Adaptation For Islamic Animation Storytelling: The Rhetorical Approach of Al-Mau’izah Al-Hasanah in Tafseer Al-Azhar

Al-Mau’izah Al-Hasanah is among the three Islamic Da’wah Methods that uses rhetorical strategies in da’wah dissemination. The method is based on Surah An-Nahl verse 125 in the Qur’an. As the verses of the Qur’an uses an Arabic text, Muslim need to use Tafseer as a guideline to enhance their understanding and knowledge of Islamic teaching. This is because not all Muslims are specialists in the Arabic language, despite being able to read the Quran in Arabic. Tafseer Al-Azhar is an interpretation of Qur'anic verses written by Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah (Hamka) during his prison sentence. Hamka is an Indonesian philosopher who is also actively involved in teaching Islam through his country's educational system. The Al-Azhar exegesis book is notable for its use of rhetoric to explain the meaning of Qur'anic verses for Muslims' comprehension of the Arabic text of the Qur'an. The purpose of this research is to examine the rhetorical strategy employed in Hamka's Tafseer Al-Azhar . By referencing the exegesis content of Fatihah verses in Tafseer Al-Azhar , this study focuses solely on the rhetorical method of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah . This study employed the qualitative method by analyzing the content of books and journals related to Tafseer Al-Azhar. The rhetorical material in Tafseer Al-Azhar is distinctive in that Hamka used rhyme and aesthetics language to convey the narrative of its interpretation. It is interesting to mention that Islamic Animation Storytelling of Qur'anic verses could be derived from the rhetorical substance provided in the Tafseer Al-Azhar.


INTRODUCTION
The dissemination and execution of Islamic preaching must be carried out prudently.Preachers are advised to equip themselves with knowledge and skills about Islam and the Prophet's history based on the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith.The preacher's main role and responsibility is to convey information about the teachings of Islam, clarify confusion, untangle the confusion, and save mankind from going astray.Engku Ahmad Zaki Engku Alwi (2021) claims that preaching without considering the wisdom method will lead the intended audience further away from the truth.Thus, da'wah must be based on the International Journal of Art & Design (IJAD), Volume 7, (1), February/2023, Pg. 29-37 Adaptation For Islamic Animation Storytelling: The Rhetorical Approach of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah in Tafseer Al-Azhar teachings of Islam as revealed in the Qur'an and Hadith.Understanding the Arabic scripture of the Qur'an with the direction of the Tafseer will improve a Muslim's Islamic knowledge.The usage of Tafseer Al-Azhar as a content adaptation in creating Islamic Animation Storytelling is considered advantageous and sensible throughout this research.This is because Tafseer used the rhetorical style of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah for da'wah propagation about Islam, particularly the understanding of the Qur'an's opening verses, Al-Fatihah.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Several studies and reviews have been undertaken to explore the related literature material on the Adaptation for Islamic Animation Storytelling, The Da'wah Methods in Islam, Rhetorical Approach of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah, and Tafseer Al-Azhar by Hamka.

Adaptation for Islamic Animation Storytelling
Adaptation was defined by Hutcheon (2012) as (1) An accepted adaptation of another work or works that are widely known, (2) A creative and interpretive act of appropriation/salvaging, and (3) An extended intertextual engagement with the adapted work.In short, adaptation is a creative and interpretative act of appropriation based on intertextual engagement with the adapted work.
According to Djamdjuri and Hadi (2021) in their studies, an Islamic movie or Islamic animation movie is a movie that has content about Islamic values and can be used to teach people about Islam or spread the da'wah.From an Islamic point of view, morals are very important.Prophet Muhammad P.B.U.H used it as a measure of faith to show how morality is very important in Islam.To gain knowledge about Islamic teaching, Muslims need guidance from the Qur'an and Hadith to enhance their understanding of the Tawheed.Thus, the adaptation process from a written text for Islamic Animation Storytelling in this research context needs to be referred to with the authentic source of the Qur'an and Tafseer.In addition, Tafseer functions as the translator of the Arabic script of the Qur'an by using the mother tongue language of a nation.

The Da'wah Methods in Islam
The method of preaching (da'wah) is the strategy for delivering a message to the audience.In Arabic terminology, the method is known as Uslub and Wasail is the tool to disseminate Islamic knowledge and information (Ilm') to the target audience.However, Syed Abdurahman Syed Hussin (1998) explained that the terminology of Uslub emphasizes the ability and skill to communicate Islamic teaching to the intended audience through the use of aesthetic language.The three widely recognized rhetorical methods used in Islamic da'wah are Al-Hikmah (Wisdom), Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah (Good Teaching and Advice), and Al-Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan (Wisely Argued).Those mentioned rhetorical methods were found in the Qur'an verses of An-Nahl (125), highlighting the techniques of Islamic preaching (da'wah).An-Nahl verse of 125 is as below: (3) putting on something in its place, and (4) the right and wrong.Al-Hikmah (Wisdom) towards the da'wah method with thorough and presentable knowledge of Islamic teaching through its dissemination, precise and good knowledge based on the explanations (dalil in Qur'an), and accuracy in words and actions.

Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah (Good Teaching and Advice)
The word Mau'izah Al-Hasanah is derived from the Arabic word 'Wa'az.Al-Wa'azu' means to give good advice and reminders towards faulty consequences.The Arabic word of Al-Waaz is well defined for instruction or order.Islamic philosophers in the Tafseer field stated that Mau'izah Al-Hasanah's advice consists of explanations (dalil in Qur'an) that are true and give the soul's satisfaction to arise the good sentimental emotion in humans.In short, Mau'izah Al-Hasanah is a method of delivering a sermon that makes it attractive and well-received without losing the intended audience.With this technique, the target is given the impression that the preacher is acting more like a friend who offers guidance and seeks opportunities to make the target delighted.

Al-Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan (Wisely Argued)
The word Jadal is the Arabic word that means debate or argumentation.The terminology is well described as enmity.Mujadalah is the verb for Jadal.The method of Al-Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan will be applied to encounter the opponent, but in a good manner of argumentation by referring to the Islamic teaching in Qur'an and Hadith.The context of a good manner towards the argumentation is to handle the situation with the opponent in a good method of conversation or dissemination without abusive words.

Rhetorical Approach of Al Mau'izzah Al-Hasanah
Isai, Lin, Ching, et.Al (2020) defined Rhetorical Approach as the method of persuasion and they cited Aristotle's definition of rhetoric as "an ability, in each particular case, to see the available means of persuasion".Aristotle added, to effectively persuade the audience, three important persuasive appeals are identified -ethos, pathos, and logos -corresponding to the persona of the speaker, the emotion of the audience, and the reason for the message.Nevertheless, in Islamic Da'wah Method, the rhetorical approach as mentioned in the previous section highlighted the three methods of (1) Al-Hikmah (Wisdom), (2) Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah (Good Teaching and Advice), and (3) Al-Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan (Wisely Argued).The research focus for this study is on the Islamic da'wah method of Al-Mau'izzah Al-Hasanah (Good Teaching and Advice) as it is related to the case study of Al-Azhar Tafseer written by Hamka.
According to Syed Abdurahman Syed Hussin (1998), he explained the method of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah (all forms of good advice, teaching, and warning) is suitable for certain targeted audiences that are attracted to da'wah.This method focuses to arouse feeling and emotion yet the inner soul (spiritual) responds towards the Mau'izah (good advice, teaching, and warning).This is supported by  Ahmad Fauzi, et.al, (2018) Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah is the Islamic da'wah method that advises others in a good manner.Furthermore, Mau'izah Al-Hasanah is understood as guidance toward the use of proper language that is appropriate for the physical and knowledge level of the da'wah target audience (mad'u) and is capable of encouraging goodness.In the basic concept of da'wah in Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah, there are eight components related to the method such as (1) Tabligh, (2) Ta'lim, (3) Tazkir and Tanbih, (4) Taujih wa al-irsyad (guidance and counseling), ( 5) Nasihah/Tansih, (6) Tabsyir and Tanzir (reminder), ( 7) Uswah wa Tadbiq and (8) Ubrah or Ibarah.

Tafseer Al-Azhar by Hamka
Tafseer Al-Azhar takes consecutive sources from the Qur'an, Hadith, Aqwal of the Prophet's Companions, Aqwal Tabi'in, and books of commentary interpretation concerning the process of interpretation.Adabi Ijtima'i is the style of this remark.In addition to that, Hamka is a well-known Muslim scholar from Indonesia who has significantly advanced the field of Qur'anic interpretation.Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah is known as Hamka, and he is a multi-talented person.In addition to being a Muslim scholar, Hamka is also an author, historian, and politician who has written more than 120 books on a variety of topics, including Sufism, literature, philosophy, history, sociology, and politics, as well as the interpretation of the Qur'an.(Rahmad Hidyayat et.al, 2019) As for the research study purpose, the use of Hamka's Verse Tafseer entitled Al-Azhar acts as a reference to understand the explanations of Fatihah verses in the Qur'an.Hamka's creation of the Al-Azhar Tafseer incorporates Islamic Teachings with literary elements such as parables that portray the meaning of each verse.The poetic narrative presented by Hamka is simple to comprehend due to the tahlili technique used in this Tafseer arrangement (analysis).Tahlili method is made up of Tafseer between Al-Quran and Al-Quran, Tafseer between Al-Quran and Hadith, Tafseer between Al-Quran and companions' thoughts and tabi'in (followers or successors), and Tafseer Al-Qur'an with Tafseer Muktabar (other Tafseer).

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research aims to study the rhetorical approach used in the Tafseer Al-Azhar written by Hamka.The focus of the research is only on the rhetorical method of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah by referring to the exegesis content of Fatihah verses in Tafseer Al-Azhar.This research used the Qualitative method through the content analysis and the documentation of books and journals with the related field of Tafseer Al-Azhar and the Da'wah Method in Islam.

FINDINGS
Hamka uses poetry to infuse passion into the story of its interpretation.As a result, rhyme serves as a cultural expression of Malay identity.The following is a summary of the parables that used the

CONCLUSION
Tafseer Al-Azhar takes consecutive sources from the Qur'an, Hadith, Aqwal of the Prophet's Companions, Aqwal Tabi'in, and books of commentary interpretation with the process of interpretation.The use of Tafseer Al-Azhar as a content adaptation in Islamic Animation Storytelling is deemed advantageous and prudent.This is because the Tafseer utilized the rhetorical method of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah for the dissemination of da'wah about Islam.The research is focusing on the meaning of Al-Fatihah, the first verses of the Qur'an.Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah is a piece of advice comprised of explanations (dalil in the Qur'an) that are precise and provide soul satisfaction to evoke an excellent sentimental response in humans.Mau'izah Al-Hasanah is, in brief, a way of giving sermons that is appealing and well-received without alienating the intended audience.This strategy gives the appearance to the target that the preacher is acting more like a friend who offers advice and seeks opportunities to make the target pleased.

Table 2 Methods of Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah - The Good Teaching and Advice in Tafseer Al-Azhar by Hamka (Fatihah Verses) Verse Verse Tafseer by Hamka Islamic Da'wah Method
Remark:

Good Advice, Teaching, and Warning
Muslim needs to rely upon Al-Qur'an as life guidance.2. Hamka provides the idiom of 'Arang habis, besi binasa' for an audience to think with aql and naql.3.In this verse, Allah warns us with the word of 'Dhaalin' (astray) and Hamka wrote the Tafseer with Al-Mau'izah Al-Hasanah rhetorical approach through good advice, teaching, and warning in a thoughtful sentence.