MISMANAGEMENT OF PRIMARY EDUCATION SYSTEM IN INDIA – ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS RESPONSIBLE FACTORS AND THE POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS.

Primary education or elementary education is the first stage of compulsory education prior to the secondary education.
It is this stage wherein the pure minds are ready to be blended and molded in such a way that they can be converted into the
individuals on whom the responsibilities of making their society and nation proud can be shouldered. Constitution of India
comprises of various articles which prescribes that the free and compulsory education is the fundamental right of each and every
children between the age group of 6 and 14years. Education to the pupil is provided by the public sector schools and the private
sector schools. Ratio of public schools to private schools in India is 7:5. Controlling and funding of these schools takes place under
three levels: central, state and local.
As far as primary education is concerned, India has made the significant progress in increasing the attendance rate and
expanding literacy to approximately three quarters of the population in the 7-10 age group by 2011. Many research scholars and
governmental and non-governmental bodies consider that the improved education system in India would be the main contributor to
its economic development. But on the contrary to all the claims that the authority makes, primary education system in India faces
many challenges and problems. The Indian government lays emphasis on primary education for the children aged between 6 – 14
years. The Indian government has also banned child labour so that instead of working under the unsafe condition, children can go
to school. However, because of the economic disparity and social conditions, both free education and ban on child labour are
difficult to enforce. Primary education system, because of shortage of resources and lack of political wills, suffers from massive
loopholes such as high pupil to teacher ratios, shortage of infrastructure, poor levels of teacher training, improper teaching and
learning environment, lack of motivation for both the students and the teachers, improper management, etc.
The main aim of this research paper is to discuss in detail the various parameters responsible for the mismanagement of
the primary education system in India, analyse these factors and to suggest the various solutions to overcome this problem of
mismanagement of primary education by taking broad parameters into consideration