SEISMIC DESIGN CODES AND STANDARDS: LEARNING FROM FOREIGN EXPERTISE TO ENHANCE SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF MULTI-STORY FRAME BUILDINGS

This article explores the seismic design codes and standards used in foreign regions known for their expertise in earthquake-resistant design and discusses how they can be applied to enhance the seismic performance of multi-story frame buildings in a specific study area. It highlights notable foreign regions with advanced seismic design practices, examines key features of their codes and standards, and suggests potential applications in the study area. The article emphasizes retrofitting strategies, design optimization, and knowledge transfer as means to improve seismic resilience.