchestrated by SAP and its associated SLAM family molecules at the cell-cell interface, while stable T-DC association might be actively promoted via DC-mediated mechanisms, such as those involving cytoskeletal and membrane mechanics38,39.;Nature;N;NA;NA;4:Conclusion;NA;NA
db;35;3885;might;Stabilization of T-B interactions may rely on a T cell-autonomous mechanism orchestrated by SAP and its associated SLAM family molecules at the cell-cell interface, while stable T-DC association might be actively promoted via DC-mediated mechanisms, such as those involving cytoskeletal and membrane mechanics38,39.;Nature;N;NA;NA;4:Conclusion;NA;NA
db;36;4005;will;This survey of S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus population genomics reveals extensive differences in genomic and phenotypic variation despite ecological similarities and will allow rapid fine mapping of the genetic determinants.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;39;4231;may;Altogether these data suggest that the Tie2+c-Kit+CD41- progenitor population detected in gastrulating embryos may represent an intermediate between the haemangioblast, predominantly found in the primitive streak8, and the haematopoietic precursors found in the yolk sac26.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;39;4231;suggest;Altogether these data suggest that the Tie2+c-Kit+CD41- progenitor population detected in gastrulating embryos may represent an intermediate between the haemangioblast, predominantly found in the primitive streak8, and the haematopoietic precursors found in the yolk sac26.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;41;4416;would;The ability of the interaction to tolerate some variation in the residues at the interface would clearly be immunologically advantageous.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;41;4437;could;Interestingly, the high affinity interaction between fH and fHbp suggests that N. meningitidis could rapidly sequester fH in the plasma, depleting the circulating levels and de-regulating complement, rendering host cells in the vascular compartment more susceptible to complement-mediated damage.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;41;4437;suggests;Interestingly, the high affinity interaction between fH and fHbp suggests that N. meningitidis could rapidly sequester fH in the plasma, depleting the circulating levels and de-regulating complement, rendering host cells in the vascular compartment more susceptible to complement-mediated damage.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;45;4921;can;In yeast the function of an otherwise essential DEAD box helicase, Prp28p, can be bypassed by mutations in U1 snRNA or U1C39.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;60;6482;if;While immune complexes are known to activate FcγR leading to phagocytosis and cytokine secretion, it is not clear if pentraxins induce similar FcγR activation7, 8.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;60;6534;could;The side chain of Arg but not His 131 could form hydrogen bonds with the main chains of Gly 178 and Pro 179 from CRP.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;63;6933;when;This Eya enzyme showed robust phosphatase activity when mixed with a synthetic phosphopeptide representing the C-terminal tail domain of H2AX (CT-pep) phosphorylated on tyrosine, but showed minimal activity toward a serine phosphorylated tail peptide (Fig. 4f).;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;64;7070;can;Similarity to WT songs increased over 3–4 generations, as can be appreciated from the audio in Supplementary 1 and the three examples of multiple generations of recursive tutoring in Fig.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;66;7297;whether;We next asked whether JARID1APHD3 recognizes histone methylation.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;68;7545;may;However, a smooth map for ocular dominance may serve as a scaffold for the formation of disparity maps.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;69;7652;might;Since aging leads to decreased Sir2, we predicted that, in young cells, loss or inhibition of Sir2 might increase H4K16ac and reduce histones at telomeric X elements.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;71;8051;could;In light of the above result, it is possible that the activation of DM5 alone mediates aversion, or that activation of DM5 together with other specific glomeruli could mediate aversion.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;71;8051;possible;In light of the above result, it is possible that the activation of DM5 alone mediates aversion, or that activation of DM5 together with other specific glomeruli could mediate aversion.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;71;8061;when;Conversely, when we selectively restored function in the DM5 ORNs, the result was an aversion to ethyl butyrate, with a PI of −34% (Fig. 6a).;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;72;8126;seems;Others suggested that IP3R are clustered in the nuclear envelope11,12, but it seems likely that in making repeated recordings from the same nucleus they stimulated nuclei with IP3 before recording and thereby caused IP3R clustering (see below).;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;1:past;2:unquantified
db;72;8126;likely;Others suggested that IP3R are clustered in the nuclear envelope11,12, but it seems likely that in making repeated recordings from the same nucleus they stimulated nuclei with IP3 before recording and thereby caused IP3R clustering (see below).;Nature;Y;3:both;1:epi;5:Others;1:past;2:unquantified
db;72;8195;may;Under physiological conditions, clustered IP3R are more likely to experience increased [Ca2+] (because their neighbours may release it), and they are also tuned to respond most to it.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;72;8195;likely;Under physiological conditions, clustered IP3R are more likely to experience increased [Ca2+] (because their neighbours may release it), and they are also tuned to respond most to it.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;72;8195;more likely;Under physiological conditions, clustered IP3R are more likely to experience increased [Ca2+] (because their neighbours may release it), and they are also tuned to respond most to it.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;74;8420;might;Curiously, spiking activity did not increase overall but was more likely to be observed at a specific phase of these slow oscillations, suggesting that the relationship between working memory and spiking activity might go beyond simple changes in firing rate.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;74;8420;suggesting;Curiously, spiking activity did not increase overall but was more likely to be observed at a specific phase of these slow oscillations, suggesting that the relationship between working memory and spiking activity might go beyond simple changes in firing rate.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;74;8420;likely;Curiously, spiking activity did not increase overall but was more likely to be observed at a specific phase of these slow oscillations, suggesting that the relationship between working memory and spiking activity might go beyond simple changes in firing rate.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;74;8420;more likely;Curiously, spiking activity did not increase overall but was more likely to be observed at a specific phase of these slow oscillations, suggesting that the relationship between working memory and spiking activity might go beyond simple changes in firing rate.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;76;8721;may;This may have lead to an overestimation of the Popen within a burst.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;2:Methods;1:past;2:unquantified
db;78;8837;can;Collectively these data demonstrate that CCR3 activation can promote multiple steps of angiogenesis.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;78;8868;could;We tested whether fundus angiography following intravenous injection of QDot-CCR3 Fab could detect subretinal CNV in these mice.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;78;8868;whether;We tested whether fundus angiography following intravenous injection of QDot-CCR3 Fab could detect subretinal CNV in these mice.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;80;9031;if;If a similar increase in attention were to occur in TRN, however, Crick’s hypothesized interaction between TRN and LGN encounters a problem: TRN inhibits LGN.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;85;9764;can;The onset of spoIIR expression can be compared in the same cell to that of another, non-delayed, σF-dependent promoter controlling cfp expression (Figs. 3a,S2).;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;86;9884;will;This inference is consistent with the measured value of nmin at limiting [ATP] since reversibility in binding or differences in binding rates will decrease the observed value of nmin from the actual number of binding events34.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;86;9982;assuming;By assuming a Poisson distribution, it was determined that this dead-time algorithm introduces negligible systematic errors in the calculated moments for all reported distributions.;Nature;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;88;10189;may;This discrepancy may be due to the difference in sample preparation (acute slices vs. cultured slices), in the population of CaMKII measured (whole lysate including soma vs. single synapses) or in stimulation paradigms: most of the previous biochemical studies used strong stimulations to induce LTP in a large number of synapses, whereas we induced LTP in a single synapse.;Nature;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;90;10443;suggest;Two observations suggest that modulation of electrostatic interactions by the high concentration of phosphate ions is a significant factor.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;90;10446;must;"The electrostatic repulsions encurred by these juxtapositions – which are stronger for the pentamer in which the residues are closer - must be overcome for the rings to form; perhaps, this is accomplished by a charge-screening effect of the phosphate ions.";Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;90;10446;perhaps;"The electrostatic repulsions encurred by these juxtapositions – which are stronger for the pentamer in which the residues are closer - must be overcome for the rings to form; perhaps, this is accomplished by a charge-screening effect of the phosphate ions.";Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;93;10817;likely;Our observation that a 10°C cooling of RA produces a 2.5-fold reduction in the intrinsic oscillation frequency of RA neurons, while the same manipulation had no detectable effect on song structure or timing, implies that these oscillations are not likely to be a source of dynamics underlying song production.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;93;10817;not likely;Our observation that a 10°C cooling of RA produces a 2.5-fold reduction in the intrinsic oscillation frequency of RA neurons, while the same manipulation had no detectable effect on song structure or timing, implies that these oscillations are not likely to be a source of dynamics underlying song production.;Nature;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;126;15796;will;"Disease control theory focuses on an quantity called the reproductive ratio, designated here as R 0 at the start of the outbreak and, if changing over time, Rt at time t. Outbreaks are considered to be under control when Rt<1, implying that outbreak conditions are such that on average disease prevalence will decline.";PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;126;15796;if;"Disease control theory focuses on an quantity called the reproductive ratio, designated here as R 0 at the start of the outbreak and, if changing over time, Rt at time t. Outbreaks are considered to be under control when Rt<1, implying that outbreak conditions are such that on average disease prevalence will decline.";PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;126;15796;when;"Disease control theory focuses on an quantity called the reproductive ratio, designated here as R 0 at the start of the outbreak and, if changing over time, Rt at time t. Outbreaks are considered to be under control when Rt<1, implying that outbreak conditions are such that on average disease prevalence will decline.";PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;129;16413;likelihood;In this test, a likelihood ratio test statistic is calculated for the ‘two tree’ versus ‘one tree’ models, and compared to a null distribution generated by non-parametric bootstrapping (see Methods).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;134;17218;if;Conscientiousness, self-motivation, and self-discipline are essential to adhere to a chosen long term goal even if it violates immediate needs and such factors have long been implied as important determinants of exercise behavior [24].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;135;17258;can;There is no rapid technology available that can sensitively and quantitatively monitor this highly diverse T-cell receptor repertoire.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;144;18642;would;In this case, the left and right wings of individual flies would not be correlated, and the variance for individuals, var(0.5(right+left)), would be one-quarter of the variance for asymmetry, var(right−left).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;144;18642;would not;In this case, the left and right wings of individual flies would not be correlated, and the variance for individuals, var(0.5(right+left)), would be one-quarter of the variance for asymmetry, var(right−left).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;145;18849;apparently;Indeed, convicted clients who attended “john school” (a program where clients are presented with information on the harms of prostitution to prostitutes, communities, and clients) following a court order in Portland, Oregon, had a similar patronizing reconviction rate as temporally-matched convicted clients who were not ordered to attend but were apparently otherwise similar [29].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;148;19271;could;Altogether, our results suggest that the adipose tissue might constitute one important mycobacterial reservoir in which the tubercle bacillus could persist in a dormancy-like state and avoid both anti-mycobacterial drugs and host defence mechanisms.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;148;19271;might;Altogether, our results suggest that the adipose tissue might constitute one important mycobacterial reservoir in which the tubercle bacillus could persist in a dormancy-like state and avoid both anti-mycobacterial drugs and host defence mechanisms.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;148;19271;suggest;Altogether, our results suggest that the adipose tissue might constitute one important mycobacterial reservoir in which the tubercle bacillus could persist in a dormancy-like state and avoid both anti-mycobacterial drugs and host defence mechanisms.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;153;20048;will;As recently summarized by Pitnick et al. [7], the sexual conflict hypothesis predicts species with promiscuous breeding will have larger relative brain sizes than those who breed monogamously.;PLoS One;Y;2:former;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;153;20048;hypothesis;As recently summarized by Pitnick et al. [7], the sexual conflict hypothesis predicts species with promiscuous breeding will have larger relative brain sizes than those who breed monogamously.;PLoS One;Y;2:former;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;166;22285;possible;It also implies the limitations of nonrandomized observational studies (i.e., unsuspected selection biases and confounding), and possible inaccuracy in assigning causes of death by certificates.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;167;22339;whether;In order to discern in the simpler RMCE system whether the structure of the reporter gene uniquely determined expression or allowed variegation, we examined μ expression by multiple independent replacements with the same reporter gene (Table 1).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;167;22459;when;In the analyses of Bright and SatB2, MAR DNA stimulated expression only when the reporter was cotransfected with an expression vector for either Bright of SatB2 [11], [23].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;168;22561;will;Then, autonomous and non-autonomous signals pattern the mesoderm, allocating regions from which progenitors of the different mesodermal tissues, such as the somatic muscles and heart, will arise [2]–[4].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;173;23533;may;First, differential sequencing coverage and genome assembly quality may inflate our estimates of gene gain and loss.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;173;23558;when;The approach overcomes many of the difficulties that arise when attempting pair-wise clustering of proteins with complex domain structures [30].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;183;24870;suggest;These reports suggest that RPs have unknown functions during organogenesis.;PLoS One;Y;2:former;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;190;26095;could;The 89% identity of human and mouse CD9 protein sequences (NCBI HomoloGene database) also suggests that RoSH-like cell lines from human ESCs could be isolated by positive selection for CD9 in conjunction with negative selection for a human ESC-specific surface e.g.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;190;26095;suggests;The 89% identity of human and mouse CD9 protein sequences (NCBI HomoloGene database) also suggests that RoSH-like cell lines from human ESCs could be isolated by positive selection for CD9 in conjunction with negative selection for a human ESC-specific surface e.g.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;199;27696;consensus;To reduce the large number of targets identified by the use of degenerate consensus sequence motifs, we searched for clusters of multiple OCT binding sites within −8 kb to +2 kb from transcription start sites of all possible genes in the mouse genome.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;199;27696;possible;To reduce the large number of targets identified by the use of degenerate consensus sequence motifs, we searched for clusters of multiple OCT binding sites within −8 kb to +2 kb from transcription start sites of all possible genes in the mouse genome.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;205;28919;would;This source mechanism functions much like a baffled piston [17], and the sound from this mechanism would originate from the plane of the vent orifice [18], [19].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;205;28921;may;Letting Pp equal 10 percent of the total mean pressure, which can be approximated by ρU 2 [8], and letting r = 625 kg/m3 [16], U = 1 m/s, and r = 0.5 m, we find that pressures from pulsating flow may equal ∼3.7 Pa.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;205;28921;can;Letting Pp equal 10 percent of the total mean pressure, which can be approximated by ρU 2 [8], and letting r = 625 kg/m3 [16], U = 1 m/s, and r = 0.5 m, we find that pressures from pulsating flow may equal ∼3.7 Pa.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;212;29807;could;However, whereas RPC1 and RPAC2 could associate with the Maf11–81 truncated version containing just the A box, Brf1 only associated with the longer Maf11–142 truncated version, containing both the A and the B boxes.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;215;30410;controversial;However, the quantitative effect of DNA looping on LacR-mediated gene regulation has been highly controversial.;PLoS One;Y;2:former;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;216;30530;appear;On the other hand, the designer peptide nanofibers appear to be smooth with dimensions and pore size comparable to Matrigel, and consistent with previous reports [11]–[12].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;218;31142;when;Kas FLM promotes flowering in a Col- fri null background, but has little effect when in a functional Kas-FRI background.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;219;31194;suggesting;The relative cellular content of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), as determined by the ratio of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene to the nuclear β-F1-ATPase gene did not show significant deviations from the initially observed value (dotted line in Fig. 1A), suggesting that synthesis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA is coordinated during cell cycle progression.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;222;31880;may;Second, the deletion of palindromes may result from the formation of a cruciform structure and the subsequent processing by nucleases.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;224;32247;seem;Pets seem to be part of the lives of older people who have settled down and experience an increase in the number of illnesses, whereas young healthy single people have no time, need, or possibility for a pet.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;224;32247;possibility;Pets seem to be part of the lives of older people who have settled down and experience an increase in the number of illnesses, whereas young healthy single people have no time, need, or possibility for a pet.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;226;32665;might;To test the possibility that purified ERK/MAPK might phosphorylate recombinant cyclin D1, purified ERK2 was surely used to phosphorylate a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-cyclin D1 fusion protein (Figs. 2B and C).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;226;32665;possibility;To test the possibility that purified ERK/MAPK might phosphorylate recombinant cyclin D1, purified ERK2 was surely used to phosphorylate a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-cyclin D1 fusion protein (Figs. 2B and C).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;228;33208;would;When the prediction was carried out with miRanda software, RNAhybrid, and FindTar algorithms separately, binding sites for miR-15b and miR-16 on Construct I and miR-106a and miR-106b on Construct II would be detected by one of these algorithms.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;228;33208;when;When the prediction was carried out with miRanda software, RNAhybrid, and FindTar algorithms separately, binding sites for miR-15b and miR-16 on Construct I and miR-106a and miR-106b on Construct II would be detected by one of these algorithms.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;246;36136;when;No signal was detected when RSK2 was incubated with streptavidin-agarose alone, excluding unspecific binding in this assay.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;258;37730;may not;"It is also heavily reliant upon comparative data that may not be available; for example, when sequencing novel mtDNA lineages such as those present in the Andaman Islands[23], or phylogenetically deep-rooting genomes.";PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;258;37730;may;"It is also heavily reliant upon comparative data that may not be available; for example, when sequencing novel mtDNA lineages such as those present in the Andaman Islands[23], or phylogenetically deep-rooting genomes.";PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;258;37730;when;"It is also heavily reliant upon comparative data that may not be available; for example, when sequencing novel mtDNA lineages such as those present in the Andaman Islands[23], or phylogenetically deep-rooting genomes.";PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;258;37761;possibility;However, the simultaneous amplification of all the SNPs excludes this possibility because only single alleles have been observed and all other sites tested are consistent.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;258;37789;possible;Without comprehensive data from Myanmar it is not possible to identify whether the Andaman M31a1 arrived from India or if the Indian M31a2 came from South-East Asia.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;258;37789;if;Without comprehensive data from Myanmar it is not possible to identify whether the Andaman M31a1 arrived from India or if the Indian M31a2 came from South-East Asia.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;258;37789;whether;Without comprehensive data from Myanmar it is not possible to identify whether the Andaman M31a1 arrived from India or if the Indian M31a2 came from South-East Asia.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;271;39825;could;Out of a total of 1229 men eligible for the study, 52 had died, or suffered severe illness, or had migrated from the region, and 139 could not be contacted or refused to participate.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;277;40744;suggests;On all three trees, anthox7, anthox8a, and anthox8b form a well-supported clade exclusive of any bilaterian sequences, which suggests that these three genes arose via two gene duplications within the Cnidaria.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;277;40815;apparent;Dlx expression first becomes apparent during the later stages of gastrulation, as a circumferential ring of ectodermal cells in the center of the body column (Figure 4P).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;283;41746;whether;Differences in domain architecture among multi-domain proteins for example often have raised the question of whether these proteins are orthologous, even though they have clearly arisen, at least in part, from a common ancestor.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;284;42046;possible;One possible source of the TE encoded dsRNAs that serve as siRNA precursors is snap back panhandle structures between TIRs of autonomous DNA-type elements [20].;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;286;42332;probably;The reason for this scepticism was probably the discovery of a previously undocumented foraging strategy and predator-prey relationship: indeed, no predators were known to hunt in the open upon nocturnally migrating birds, despite the immense resource that the latter potentially represent.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;286;42332;potentially;The reason for this scepticism was probably the discovery of a previously undocumented foraging strategy and predator-prey relationship: indeed, no predators were known to hunt in the open upon nocturnally migrating birds, despite the immense resource that the latter potentially represent.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;288;42615;may;"People hesitate to admit breaking rules; but felling of green trees does occur and may be an act of “drought-induced despair”, be done by people without an attachment to the land or be a sign of cultural transformation [6], [16], [30], [31].";PLoS One;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;298;45006;may;Then, we consider the value VN(i,i)/<VN(i,j)> for each LC6, as its aggregation measure on the map for a given vicinity radius (although may be LC6's spread on different clusters).;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;305;46366;likelihood;Appendix C: Maximum Likelihood Analysis;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;664;96046;possible;Although only the submitting scientist is permitted to modify sequence data or annotations, all users are encouraged to report lags in releasing data or possible errors or omissions to GenBank at update@ncbi.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;826;119255;may;Furthermore, NMR analysis and native PAGE analysis of the loop variant (AUCGCG) suggested that the AUCGCG loop forms a kissing-loop type homodimer (data not shown) such that the Watson–Crick edges of C7, G8, C9 and G10 may allow the kissing loop–loop interaction.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;854;123911;likelihood;We used ‘pseudo-log-likelihood’ scoring, so that the magnitudes of these two terms were the logarithms of the proportions of all opposing-strand pairs that were conserved within 5 kb or not, respectively.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;946;141383;apparent;There is no apparent difference in coupling efficiency between radical precursor-containing phosphoramidite building block and conventional phosphoramidites that were used in the solid-phase synthesis.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;994;150050;consensus;C/EBPβ binds directly to the Id2 promoter sequence containing its consensus binding sites;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1018;154512;should;According to the basic premise of our work, unrelated proteins that bind DNA by an HTH motif do not share sequence similarity over the whole DNA-binding domains and, therefore, the only possible pattern relationship detectable by HMMs should be strictly at the level of the HTH motif sequence.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;1018;154512;possible;According to the basic premise of our work, unrelated proteins that bind DNA by an HTH motif do not share sequence similarity over the whole DNA-binding domains and, therefore, the only possible pattern relationship detectable by HMMs should be strictly at the level of the HTH motif sequence.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;1034;157564;could;However, there remains another unprotected 3′ end on the unlabeled hairpin strand (Figure 2) and we were concerned that nuclease attack on the 3′ end of this strand, combined with attack on the ‘top’ strand, could sufficiently destabilize the duplex structure to collapse these molecules into single-stranded oligonucleotides.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;2:Methods;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1106;170890;when;When α = 6.75, the predicted module consists of only four genes, all of which are involved in the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1132;176021;may;Unexpectedly, Mcm4/6/7 helicase is not capable of efficiently unwinding the GC-rich duplex segment, suggesting that some other mechanism may be required for completion of replication of the entire genome.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1132;176021;suggesting;Unexpectedly, Mcm4/6/7 helicase is not capable of efficiently unwinding the GC-rich duplex segment, suggesting that some other mechanism may be required for completion of replication of the entire genome.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1135;176589;when;When TFIIEβ is added to XPB, there is more released substrate (lanes 5 and 6) showing that TFIIEβ has stimulated the XPB helicase activity.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1157;180731;if;If the weight of a minimal cut is below a fraction of 0.9 of the total edge weight of the graph, the edges of the cut are removed.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;1159;181164;will;(This somewhat counter-intuitive statistical effect will be explained in Results.) This observation allowed us to develop a new method for estimating the total number of TUs in strand-biased genomes and hence to improve operon predictions (17).;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1273;195567;likely;Usually, the evolutionary conservation grade is a useful measure of the importance of a residue: for example, the catalytic center of an enzyme is highly conserved since, if a mutation occurs at that site, the catalytic activity of the enzyme is likely to be lost, leading to a decreased fitness of the organism (3).;Ncl Acd Res;Y;3:both;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;1273;195567;if;Usually, the evolutionary conservation grade is a useful measure of the importance of a residue: for example, the catalytic center of an enzyme is highly conserved since, if a mutation occurs at that site, the catalytic activity of the enzyme is likely to be lost, leading to a decreased fitness of the organism (3).;Ncl Acd Res;Y;3:both;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;1282;196311;cannot;We identify conserved regions by masking out those alignment columns that cannot be part of a valid primer.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;1302;197961;assuming;We have calculated a P-value, assuming a hyper-geometrical distribution, for each RLE to be over-represented in a given COG or KEGG pathway (11).;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;1345;201828;potentially;Distance between signatures remains to been established as a reference for phylogenetic studies, but several recent and interesting results have shown its potentially great value (15,17).;Ncl Acd Res;Y;3:both;1:epi;5:Others;1:past;2:unquantified
db;1420;213442;possible;"The nucleotide composition of the 16S rRNA sequences of a phylogenetically diverse group of cultured organisms (Group 1; Materials and Methods) was analyzed for possible correlation with their cognate optimum growth temperatures.";Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1460;221416;would;To determine whether the sequence homology would translate to a related structural fold, we performed a PSI-BLAST against the non-redundant database.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1460;221416;whether;To determine whether the sequence homology would translate to a related structural fold, we performed a PSI-BLAST against the non-redundant database.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1487;226638;can;Complete details of these tests can be found as supplementary information on our website, but we summarize here that with respect to HHAs, Typhon increases its advantage over STANDARD for mouse and fugu queries, while the relative performance of the two methods remains roughly the same with pig.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1713;271026;cannot;However, their role in the regulation of DNA methylation cannot be determined at this point.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1732;274282;if;Having established that D1 is a scaffold and that it folds independently, it was of interest to determine if there is a hierarchy in the subsequent docking of additional domains.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1744;276315;when;The putative IRES from cat-1 mRNA was similar in efficiency to BiP when dicistronic constructs were tested by DNA transfection (23).;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;1752;277908;may;The profound toxicity engendered by loss of Apn1 seen in these experiments suggests the possibility that manipulation of Apn1 in mammalian cells may improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy agents that act via thymidine depletion.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1752;277908;suggests;The profound toxicity engendered by loss of Apn1 seen in these experiments suggests the possibility that manipulation of Apn1 in mammalian cells may improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy agents that act via thymidine depletion.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1752;277908;possibility;The profound toxicity engendered by loss of Apn1 seen in these experiments suggests the possibility that manipulation of Apn1 in mammalian cells may improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy agents that act via thymidine depletion.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1801;288059;could;Such interactions, compatible only with the BMH conformation (Figure 2A), could control translation.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1845;297446;if;"Mobilization efficiencies were considered statistically significantly different from wild type if a two-sided Student's t-test gave P &lt; 0.05.";Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;1851;298566;may;Further studies of the ssDNA annealing activity of CSB may provide insight into its role in this process or other steps in TCR.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;3:future;2:unquantified
db;1856;299461;if;Hence, the unspliced CAT message is exported to the cytoplasm only if an export element, such as the PRE, overcomes the nucleocytoplasmic export of the spliced message (20).;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1863;300454;apparent;The apparent basis for this enhanced efficiency was also identified, and ascribed to the significantly higher intracellular concentrations of PS-2′F-ANA–DNA chimeras over the period of observation.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;1864;300667;could;This could be an indication in the functional up-regulation of nucleolin in response to As3+, which contributes to the stabilization of the GADD45α mRNA.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;1972;310649;can;If SCOPPI was queried for a family and not for a PDB identifier, this family always appears on the left. The ‘View’ selector to the very left above the result table is used to obtain different views on the data: to access all interaction properties including the SCOP unique identifier for each domain, it can be changed to ‘All’.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;1972;310649;if;If SCOPPI was queried for a family and not for a PDB identifier, this family always appears on the left. The ‘View’ selector to the very left above the result table is used to obtain different views on the data: to access all interaction properties including the SCOP unique identifier for each domain, it can be changed to ‘All’.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;2039;316989;might;Results with F16A NC, lacking an aromatic residue in the first finger that is known to participate in tight binding to RNA stem–loops (21), were somewhat similar to those with 2:1 and 2:2. The reduced binding of the finger-swap mutants might indicate that the fingers normally function in concert with each other.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2055;320232;when;During the simulation, switch to (70°, 230°, 80° and 180°) is observed (Figure 5A) when the shifted stacking geometry occurs (see below).;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2070;323407;should;Introducing a negative charge at this position should lead to strong charge-charge repulsions and either disrupt the dimer completely or cause a significant structural change in the monomer–monomer interactions.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2162;341613;potential;Potential miR-124 targets were computationally predicted by MirTarget.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2214;351569;if;"Gene sequences were excluded from the database if they did not contain a valid stop codon or if they contained an ORF before the stop codon of &lt;100 nt.";Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;2226;354171;may;The identity of C34 modification in intron-less tRNA-Leu (C34AA) of D.hansenii is not known but we may anticipate it is 2′-O-methyl-C34 (Cm34) as in the intron-less tRNA-Leu (Cm34AA) of Candida cylindracea and Drosophila melanogaster [see in (33)].;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2251;359270;when;Previous studies have reported that functional regulatory elements tend to be conserved when compared to a random motif or to neutral background, as is true for REST [see ref.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;2:former;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;2261;360796;potential;This exon-junction complex (EJC) provides a potential binding platform for factors involved in mRNA export and NMD (15).;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;2:alea;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2287;366045;could;Since our selection was based on a general interaction between the aptamer and polβ, a further level of selection was necessary to distinguish which of these aptamers could inhibit polymerase activity.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;3:future;2:unquantified
db;2316;371763;surprising;Among all the mutants tested the helicase activity of R505E is surprising since it is impaired in all activities, including ssDNA binding, required for unwinding.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2323;373078;can;The rate and quantity of product formation in the presence and absence of trp repressor are nearly identical when the substrate can accommodate up to four Dda molecules.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2323;373078;when;The rate and quantity of product formation in the presence and absence of trp repressor are nearly identical when the substrate can accommodate up to four Dda molecules.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2497;397158;must;PDB files must follow the standard PDB format and the server requires a TITLE, a HEADER, an ATOM and a SEQRES section.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;2520;399316;may;The exact masking style may vary depending on the purpose and on the technology requirements.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;2535;400707;potential;TFBScluster can subject candidate binding site clusters to a series of filters based upon associated gene expression, and by their location in areas of regulatory potential or active promoters.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;2535;400707;can;TFBScluster can subject candidate binding site clusters to a series of filters based upon associated gene expression, and by their location in areas of regulatory potential or active promoters.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;2585;409327;may;This higher level of selectivity in binding the viral genome may correlate with diminished ability to activate transcription.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2673;426179;contrary;However, contrary to our expectation, the extent was almost the same as that of GpUp.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2695;430761;suggest;These data suggest that Dlx2 can bind to the CAD domain and/or the 70 residues that flank the CAD domain, termed Dlx2 BD #1.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2695;430761;can;These data suggest that Dlx2 can bind to the CAD domain and/or the 70 residues that flank the CAD domain, termed Dlx2 BD #1.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2746;440729;may;Indeed, non-random distributions at −3 observed for positions −11, −12, −17 and −19 of aberrant 3′ss (Supplementary Table 2) may be explained by inefficient binding of U2AF to RNAs carrying 3′TAG as compared to 3′CAG (76) and a need for functional compensation of the former by stronger interaction of U2AF65 (or other PPT-binding proteins) with uridines at positions −11 and −12 rather than cytosines.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2764;444437;suggests;The requirement for the SV40 origin of replication for contractions and the orientation effect observed during replication of the shuttle vector in SVG-A cells suggests that CAG·CTG contractions in this system are replication-dependent.;Ncl Acd Res;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2826;457001;unexpected;A somewhat unexpected observation concerned the relationship between steady-state transcript levels and polyadenylation.;Ncl Acd Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;2923;475796;would;Within the exurban habitat class, exotic species increased with the density of houses and other structures, as would be expected from previous research [30].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2924;476186;possible;The probability density of the fitness over all possible sequences in the whole sequence space approximately follows the Gaussian distribution:3 4 5;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;2928;476657;probably;MG can modify proteins rapidly and cause cross-linking, probably changing the properties of these proteins and thus triggering intracellular responses.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;2:alea;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2928;476657;can;MG can modify proteins rapidly and cause cross-linking, probably changing the properties of these proteins and thus triggering intracellular responses.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;2:alea;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2931;477204;could;However, its applicability to human cancers associated with a stromal reaction was not universal and could not predict the outcome of gastric and lung carcinoma.;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;2937;477950;suggests;Evidence (mostly from stimulation experiments) suggests that different thermoregulatory behaviors in the rat (e.g., relaxed postural extension, thermoregulatory grooming, and locomotion) use distinct neural circuitries [2].;PLoS One;Y;2:former;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;2937;478006;surprising;The observation that lesions of the PVH had no effect on the LPS-induced warmth-seeking behavior and fever is somewhat surprising, because electrolytic and excitotoxic lesions of this structure have attenuated the febrile response to LPS in several studies [26]–[28].;PLoS One;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4330;732186;possibility;8,9 This raises the possibility of using OXPHOS inhibitors to target cancers with reduced bioenergetic capacity and/or defects in energy-sensing control systems.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;4330;732356;appear;39,40 Reduced biosynthetic metabolism, combined with reduced mitochondrial NADH production and an inability to activate AMPK signaling, appear to sensitize miR-17∼92-expressing lymphoma cells to metabolic stress.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4332;732787;to our knowledge;Our results indicating that ebselen improves microbiome recovery after standard-of-care antibiotic treatment is intriguing because, to our knowledge, all other reported therapies that improve microbial diversity are microbiota-based therapies, such as SER-10938 or FMT.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4333;732909;likely;We dissected the clonal evolution of high-confidence somatic mutations and focal copy-number amplifications in cancer-related genes that likely mediate osimertinib resistance.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4338;734428;potential;These studies highlight the promising diagnostic potential of endogenous fluorescence and scattering-based contrast and the performance improvements that can be achieved by combining biochemical and morphological information.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4338;734428;can;These studies highlight the promising diagnostic potential of endogenous fluorescence and scattering-based contrast and the performance improvements that can be achieved by combining biochemical and morphological information.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4338;734454;may;Incorporation of a larger number of specimens and conditions such as squamous metaplasia and inflammation may reveal that additional pertinent classification features may need to be incorporated in the currently developed algorithms to account for the greater variety of benign changes and variations in age and menopausal and hormonal status.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;3:future;2:unquantified
db;4346;736659;apparent;Indeed, it has become more apparent that a significant subset of MB relapses, particularly late relapses, are, in fact, radiation-induced glioblastoma, but our one relapse is still a WNT MB 15 years after diagnosis.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4346;736709;can;Complete subject data can be found in Table S1, with details of statistical tests found in the figure legends and table footers.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;4355;739176;can;However, previous studies by other groups and our group37, 38, 39 demonstrated 15-mer as a non-inferior T cell stimulation source, and appropriate experimental setup can avoid underestimation.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4359;739751;could;To investigate whether oral administration of SARS-CoV-2 could establish infection and what the differences in the disease course are compared to i.n.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;4359;739751;whether;To investigate whether oral administration of SARS-CoV-2 could establish infection and what the differences in the disease course are compared to i.n.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;4372;743985;when;"Kinases were scored separately for significance in each clinical parameter (TNM staging and histological grade when available; see Method Details).";Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4372;744020;will;The CKI scores for each cancer for this kinase will be generated in table form, along with TDL, rank, kinase group and family, and whether or not this kinase has an approved drug MOA.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4372;744020;whether;The CKI scores for each cancer for this kinase will be generated in table form, along with TDL, rank, kinase group and family, and whether or not this kinase has an approved drug MOA.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4372;744029;suggests;Comparing the average CKI scores of “understudied” versus “studied” kinases across all cancers and within individual cancer cohorts suggests that there are many understudied kinases with clinical relevance comparable to currently approved kinase drug targets.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4374;744559;when;39 These results are consistent with PDL1 being upregulated in β-like cells when treated with activated T cell-conditioned medium or cocultured with cognitive T cells (Figure 6).;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4376;745089;potential;In addition, stress is well established as a potential trigger for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),16, 17, 18 a common human GI disorder that is characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel patterns.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;4383;747048;possible;An important motivation for this study was to better understand the possible limitations of the current models to help shape the direction of future development.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4384;747382;may;PEGylation of FGF21, as in pegbelfermin, may have altered its bio-distribution, reducing exposure in the periphery relative to the liver, as shown with PEGylated insulin.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4387;748176;may;Thus, CD103+CD8+ TRM cells could be considered potential biomarkers when selecting patients who may benefit from ICB.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4387;748176;could;Thus, CD103+CD8+ TRM cells could be considered potential biomarkers when selecting patients who may benefit from ICB.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4387;748176;potential;Thus, CD103+CD8+ TRM cells could be considered potential biomarkers when selecting patients who may benefit from ICB.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4387;748176;when;Thus, CD103+CD8+ TRM cells could be considered potential biomarkers when selecting patients who may benefit from ICB.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4389;749146;can;This can therefore increase the chances to control HBV in HBV/HDV-co-infected individuals.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4392;749929;unlikely;Further validation is provided by the stent-associated microbiota being dominated by common urinary bacteria, which is unlikely to have originated from skin or gut contamination during placement.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4392;749964;may;Thus, the identified metadata factors associated with microbiota variability in this study may be cohort specific.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4396;750816;can;Figure 5Topical ASA Creams Can Improve Adult HI Skin Differentiation(A) Overview of experimental design.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4396;750936;likely;Moreover, cutaneous phenotypes in HI patients develop over a longer time course and likely involve inflammatory responses directed in part by the environmental challenges to which an individual is exposed.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4401;752247;potential;In this study, we wanted to interrogate the effect of inhibiting KRAS and its downstream effector pathways to determine effects on PDAC tumor growth, with an emphasis on identifying potential resistance mechanisms.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4406;754002;suggesting;The length of the second stage was in fact shorter in infants with persistent Bacteroides colonization (Tables S1A and S1B), suggesting that the persistence of Bacteroides colonization is not a result of vaginal exposure.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4406;754086;may;Due to the within- and between-individual variability in composition of the gut microbiota, our sample size may be too small to identify the more subtle differences between groups.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4409;754863;may not;In addition, the lower amount of data around the time of diagnosis in the PDA likely reflects the fact that the PDA sites are referral centers, so patients are diagnosed elsewhere and their data from diagnosis may not be available for entry into the database.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4409;754863;may;In addition, the lower amount of data around the time of diagnosis in the PDA likely reflects the fact that the PDA sites are referral centers, so patients are diagnosed elsewhere and their data from diagnosis may not be available for entry into the database.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4409;754863;likely;In addition, the lower amount of data around the time of diagnosis in the PDA likely reflects the fact that the PDA sites are referral centers, so patients are diagnosed elsewhere and their data from diagnosis may not be available for entry into the database.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4409;754889;potential;To address this potential bias, family members of deceased CD patients are invited to enroll these patients into the PPA.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4411;755350;may;No significant differences in EC proliferation were observed using complete EC growth medium (full) that in addition to VEGF also contained basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), indicating that FOSB overexpression caused by the SERPINE1-FOSB fusion may result in a VEGF-independent growth advantage for ECs.;Cell Rep Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4414;756100;may;In addition, TRPV1 gene deletion did not inhibit the NaT-induced elevation of serum amylase concentrations, suggesting that this effect of NaT is a direct one on pancreatic acinar cells that does not involve proinflammatory neurotransmitter release secondary to TRPV1 activation, although some other pathway involving a TRPV1-expressing cell type may be involved because RTX treatment, which causes desensitization or loss of TRPV1-expressing cells, did significantly reduce NaT-induced edema.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4414;756100;suggesting;In addition, TRPV1 gene deletion did not inhibit the NaT-induced elevation of serum amylase concentrations, suggesting that this effect of NaT is a direct one on pancreatic acinar cells that does not involve proinflammatory neurotransmitter release secondary to TRPV1 activation, although some other pathway involving a TRPV1-expressing cell type may be involved because RTX treatment, which causes desensitization or loss of TRPV1-expressing cells, did significantly reduce NaT-induced edema.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4420;757398;when;CD25+CD4+ Treg and WT B cells each suppressed IFNγ-secretion, and when added together, the degree of suppression was greater (Figure 4C).;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4427;758588;suggesting;None of the patients had systemic disease including thyroid disease or chronic infections, suggesting that defects were confined to the intestinal epithelium.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4431;759565;might;30, 31 Thus, the concentration of Ucn available intracellularly or in the microenvironment might play a critical role in CRHR2-driven pro/anti-inflammatory responses.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4437;760677;suggesting;Enteric glia from GFAP::hM3Dq mice and WT littermates exhibited comparable purine-evoked Ca2+ responses (adenosine diphosphate [ADP], 100 μM, data not shown), suggesting that the expression of endogenous receptor pathways is not significantly altered in this transgenic line.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4447;762879;could;The presence of internalized bacteria at early time points indicated that activation of signaling could be the consequence of internalization (see Figure 4C).;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4448;763135;possible;It is possible that this methodology optimizes yield, and purity, of the molecules of interest (ie, human mRNAs) in the complex milieu of the fecal biomass.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4449;763263;if;To determine if Wnt signaling is affected by loss of Foxl1+ cells, we evaluated nuclear β-catenin staining.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4450;763356;if;The script calculates the Grubbs statistic for the spot farthest from the mean of the replicates and rejects the spot if the Grubbs statistic exceeds a preset threshold, using P < .;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;4451;763532;if;For fused villi quantitation, a villus structure was considered fused if the apical membrane of a villus was observed on exiting the crypt (as marked by ezrin immunostaining), but later was lost in conjunction with a neighboring villus.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;4451;763592;when;However, when ezrin-positive inclusions were observed in the distal intestine, they usually also stained for DPPIV (Figure 4E).;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4451;763676;may;Although, as previously noted, disruption of villi structure and resulting disorganization of enterocytes may obscure subtle changes in localization of these basolateral proteins, no significant changes were found in the localization of basolateral proteins.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4453;764204;would;GATA4 thereby indirectly would influence villus morphogenesis indirectly by regulating proliferation.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4455;764617;may;We propose that the excess of HFD, containing palmitate, may chronically enhance the neuronal TLR4 signaling in the colonic myenteric plexus.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4456;764892;suggest;Collectively, these results suggest that Lcn2KO mice harbor not only quantitatively more and distinct microbial community in the gut, but a colitogenic microbiota that is transmissible and can exacerbate spontaneous colitis in susceptible hosts such as Il10KO mice.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4456;764892;can;Collectively, these results suggest that Lcn2KO mice harbor not only quantitatively more and distinct microbial community in the gut, but a colitogenic microbiota that is transmissible and can exacerbate spontaneous colitis in susceptible hosts such as Il10KO mice.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4470;766105;could;Because of the rapidity with which we could obtain these cells, we could implant them into aneuronal muscle explants from the same individual.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4477;767451;suggesting;"ZnT2-null mice had significantly greater CFUs compared with wt mice (P &lt; .05), suggesting less antibacterial activity (Figure 9A).";Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4484;768015;may;Sunday, May 22, 2016: “Receptor Signaling” and “Metabolic Signaling.”;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;4484;768036;will;Other topics will include the role of gene fusions in esophageal adenocarcinoma and circulating neuroendocrine gene transcripts that predict the progression and recurrence of these tumors after surgery.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4484;768108;may;Saturday, May 21, 2016: “Understanding the Microbial Host Interaction” (Chairs: Jonathan Jacobs and Nicholas O. Davidson), “Inflammation, Injury and Repair Mechanisms in the Gut” (Chairs: Peter Higgins and Georg Lamprecht), and “Host Commensal Microbes, Cross-Talk and Synergy” (Chairs: Gary D. Wu and Neelendu Dey).;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;4484;768135;may;The clinical symposium on Saturday, May 21, 2016, is focused on “Controversies in Autoimmune Liver Disease.” A panel of speakers will discuss topics including “Refractory AIH (Michael Heneghan), “Overlap Syndromes with PBC/PSC [Primary Biliary Cirrhosis/Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis] (Marilyn Mayo), and “Recurrent Disease After LT” (Aldo Montano-Loza).;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;4484;768135;will;The clinical symposium on Saturday, May 21, 2016, is focused on “Controversies in Autoimmune Liver Disease.” A panel of speakers will discuss topics including “Refractory AIH (Michael Heneghan), “Overlap Syndromes with PBC/PSC [Primary Biliary Cirrhosis/Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis] (Marilyn Mayo), and “Recurrent Disease After LT” (Aldo Montano-Loza).;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;4484;768137;will;This symposium will highlight those challenges and best approaches for management of these complex patients.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;4490;769066;might;25 Thus, the small increase in IL8 secretion induced by LPS in the squamous biopsy specimens of Verbeek et al25 might have resulted from TLR4 signaling in inflammatory or stromal cells, rather than in squamous cells.;Cell Mol GH;Y;2:former;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;4490;769083;suggest;35, 40 In our studies in Barrett’s cells, MitoSOX Red immunostaining showed that LPS significantly increased mitochondrial ROS production, which was eliminated by treatment with the mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO, but not by treatment with the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242. These findings suggest that the LPS-induced generation of mitochondrial ROS in Barrett’s cells does not rely on TLR4/NF-κB signaling.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4491;769384;potential;However, therapeutic administration studies provide a more appropriate context to assess the potential for clinical relevance with respect to arresting or reversing established fibrosis.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4503;770557;potential;ICC have been shown to regulate membrane potential and by doing so to act as a rheostat, setting the local efficiency of excitation-contractility coupling.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4504;770592;suggests;17, 18 In view of emerging concepts of intestinal ecology, this suggests that the metaproteome reflects the human contribution to the mucosal habitat.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;5:Others;NA;NA
db;4506;771249;may;Our data show that there is an emergence of SPEM cells at the base of the glands at the ulcer margin, which may play a fundamental role in the regeneration of the gastric epithelium.;Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4506;771281;may;32 Our data suggest that SPEM may represent the major reparative lineage responsible for wound healing after severe gastric ulceration.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4506;771281;suggest;32 Our data suggest that SPEM may represent the major reparative lineage responsible for wound healing after severe gastric ulceration.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4516;772314;would;"In control fibroblast cell lines, we identified a trend toward increased thrombospondin 2 protein expression in individuals heterozygous (AG; mean fold difference over control, 5.72; n = 5) and homozygous (AA; mean fold difference over control, 7.65; n = 2) for the risk allele compared with those homozygous for the nonrisk allele (GG; mean fold difference over control, 2.10; n = 3), which would support our hypothesis (Figure 8A).";Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4516;772314;hypothesis;"In control fibroblast cell lines, we identified a trend toward increased thrombospondin 2 protein expression in individuals heterozygous (AG; mean fold difference over control, 5.72; n = 5) and homozygous (AA; mean fold difference over control, 7.65; n = 2) for the risk allele compared with those homozygous for the nonrisk allele (GG; mean fold difference over control, 2.10; n = 3), which would support our hypothesis (Figure 8A).";Cell Mol GH;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;4519;772791;might;For example, the gut microbiota that can shape the intestinal environment driving homeostasis or inflammation56 might be impacted by CD36 deficiency.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;4519;772791;can;For example, the gut microbiota that can shape the intestinal environment driving homeostasis or inflammation56 might be impacted by CD36 deficiency.;Cell Mol GH;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;5983;930498;whether;Then, we classified all reviews by whether they were concerned with the understanding of healthcare in humans.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;5984;930685;may;For infant patients who die with a CCC, a hospital-based service system may be well situated to deliver timely and continuous P-EOL-B services, given the likelihood of early and extensive hospitalization for these children.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;5984;930685;likelihood;For infant patients who die with a CCC, a hospital-based service system may be well situated to deliver timely and continuous P-EOL-B services, given the likelihood of early and extensive hospitalization for these children.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;5985;930746;if;"The risk factors were deemed to be ""present"" if one or more of the statements were considered within each domain (Table 1 [see Additional file 1]).";BMC Med;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;5987;931096;should;Hence, molecular mechanisms that have the potential to affect vascular endothelial function should be targeted for involvement in migraine susceptibility.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;5987;931096;potential;Hence, molecular mechanisms that have the potential to affect vascular endothelial function should be targeted for involvement in migraine susceptibility.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;5992;931963;would;Given that our definition of renal involvement is acting as a surrogate marker for the much rarer, and clinically relevant, outcome of chronic renal insufficiency, it was felt that a 50% reduction would be necessary to be considered significant.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;1:quantified
db;5992;931980;possible;It is possible that corticosteroids prevent some acute gastrointestinal complications.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;4:Conclusion;2:present;2:unquantified
db;5996;932536;can;This can be overcome using cells engineered to overexpress certain membrane transporters, as demonstrated in this study.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6002;933497;may not;"Thus, while Jablensky commented that ""a small number of populations have been identified that clearly deviate from this central tendency"" [5], the data suggest that the number of studies that 'deviate' may not be so small, and that this deviation is predominantly for high rates, rather than low rates.";BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6002;933497;may;"Thus, while Jablensky commented that ""a small number of populations have been identified that clearly deviate from this central tendency"" [5], the data suggest that the number of studies that 'deviate' may not be so small, and that this deviation is predominantly for high rates, rather than low rates.";BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6002;933497;suggest;"Thus, while Jablensky commented that ""a small number of populations have been identified that clearly deviate from this central tendency"" [5], the data suggest that the number of studies that 'deviate' may not be so small, and that this deviation is predominantly for high rates, rather than low rates.";BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6008;934574;may;Thus we do not know which of the several signaling pathways affected by Ras may be responsible for growth selection of tumor cells containing H-Ras mutations.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6012;935247;must;However, such visuals must be developed with the specific population in mind and by community members in order to ensure their positive impact on understanding [13].;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;4:Conclusion;NA;NA
db;6013;935405;would;Given this information, we would continue to recommend a healthy diet and exercise, but might decide that cholesterol-lowering medication is unnecessary [1], and that the benefits of aspirin in terms of CHD prevention do not outweigh the risk of hemorrhagic stroke associated with aspirin use [2].;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6013;935405;might;Given this information, we would continue to recommend a healthy diet and exercise, but might decide that cholesterol-lowering medication is unnecessary [1], and that the benefits of aspirin in terms of CHD prevention do not outweigh the risk of hemorrhagic stroke associated with aspirin use [2].;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6015;935758;seem;In contrast we have not found any correlation of undergraduate or postgraduate academic achievement with personality [15], and although some studies have found correlations of conscientiousness with academic achievement [33], this does seem to vary according to the learning context [34,35].;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6016;935817;when;In 2001 this pattern changed when PT 14b increased among travellers from several countries in Southern Europe (Figure 3b).;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6016;935840;may;The detection of new, emerging strains in travellers after returning to their home countries may therefore be helpful in detecting changes in the pathogen reservoir occurring in the countries visited, especially in tourist destinations.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6018;936203;whether;"To investigate whether the observed antiviral effects of THC are mediated through the cannabinoid receptors, two antagonists of THC, SR141716A (which acts on CB1) and SR144528 (which inhibits CB2; a gift from Dr. Pierre Casallas, Sanofi Recherche), were tested in the standard BCBL-1 KSHV reactivation assay (Figure 7).";BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6019;936381;likely;A likely candidate is malaria infection.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6022;936835;would;The authors recommend that research to determine the criteria that would identify patients likely to benefit from neoadjuvant chemoradiation be undertaken.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;3:future;2:unquantified
db;6022;936835;likely;The authors recommend that research to determine the criteria that would identify patients likely to benefit from neoadjuvant chemoradiation be undertaken.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;3:future;2:unquantified
db;6026;937322;may;It must be recognized that where treatment is common these data may understate the true values, although this effect is likely to be small when the population is considered as a whole.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6026;937322;must;It must be recognized that where treatment is common these data may understate the true values, although this effect is likely to be small when the population is considered as a whole.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6026;937322;likely;It must be recognized that where treatment is common these data may understate the true values, although this effect is likely to be small when the population is considered as a whole.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6026;937322;when;It must be recognized that where treatment is common these data may understate the true values, although this effect is likely to be small when the population is considered as a whole.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6031;938028;may;Also, sufferers may experience a change in predominant symptom profile over time between dyspepsia and IBS, but much less towards GERS [2].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6033;938359;likely;For example, it is known that GPs are more likely to detect a mental disorder if the patient presents the symptoms in psychological rather than somatic terms [9,10], and if the patient explicitly raises the possibility of a mental disorder with the GP [11,12].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6033;938359;more likely;For example, it is known that GPs are more likely to detect a mental disorder if the patient presents the symptoms in psychological rather than somatic terms [9,10], and if the patient explicitly raises the possibility of a mental disorder with the GP [11,12].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6033;938359;possibility;For example, it is known that GPs are more likely to detect a mental disorder if the patient presents the symptoms in psychological rather than somatic terms [9,10], and if the patient explicitly raises the possibility of a mental disorder with the GP [11,12].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6033;938359;if;For example, it is known that GPs are more likely to detect a mental disorder if the patient presents the symptoms in psychological rather than somatic terms [9,10], and if the patient explicitly raises the possibility of a mental disorder with the GP [11,12].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6034;938771;whether;It is unknown whether these missing data have influenced the results.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6035;938867;when;When significant at the p < 0.05 level, a t-test was performed on a pairwise basis.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;6039;939362;to our knowledge;To our knowledge, all previous studies have been cross-sectional.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6044;940367;possible;However, the IES is a psychological trauma test and is recommended for screening possible PTSD sufferers [19].;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6049;940984;likely;"The differences reported between responders and non-responders at the six month follow-up [5] were also apparent at the longer-term follow-up; responders at 4–6 years more likely to have been married, to be older, to be better educated and to have higher family incomes at recruitment than non-responders (Table 1).";BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6049;940984;more likely;"The differences reported between responders and non-responders at the six month follow-up [5] were also apparent at the longer-term follow-up; responders at 4–6 years more likely to have been married, to be older, to be better educated and to have higher family incomes at recruitment than non-responders (Table 1).";BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6049;940984;apparent;"The differences reported between responders and non-responders at the six month follow-up [5] were also apparent at the longer-term follow-up; responders at 4–6 years more likely to have been married, to be older, to be better educated and to have higher family incomes at recruitment than non-responders (Table 1).";BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6073;944652;can;During curative-intended radiation treatment of solid cancer, many patients experience grade 2+ skin toxicity, which can cause treatment gaps and thus limit the curability of the cancer.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6074;944829;would;Moreover, among those who did screen for microalbuminuria, only about a third would concomitantly obtain a urine creatinine concentration to normalize the albumin result (family medicine trainees: 19%, internal medicine trainees: 37%), as recommended by both the NKF and ADA [27,41].;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6076;945144;if;We also considered the case if the travel restrictions were not obeyed wholly by the public.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;6081;945886;could;To further test the hypothesis that tumor cells realign the collagenous matrix to facilitate local invasion, we determined whether tumor cells could reorganize a random collagen matrix.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6081;945886;hypothesis;To further test the hypothesis that tumor cells realign the collagenous matrix to facilitate local invasion, we determined whether tumor cells could reorganize a random collagen matrix.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6081;945886;whether;To further test the hypothesis that tumor cells realign the collagenous matrix to facilitate local invasion, we determined whether tumor cells could reorganize a random collagen matrix.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6081;945895;could;With MPE/SHG, mammary gland tissue could be clearly imaged at depths of 440 nm, and changes in collagen density could be reliably detected.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6081;945896;may;"Furthermore, three-dimensional imaging of tumors in situ revealed three now defined TACS, which provide standard hallmarks to locate and characterize tumors: TACS-1, the presence of dense collagen, indicated by increased signal intensity at a region around the tumor as a standard hallmark for locating small tumor regions; TACS-2, the presence of taut (straightened) collagen fibers stretched around the tumor, indicating growth leading to increased tumor volume; and TACS-3, the identification of radially aligned collagen fibers facilitating invasion, which may be indicative of the invasive and metastatic growth potential of a tumor.";BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6081;945896;potential;"Furthermore, three-dimensional imaging of tumors in situ revealed three now defined TACS, which provide standard hallmarks to locate and characterize tumors: TACS-1, the presence of dense collagen, indicated by increased signal intensity at a region around the tumor as a standard hallmark for locating small tumor regions; TACS-2, the presence of taut (straightened) collagen fibers stretched around the tumor, indicating growth leading to increased tumor volume; and TACS-3, the identification of radially aligned collagen fibers facilitating invasion, which may be indicative of the invasive and metastatic growth potential of a tumor.";BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6083;946267;may;A second problem is that it may be difficult to establish the extent of fat infiltration in muscles by mere visual inspection.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6087;946768;may;Because our data are drawn from a survey of physician office visits for MS, data drawn from tertiary care clinics or advocacy organizations may have been excluded.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6087;946772;could;The reason for decline in Avonex use between 1998–2000 remains unexplained and could represent sample variation.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6087;946772;unexplained;The reason for decline in Avonex use between 1998–2000 remains unexplained and could represent sample variation.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6098;948291;could;Some studies suggest that natural mutant PPARγ alleles might impair native PPARγ function [29] and differences in the PPARγ genotype could modify the response to TZD treatment.;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6098;948291;might;Some studies suggest that natural mutant PPARγ alleles might impair native PPARγ function [29] and differences in the PPARγ genotype could modify the response to TZD treatment.;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6098;948291;suggest;Some studies suggest that natural mutant PPARγ alleles might impair native PPARγ function [29] and differences in the PPARγ genotype could modify the response to TZD treatment.;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6103;949363;can;The second approach does not 'filter' (that is, discard some variables) but performs a stochastic search using a genetic programming algorithm to select variables that can interact in the absence of main effects.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6104;949505;could;Simplified case definitions could be used locally to link the community to the health facility and, eventually, to other levels.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;2:Methods;NA;NA
db;6108;950210;can;With these vectors, anti-cancer drugs can be delivered to tumors much more effectively than by circulatory delivery alone [23].;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6116;951308;could;Because the set of available data for a given month was likely to be from a non-random subset of facilities due to uneven reporting rates across the country, ignoring the large proportion of missing data could have led to biased estimates of mean outpatient cases per facility.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;2:Methods;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6116;951308;likely;Because the set of available data for a given month was likely to be from a non-random subset of facilities due to uneven reporting rates across the country, ignoring the large proportion of missing data could have led to biased estimates of mean outpatient cases per facility.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;2:Methods;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6116;951364;likely;By developing our approach for the case of Kenya during the 1996–2004 period, we have been able to reconstruct national service use patterns during a time of major changes in health policy and the resulting time series are able to reveal some striking features that are likely to be of direct interest to decision makers.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6117;951508;when;A previous meta-analysis [25] extrapolated data for individual studies in order to make them comparable when the reported EBCT cut-offs were different from the values identified to define low, moderate and high categories.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6118;951678;potential;As randomization had been successful (Table 1) we did not explore potential effect modifiers or confounders.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6129;953293;likely;A form of antenatal education needs to be delivered which gives expectant mothers a more realistic expectation of what is likely to happen in labour [37].;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6131;953651;out to;With a defined model for breast tissue density in place, we set out to test the hypothesis that increased mammary collagen density increases tumor formation.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6131;953651;hypothesis;With a defined model for breast tissue density in place, we set out to test the hypothesis that increased mammary collagen density increases tumor formation.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6131;953730;may;Furthermore, the biological implications of the increased FAD intensity and fluorescent lifetime may be found in the possibility that increased glycolysis is increasing levels of NADH, a known regulator of transcription [60], and resulting in more lactic acid production [61] with less pyruvate entering into the citric acid cycle and, as a consequence, less FAD being reduced to FADH2.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6131;953730;possibility;Furthermore, the biological implications of the increased FAD intensity and fluorescent lifetime may be found in the possibility that increased glycolysis is increasing levels of NADH, a known regulator of transcription [60], and resulting in more lactic acid production [61] with less pyruvate entering into the citric acid cycle and, as a consequence, less FAD being reduced to FADH2.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6131;953731;could;Moreover, it has also been reported that the fluorescence lifetime of FAD can decrease due to quenching from NAD+, other molecular interactions, or environmental conditions [62,63], and thus the increased fluorescence lifetime of FAD could also be indicative of less available NAD+, particularly in the cytosol, and other unknown changes in FAD binding and localization.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6131;953731;can;Moreover, it has also been reported that the fluorescence lifetime of FAD can decrease due to quenching from NAD+, other molecular interactions, or environmental conditions [62,63], and thus the increased fluorescence lifetime of FAD could also be indicative of less available NAD+, particularly in the cytosol, and other unknown changes in FAD binding and localization.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6137;954409;potential;"The first and general perspective relates to the potential of a telephone triage system, such as NHS Direct, for surveillance purposes; the second perspective for discussion concerns the specific findings and limitations of the current spatial analysis.";BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6137;954492;will;We will use these results to initiate prospective geographical surveillance of influenza in England.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;4:Conclusion;NA;NA
db;6138;954640;may;In addition, the reduction in mean standing diastolic blood pressure reported only in the abrupt group may have been due to cholinergic rebound associated with abrupt withdrawal of olanzapine.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6140;954969;suggests;This suggests that defective gap junctional communication results in inhibition of coordination required for border-sharing and co-growth.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6141;955071;might;In addition, results of in-vitro experiments indicate that statins might inhibit bone resorption by interfering with osteoclast function in a similar way as bisphosphonates [16].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6147;955758;suggest;These observations suggest that destruction of uninfected red cells takes place during malaria infection.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;1:Background;NA;NA
db;6160;957570;when;It does not allow us distinguish between pure Aβ42 and pure Aβ40 effects, because intracellular processing by γ-secretase typically generates less Aβ40 when more Aβ42 is generated and vice versa.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6175;959719;probably;The inhibition of cap-dependent protein synthesis is probably due to MNK activity regulated by p38 (down-regulated) rather than by ERK.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6177;959975;should;On the basis of their findings Hussels et al. [20] considered that children under 6 years of age should receive a RMP dose of 15 mg/kg body weight and older children 10 mg/kg.;BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6182;960465;possibility;Previous meta-analyses have shown a significant benefit for NaHCO3 in comparison to normal saline (NS) infusion [6,7], although they highlighted the possibility of publication bias.;BMC Med;Y;2:former;1:epi;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
db;6185;961043;cannot;Third, studies generally did not report data on dietary intake of trace elements and thus we cannot assess whether reduced consumption of foods containing zinc and selenium was responsible for the lower levels of these elements among hemodialysis patients.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6185;961043;whether;Third, studies generally did not report data on dietary intake of trace elements and thus we cannot assess whether reduced consumption of foods containing zinc and selenium was responsible for the lower levels of these elements among hemodialysis patients.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
db;6190;961731;think;"Moreover, clinical pathways showed their positive impact on LOS also when applied to other conditions; therefore it is reasonable to think that the reduction of LOS in JR was a consequence of the better organisation of the care when implementing clinical pathways [10,12,18].";BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
db;6190;961731;when;"Moreover, clinical pathways showed their positive impact on LOS also when applied to other conditions; therefore it is reasonable to think that the reduction of LOS in JR was a consequence of the better organisation of the care when implementing clinical pathways [10,12,18].";BMC Med;N;NA;NA;3:Res&Disc;NA;NA
manual;1;2;;The surveillance of microcephaly in the continent is very rudimentary, and it remains unclear if ZIKV infection has caused an undocumented burden of microcephaly and other birth defects [11].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;3;;Moreover, serologic and viral surveillance cannot easily diferentiate between the Asian and African lineages of Zika.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;4;;Recent studies suggest that the African ZIKV lineage virus has higher transmissibility and pathogenicity compared to the Asian lineage strain, and infection in pregnant women may be more likely to cause total fetal loss than congenital deformities associated with the Asian lineage [15].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;1:epi;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;1;7;;In this large longitudinal study of pregnant women in coastal Kenya from 2017 to 2019, we found little evidence of active Zika virus circulation, but possible evidence of a higher prevalence of severe microcephaly of 0.2% compared with 0.13% expected from a reference population based on INTERGROWTH-21st standards [18].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;1;8;;Two of the participants were already seropositive for ZIKV by IgM and PRNT at enrolment between 12 and 14 weeks of gestation, and therefore, it remains unclear if the infection occurred during pregnancy or previously.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;9;;With the assumption that the IgM and ZIKV PRNT positivity refected cross-reaction of dengue IgM antibodies, these results suggest substantial dengue circulation in this population, but since only the ZIKV PRNT positive were tested for DENV, it remains likely that the true burden of dengue was higher.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;10;;Contrary to our fndings, a study in northern Kenya reported a high ZIKV seroprevalence of 7% and DENV seroprevalence of 1%, although it was not clear how the potential cross-reactivity was assessed [12].;BMC Med;Y;3:both;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;1;11;;The low levels of ZIKV transmission could be due to the competition of the virus on the same vector and host.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;12;;Additionally, the diferences in transmission could be a refection of the cyclic variation of favivirus transmission or other favorable climatic conditions [36].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;1;13;;Vertical transmission of DENV is associated with preterm deliveries and low birth weight although the mechanism is not clear.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;14;;We may have underestimated the true ZIKV seroprevalence because we only included ZIKV-positive sera from those that were positive by IgM and PRNT and without high titers of DENV antibodies.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;15;;Second, since we were not able to detect any ZIKV virus, we were unable to determine if any circulating ZIKV was from the African lineage or the Asian lineage that spread throughout the Americas and was associated with microcephaly.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;16;;Third, we did not test systematically for anti-ZIKV IgG which would have indicated true seroprevalence in the cohort and the pre-existing immunity to ZIKV infection.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;17;;Some of the malformations associated with congenital Zika syndrome become apparent during the months after delivery which our study could not establish because of a lack of infant follow-up.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;1;18;;The epidemiology and transmission of ZIKV in Africa remain unclear.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;4:Conclusion;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;19;;Evidence of association between age at menarche and menopause is inconsistent, with some studies reporting earlier age at menarche associated with earlier menopause [11–16], others showing the inverse association [17, 18] and some showing no evidence of this association [19–24].;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;2;20;;Observational studies are prone to confounding bias as it is difcult to capture all confounders accurately.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;21;;MR is advantageous as it is less likely to be afected by confounding and reverse causation than standard multivariable regression analysis [28–30].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;23;;In particular, sample overlap between the exposure and outcome samples may bias estimates towards the observational (and potentially confounded) exposure-outcome association and may lead to an overestimation of efects [42].;BMC Med;Y;2:former;1:epi;2:Methods;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;2;25;;Furthermore, the efect of AFB on age at menopause, ALB on number of births and lifetime number of sexual partners and ever being parous appeared inconsistent across the diferent MR methods.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;26;;We then meta-analysed findings between both samples, which showed limited evidence of heterogeneity between the causal estimates obtained from the split-sample MRs.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;27;;There was no consistent evidence for a causal relationship between age at menarche and lifetime number of sexual partners across sensitivity analysis and limited evidence between AFS and age at menopause.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;28;;We found little evidence that adjustment of childhood body size impacts the relationships identifed in the primary analysis.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;29;;The split-sample meta-analysed MR shows a weaker magnitude of efect compared to our primary analysis, which may be due to sample size reduction in this sensitivity analysis or bias introduced by sample overlap in the primary analysis.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;30;;This may be due to bias introduced by winner’s curse in the primary analysis or smaller sample sizes available for the replication studies.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;31;;It is likely that earlier maturation may lead to earlier sexual activity, logically increasing the chance of an earlier pregnancy.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;32;;In UK Biobank, a proportion of women may have had frist had sexual intercourse prior to the introduction of the NHS family planning act 1967 which made contraception readily available through the NHS.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;2;33;;We also show that an earlier AFS may lead to a higher number of sexual partners, which may occur due to a longer amount of time to acquire partners if sexual activity commences earlier.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;34;;This may be due to the increased prevalence of short-term relationships and regularly changing sexual partners [74], which, as a result, might lead to less chance of starting a family.;BMC Med;Y;3:both;3:both;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;35;;Considering the life history theory, we might have expected to fnd an inverse efect, suggesting an earlier age at menarche leads to a high number of births.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;36;;We investigated bidirectional efects between reproductive factors where there was not a clear temporal order and identifed no bidirectional efects.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;37;;As this may reduce the reliability of our results, future work could further assess whether the associations identifed for AFS refect true causal efects.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;2;39;;These samples are therefore not representative of the entire UK female population and estimates may not be generalisable to women in other ancestry groups.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;40;;While the majority of the reproductive factors are likely to be accurately captured through a questionnaire (such as AFB, number of births and ALB), other factors such as age at menarche may not be as reliably recalled [87].;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;41;;It is also worth nothing that some reproductive events may not have been fully captured in the analysis, as certain reproductive milestones may not have been reached by some women.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;2;42;;For example, younger women who were reported to have not had children may subsequently have children. In addition, the ALB and number of births may not refect final reproductive milestones if some women go on to have more children.;BMC Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;3;43;;Nonetheless, only a subset of alcohol consumers develops CRC.;Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;3;47;;We hypothesized that targeting dysbiosis to improve butyrate production would ameliorate WTE + alcohol–associated tumorigenesis.;Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;3;49;;However, it is unclear whether butyrate can affect epithelial STAT3 via GPR109A-independent pathways.;Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;3;50;;Additional studies are required to further characterize pathways linking bacterial metabolites with environment-modulated mechanisms driving carcinogenesis in the colon mucosa.;Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;4;52;;However, to date there are only case reports or small case series detailing the liver histologic findings found in patients with COVID-19 infection.4;Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;11;54;;The potential roles of the numerous repetitive elements found in the genomes of multi-cellular organisms remain speculative.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;11;55;;Debates regarding potential in vivo functions of these elements have been long standing.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;11;56;;This hypothesis is only supported by a limited set of experimental evidence, such as the formation of TE mediated chromatin loops in mammals (19), Drosophila (20) and fission yeast (21,22).;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;11;57;;The GC content affects the density in restriction fragments and is probably the most obvious source of biases in Hi-C experiments.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;2:Methods;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;11;59;;This observation raises the interesting hypothesis that these repeats may have been fixed in the host genome at these specific positions because of a functional role related to the increased contact frequencies.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;11;62;;An ideal way to answer this question would be to remove the cause (the DNA repetitive elements) and to ask whether or not the consequence (the co-localization of distant regions in the genome) is still observed. This is obviously out of reach as of today.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;11;63;;Although this structure is stable in vitro, the functional relevance of G4 in vivo in mammalian cells remains controversial.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;12;64;;Theory predicted (7,8) and experiments on p53 corroborated (9,10) that TFs most likely switch from a rapid search mode to a tight-binding recognition mode by changing conformation.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;2:former;2:alea;1:Background;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;12;65;;The relative importance, however, of direct and indirect readout during the transition from search to recognition mode is poorly understood.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;12;67;;Consequently, it is unclear how accurately these altered complexes represent the actual structure during rapid search, outside the influence of methods used to redirect binding specificity and trap a unique non cognate structure.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;12;72;;While p53, lac repressor headpiece, and SRY have been extensively studied in the literature, how any TF undergoes a search to recognition conformational switch remains a gap in our knowledge.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;12;73;;We hypothesize that subsequent to sliding to the target, unpacking of the central mterf motifs near the flipped bases might accompany DNA unwinding during recognition, allowing the superhelical pitch of the TF to adapt to, or perhaps drive, distortion in the curvature of the major groove during unwinding.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;12;77;;We therefore investigated the possibility that the high RMSD might arise from functionally relevant dynamics of MTERF1 in search mode.;Nucleic Acids Res;Y;1:author;1:epi;2:Methods;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;78;;Janice cannot recall whether she made the purchases, and Maggie suspects Janice’s caretaker may have used Janice’s credit card.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;84;;Apart from concerns about Janice’s data, home-monitoring tools also may capture others’ data.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;86;;Meanwhile, Janice, and not her roommate, could have access to her roommate’s medical information, such as the speech reports, produced by the tool, all without the roommate’s consent.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;87;;Consider the recording in the vignette: although it suggests caretaker abuse, it is also not inconsistent with the care taker’s story.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;89;;For example, inferences the tool draws about a user’s cognitive status—whether accurate or not—might influence decisions to seek guardianship for an elderly person.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;90;;Users may have the perception that because these tools were not ‘‘officially’’ prescribed by physicians or used in the clinic that their use will not have serious legal or medical consequences.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;91;;Even if a consumer-grade monitoring tool is a device reviewed by FDA rather than an unreviewed general wellness product, consumers might use it outside of its intended use, particularly if it is available without a prescription.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;13;92;;It is tempting to call for expansion of existing regulatory frameworks to address the concerns described above, but it is not clear that traditional, top-down regulatory approaches can be effective for the flood of AI home health-monitoring tools arriving over the next 5–10 years.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;4:Conclusion;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;13;93;;Agencies like the FDA, already stretched thin by current oversight responsibilities, may lack staffing, capacity, and legal authority to offer comprehensive oversight of these tools.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;4:Conclusion;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;14;94;;However, the profile of sustained vaccine immunogenicity in older people is unknown.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;14;95;;Despite this, the longer-term immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in this vulnerable population requires further investigation.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;14;96;;In particular, there remains uncertainty regarding the potential importance of immune senescence on the magnitude and relative waning of vaccine responses in the very elderly.9;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;14;99;;This is likely to reflect vaccine efficacy and the ‘‘shielding’’ policy adopted by older people and recommended by the Department of Health in the UK during most of the study period.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;14;100;;Spike-specific antibody levels and viral neutralization are emerging as correlates of immune protection,30,31 and these features are likely to underpin the impressive clinical efficacy of BNT162b2 in prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;14;101;;The immunological basis for this association is uncertain, but the sustained difference suggests that enhancement of spike-specific plasma cell generation is likely.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;14;102;;Extended interval delivery might represent a viable option for delivery of the BNT162b2 vaccine,32 and an 8-week interval has recently been considered as potentially optimal for donors up to age 39 years in the United States.33;Cell Rep Med;Y;2:former;2:alea;3:Res&Disc;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;14;103;;Further research is now needed to assess how the extended-interval regime impacts on long-term humoral and cellular responses, and this work should extend beyond peripheral blood to study immunity at sites of viral replication such as mucosal surfaces within the respiratory tract.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;14;105;;The basis for this is uncertain, but the use of a viral vector may potentially enhance antigen presentation of spike peptides for cellular responses through infection of a fibroblast niche.36;Cell Rep Med;Y;3:both;3:both;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;14;108;;It is important to note that the age distributions of these control cohorts varied (59–75 for BNT162b2 and 70–73 years for ChAdOx1) and as such may present potential bias in the interpretation of the vaccine responses observed.;Cell Rep Med;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;21;110;;Combining classroom instruction with pharmacy experiential service learning might be an effective complement for teaching nursing pharmacology.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;4:Conclusion;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;21;111;;However, the results of this study are in contrast to the research by Sharif and Masoumi [35], who reported that nursing students in Iran were not satisfied with the clinical component of their training.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;21;112;;Although two qualitative data collection approaches were utilized, the results were still self-reported, and the possibility of recall bias may not be ruled out.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;21;113;;The study needs to be replicated in different settings using a larger sample size to ensure generalizability.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;21;114;;Finally, although the students reported positive experiences, possible bias could have been introduced during the interviews as the students may be tempted to report what the instructors want to hear.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;21;115;;The use of different terms to refer to PR reveals different understandings of what is PR, and the definition and goals of PR are often ambiguous and vary across stakeholders, cultures, and countries.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;21;116;;In addition, the role of the public is often unclear [3].;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;1:Background;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;21;119;;Evaluation seems to be an unresolved matter in PR.;PLoS One;Y;1:author;1:epi;3:Res&Disc;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;23;122;;Because RapaLink-1 contains a TOR kinase inhibitor (TORKi) moiety (Fig. 1a, grey shading) that binds in the ATP pocket, we wondered whether the interaction of RapaLink-1 with FKBP12 is essential for its inhibition of mTOR.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;23;123;;Having established a binary therapeutic approach to achieve brain-specific inhibition of mTOR, we wondered whether the same strategy could be adapted to other drugs for which brain-restricted pharmacology would be desirable.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;23;124;;Our earlier investigation of RapaLink-1 (Fig. 1) and RapaTAMRA (Extended Data Fig. 1) led us to hypothesize that other bifunctional molecules consisting of a FKBP12-binding moiety and a kinase inhibitor moiety could be conditionally active and amenable to modulation with RapaBlock.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;23;125;;Although we have not obtained direct evidence, we hypothesize that in aqueous solutions, a bifunctional compound built with flexible linkers between hydrophobic pharmacophores will mainly adopt a binding-incompetent conformation to minimize hydration penalty (‘hydrophobic collapse’), and binding of FKBP12 will expose the inhibitor moiety to enable target inhibition.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;4:Conclusion;1:past;2:unquantified
manual;23;126;;Although further investigation is clearly necessary to elucidate how these high-molecular-weight compounds enter cells and whether FKBP12 participates in the binding interaction with the target protein, we believe that this system provides a generalizable approach for programmable kinase inhibition.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;4:Conclusion;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;24;127;;An improved understanding of the causes of changing impacts is therefore needed, but has been hampered by a lack of empirical data4,5;Nature;Y;1:author;2:alea;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;24;128;;Climate change will probably lead to a further increase in their impacts owing to projected increases in the frequency and severity of floods and droughts3;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;24;129;;However, ascertaining the combined effect of the drivers and the overall effectiveness of risk management has been hampered by a lack of empirical data4,5;Nature;Y;1:author;2:alea;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;24;130;;Data availability understandably varies among the paired events, and this can introduce inconsistency and subjectivity.;Nature;Y;1:author;2:alea;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;24;133;;However, quantification of the contribution of individual drivers is difficult with this empirical approach because there are only a limited number of cases in which only one driver changed.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;24;135;;The pattern of P values is also robust for flood cases, although these become less significant for drought because of the smaller sample size (Extended Data Fig. 3).;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified
manual;24;137;;There are, however, seven cases for which the second event was much more hazardous (+2) than the first (high-lighted by the purple ellipse in Fig. 3)—that is, events of a magnitude that locals had probably not previously experienced.;Nature;Y;1:author;2:alea;5:Others;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;24;139;;We believe there is potential for more universal application of these success factors to counteract the current trend of increasing impacts associated with climate change3.;Nature;Y;1:author;2:alea;5:Others;3:future;2:unquantified
manual;24;140;;Despite the measures taken to minimize the subjectivity and uncertainty of indicator assignment, there will always be an element of subjectivity.;Nature;Y;1:author;1:epi;5:Others;2:present;2:unquantified