region,geographic_unit,CNTR_CODE,nuts_code,prevention,purchasing_fencing,purchasing_LGD,source,comments,source of comments
Croatia,NUTS0,HR,HR,full,yes,yes,"Marsden, K., & Hovardas, T. (2020). EU Rural Development Policy and the management of conflictual species: The case of large carnivores. Biological Conservation, 243, 108464.",,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm
Finland,NUTS0,FI,FI,partial,no,yes,"Marsden, K., & Hovardas, T. (2020). EU Rural Development Policy and the management of conflictual species: The case of large carnivores. Biological Conservation, 243, 108464.","EAFRD measure 4.4: non-productive investment (available but no funding has been used so far for this purpose), Electric fencing for pastures/biotopes under an agri-environment contract,National funding: electric fencing up to a limit  ",
France,NUTS0,FR,FR,partial,yes,yes,"Marsden, K., & Hovardas, T. (2020). EU Rural Development Policy and the management of conflictual species: The case of large carnivores. Biological Conservation, 243, 108464.",all measures funded 80% or more ,
Baden-Württemberg,NUTS1,DE,DE1,partial,yes,no,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,"Shoats,Fences: 90%",Schäden_Prävention_Kompensation_DE2019_200727
Nordrhein-Westfalen,NUTS1,DE,DEA,full,yes,yes,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,"Shoats,fences and LGD: 100%",
Brandenburg,NUTS1,DE,DE4,full,yes,yes,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,"Shoats,fences and LGD: 100%, advice: up tp 20%",
Niedersachsen,NUTS1,DE,DE9,full,yes,yes,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,"Shoats, fences and LGD: 100%",
Hessen,NUTS1,DE,DE7,partial,no,no,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,"Flat-rate (pauschal), no need to actually do anything",
Sachsen,NUTS1,DE,DED,full,yes,yes,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,fences and HSH: 100%,
Sachsen-Anhalt,NUTS1,DE,DEE,full,yes,yes,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,fences and HSH: 100%,
Bayern,NUTS1,DE,DE2,no,no,no,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,,
Schleswig-Holstein,NUTS1,DE,DEF,full,yes,yes,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,fences and HSH: 100%,
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern,NUTS1,DE,DE8,partial,yes,yes,https://www.dbb-wolf.de/mehr/literatur-download/berichte-zu-praevention-und-nutztierschaeden,fences and HSH: max 75%,
Greece,NUTS0,EL,EL,partial,yes,no,"Marsden, K., & Hovardas, T. (2020). EU Rural Development Policy and the management of conflictual species: The case of large carnivores. Biological Conservation, 243, 108464.",According to the website they only finance Electric fences for bear protection - 100% costs,
Latvia,NUTS0,LV,LV,partial,yes,no,"Marsden, K., & Hovardas, T. (2020). EU Rural Development Policy and the management of conflictual species: The case of large carnivores. Biological Conservation, 243, 108464.","EU co-financing: EAFRD measure 4.1: Investment in physical assets, Investments for tangible assets such as installation of fences or pasture lighting – 75% costs ",
Lithuania,NUTS0,LT,LT,partial,yes,no,"Marsden, K., & Hovardas, T. (2020). EU Rural Development Policy and the management of conflictual species: The case of large carnivores. Biological Conservation, 243, 108464.","EU co-financing: EAFRD measure 4.1: Investment in physical assets, Protective measures such as fences, meshes or constructions for bio-protection, National funding: Environment fund . https://www.nma.lt/index.php/parama/lietuvos-kaimo-pletros-20142020-m-programa/priemoniu-sarasas/prevenciniu-priemoniu-taikymas-pries-vilku-ukiniams-gyvunams-daroma-zala-2020-m-i/24501",
Slovenia,NUTS0,SI,SI,partial,partial,partial,https://www.alpconv.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Organization/TWB/WISO/WISO_Annex1_Prevention-of-damages-caused-by-large-carnivores-in-the-Alps_20200921.pdf,,
Asturias,NUTS3,ES,ES120,partial,yes,yes,,Up to 75% (from Yolanda),
Sweden,NUTS0,SE,SE,partial,yes,no,"Marsden, K., & Hovardas, T. (2020). EU Rural Development Policy and the management of conflictual species: The case of large carnivores. Biological Conservation, 243, 108464.","EAFRD measures 4.1: Investment in physical assets, Carnivore deterring fences set rate",
Flanders,NUTS1,BE,BE2,no,no,no,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm,preventative measures are being tested and promoted.,
Estonia,NUTS0,EE,EE,partial,yes,yes,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm,"National funding: 50% of proved real costs for electric fences, sheep nets and electric wires, night enclosures and livestock guarding dogs",
Netherlands,NUTS0,NL,NL,no,,,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm,Regional funding: Voluntary schemes per province,
Poland,NUTS0,PL,PL,no,,,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm,"No national-wide measures, but possibility for cooperation within civil law contracts concluded with the state to include construction of damage prevention measures. Some project-based support",
Romania,NUTS0,RO,RO,no,,,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm,No national-wide measures. Some project-based support.,
Czechia,NUTS0,CZ,CZ,full,yes,yes,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm,"Preventive measures (fences, guarding dogs, etc) can be covered fully (100%) from Operational Programme Environment (structural fonds EU)",
Slovakia,NUTS0,SK,SK,no,,,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm,No national-wide measures. Some project-based support.,
Austria,NUTS0,AT,AT,no,,,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm," No national-wide measures, Salzburg region has recently put in place state aid covering 80% costs of buying LGD and putting in place fencing and night pens,  GPS collars. ",
Salzburg,NUTS2,AT,AT32,partial,yes,yes,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/EU_LCManagement_Coverage.htm," No national-wide measures, Salzburg region has recently put in place state aid covering 80% costs of buying LGD and putting in place fencing and night pens,  GPS collars. ",
Norway,NUTS0,NO,NO,full,,,https://www.naturvardsverket.se/4aec18/globalassets/amnen/jakt-vilt/dokument/framework-for-transboundary-cooperation-on-management-and-conservation-of-wolverines-in-fennoscandia.pdf,,
Switzerland,NUTS0,CH,CH,full,yes,yes,https://www.alpconv.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Organization/TWB/WISO/WISO_Annex1_Prevention-of-damages-caused-by-large-carnivores-in-the-Alps_20200921.pdf,,
Piemonte,NUTS2,IT,ITC1,full,yes,yes,https://www.alpconv.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Organization/TWB/WISO/WISO_Annex1_Prevention-of-damages-caused-by-large-carnivores-in-the-Alps_20200921.pdf,,
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Column E: prevention was used.,,,,,,,,,