smashHit Core Ontology
type: Ontology
versionIRI: smashHitCore
imports: rdf-schema
abstract: The adoption of GDPR has resulted in a significant shift in how the data of European Union citizens is handled. A variety of data sharing challenges in scenarios such as smart cities have arised, especially, when attempting to semantically represent GDPR legal basis, such as consent, contracts and the data types and specific data sources related to them. Many ontologies that model GDPR exist, however, they focus mainly on consent. In order to represent other GDPR basis such as contracts, multiple ontologies need to be reused. The process is time-consuming and requires expert knowledge of semantics. To solve this challenge, we present the smashHit Core ontology, which provides an unified and coherent model for both consent and contracts, as well as the sensor data and data processing associated with them, in one place. The ontology was developed in response to real-world data sharing use cases in the insurance and smart cities domains.
contributor: smashHit project consortium partners (This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 871477)
creator: Albert Zilverberg (ATB Bremen)
creator: Amar Tauqeer (University of Innsbruck)
creator: Ana Correia (ATB Bremen)
creator: Anelia Kurteva (University of Innsbruck)
creator: Anna Fensel (University of Innsbruck)
creator: Elena Demidova (University of Bonn)
creator: Kevin Nagorny (ATB Bremen)
creator: Rainer Hilscher (University of Innsbruck)
creator: Stefan Schestakov (Leibniz University Hannover)
creator: Tek Raj Chhetri (University of Innsbruck)
creator: Thorben Funke (Leibniz University Hannover)
description: The smashHit Core ontology extends the scope of existing ontologies by providing an integrated semantic model for multiple domains such as consent, contracts, licenses and sensor data. This work is part of the smashhit project, which is developing a framework for trusted and secure sharing of data streams from both personal and industrial platforms needed to build sectorial and cross-sectorial services. The ontology models multiple GDPR legal bases such as consent and contracts, but is not limited to them. Concepts such as metadata, sensor data, data processing, involved entities, which can be useful for compliance checking, are modelled as well.
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
versionInfo: $Date: 2022/11/29 10:43:12 $
versionInfo: 0.3

description
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Description may include but is not limited to an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free text account of the resource.
domain: License

hasVersion
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource. Can be the version of consent and/or contract.
domain: License
domain: Contract
domain: Consent

value
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Idiomatic property used for structured values.

comment
comment: A description of the subject resource.
domain: Resource

isDefinedBy
comment: The defininition of the subject resource.
range: Resource
domain: Resource

label
comment: A human-readable name for the subject.
domain: Resource

seeAlso
comment: Further information about the subject resource.
range: Resource
domain: Resource

backwardCompatibleWith
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The annotation property that indicates that a given ontology is backward compatible with another ontology.
range: Ontology
domain: Ontology

deprecated
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The annotation property that indicates that a given entity has been deprecated.
range: Resource
domain: Resource

imports
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The property that is used for importing other ontologies into a given ontology.
range: Ontology
domain: Ontology

incompatibleWith
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The annotation property that indicates that a given ontology is incompatible with another ontology.
range: Ontology
domain: Ontology

priorVersion
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The annotation property that indicates the predecessor ontology of a given ontology.
range: Ontology
domain: Ontology

versionIRI
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The property that identifies the version IRI of an ontology.
range: Ontology
domain: Ontology

versionInfo
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The annotation property that provides version information for an ontology or another OWL construct.
range: Resource
domain: Resource

assignee
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Relates to agents who are the recipient of the rules.
range: Agent
domain: Policy

assigner
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Relates to agents to assign some rule to others.
range: Agent

dateTimeStamp
type: Datatype

has beneficiary
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Agent
description: Links a trust to a named beneficiary.

granted at time
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has consent status
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: Granted
description: Links consent to the time it was granted.

has trace
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Trace
description: Used to retrieve a list of all the companies with which the data has been shared based on the consent given (consent id) or on the contract given (contract id)

withdrawn at time
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has consent status
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: Withdrawn
description: Links consent to the time it was withdrawn.

at city
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: at location
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Location
range: Municipality
description: Specifies that the location of an event is a municipality such as a city, town, village.

at country
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: at location
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Location
range: Country
description: Specifies that the location of an event is a country.

at date time
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has context
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Status
range: Temporal Entity
description: Associates status with an instant of time when a change occurred.

at location
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has context
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: License
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Location
description: Relates consent, contract, license with a specific location, where a status change occurred.

at region
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: at location
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Location
description: Specifies that the location of an event is a region.

at state
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: at location
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Location
range: State
description: Specifies that the location of an event is a state.

for data processing
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: Processing
description: Relates consent to specific data processing.

has business to business
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has contract category
domain: Contract Category
range: Business To Business
description: Associates a business to business category to a contract.

has business to consumer
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has contract category
domain: Contract Category
range: Business To Consumer
description: Associates a business to consumer category to a contract.

has consent status
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: Consent Status
description: Used to link consent to its status.

has contact point
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Contact
description: Associated an agent with specific contact information

has context
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: License
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Temporal Entity
range: Location
description: Relates the consent, contracts and licenses to their specific context.

has contract category
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Contract Category
description: Used to related a contract to a specific contract category (e.g., business to consumer).

has contract status
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Contract Status
description: Links contract status to a contract

has contract type
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
description: Used to related a contract to a specific contract type.

has country
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Location
range: Country

creation date
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Temporal Entity
description: Relates contracts and licenses to their creation date.

has data controller
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Agent
description: Relates consent and contracts to a specific data controller.

has data processor
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Agent
description: Relates consent and contract to a specific data processor.

has data protection officer
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Agent
description: Relates consent and contract to a specific data protection officer.

has data subject
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Agent
description: Relates consent and contract to a specific data subject.

has description
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Processing
description: describes the steps towards the result

has email
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Email Address
description: Associates an agent with an email address.

has end date
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Temporal Entity
description: Relates contracts and licenses to their ending dates.

expiration date
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has context
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Instant
description: The expiration date of consent or contract. Format: xsd:dateTime

has expired
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has contract status
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Expired
description: Used to indicate the expired state of contract.

has fingerprint
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Resource
range: Fingerprint
description: specifies the fingerprint of a resource

has fulfilled
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has obligation states
domain: Obligation State
range: Fulfilled

has hash
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Sensor Data Category
domain: Resource
domain: Data Source
domain: Processing
range: Hash
type: DatatypeProperty
description: Used to associate a concept with its hash.

has id
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
type: DatatypeProperty
description: Used to associate and agent with an id.

has invalid
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has obligation states
domain: Obligation State
range: Invalid

has metadata
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: Information Entity
description: Links a resource to some metadata from the class InformationEntity.

has method
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Resource
range: Processing
description: identifies the method used

has minimum duration
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Interval
description: Specifies the minimum duration of a contract or license.

has name
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
description: Used to associate and agent, for example, a person with a name.

has parameter
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Processing
range: Resource
description: the parameter involved

has password
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has personal data
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Password
description: Associates an agent with his/her password.

has pending
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has contract status
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Pending
description: Used to indicate the pending state of contract.

has personal data
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Personal Data Category
description: Associates agents with their personal data.

has postal address
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Role
domain: Agent
range: Postal Address
description: Used to specify the physical address of a location.

has postal code
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Postal Address
domain: Municipality
range: Postal Code
description: Used to specify the postal code related to a postal address.

has purpose preference
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Purpose
description: Associates an agent to his/her purpose preference.

has retention date
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Personal Data Category
range: Instant
description: Associates a personal data category to its retention date.

has sensor data category
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Sensor
range: Sensor Data Category
description: Associates the sensor data to a specific sensor data category.

has signed
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has contract status
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Signed
description: Used to indicate the signed state of contract.

has obligation states
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Obligation
range: Obligation State

has telephone
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Telephone Number
description: Used to associate and agent, for example, a person with an email.

has term types
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has terms and conditions
domain: Contract
range: Term Types
description: Used to specify the basic term types related with a contract.

has terminated
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has contract status
type: FunctionalProperty
range: Terminated
description: Used to indicate the terminated state of contract.

has terms and conditions
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Terms And Conditions
description: Used to specify the obligations to a contract

has territory
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Location
range: Territory

has updated
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has contract status

has username
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has personal data
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Username
description: Associates an agent with his/her username.

has violated
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has obligation states
domain: Obligation State
range: Violated

has watermark
type: ObjectProperty
description: specifies the watermark of a resource

in medium
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: has context
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
range: Medium
description: Used to associate consent and contract with the medium through which they were created.

is about data
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: Resource
range: Data Source
description: Used to specify the resource and/or data source which this consent is about.

is provided by
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
domain: Consent
range: Agent
comment: Indicates the entity or activitiy that provided the consent.

is received by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Resource
range: Agent
description: Indicates the company which received the data.

is registered by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Resource
range: Agent
description: Used by Data Provider to register new data in smashHit that makes the data available to other Actors.

is send by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Resource
range: Agent
description: Indicates the company which sent the data.

requested by
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: Agent
description: Used to specify the agent by whom this consent was requested by.

creator
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: Agent
description: An entity responsible for making the resource.

type
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: Resource
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
comment: The nature or genre of the resource.

has input data
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Processing
range: Sensor Data Category
range: Resource
description: Associates input data from a resource with specific processing.

has output data
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Processing
range: Sensor Data Category
range: Resource
description: Associates output data with a type of processing.

has type
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Organisation
range: Person
range: Software Agent
description: Used to identify the type of an agent.

bottom object property
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Thing
range: Thing
comment: The object property that does not relate any two individuals.

different from
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
domain: Thing
range: Thing
comment: The property that determines that two given individuals are different.

same as
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Thing
range: Thing
comment: The property that determines that two given individuals are equal.

source individual
type: ObjectProperty
range: Thing
comment: The property that determines the subject of a negative property assertion.

target individual
type: ObjectProperty
range: Thing
comment: The property that determines the object of a negative object property assertion.

top object property
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Thing
range: Thing
comment: The object property that relates every two individuals.

has beginning
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Temporal Entity
range: Instant
description: Beginning of a temporal entity.

has end
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Temporal Entity
range: Instant
description: End of a temporal entity.

bounding box
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: Geographic Region
description: The geographic bounding box of a resource.

distribution
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Dataset
range: Distribution
description: A specific representation of a dataset. A dataset might be available in multiple serializations that may differ in various ways, including natural language, media-type or format, schematic organization, temporal and spatial resolution, level of detail or profiles (which might specify any or all of the above).

had role
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Role
description: The function of an entity or agent with respect to another entity or resource.

has personal data category
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Personal Data
range: Personal Data Category
description: This property associates a personal data category with an instance of legal data handling or consent

has purpose
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: Purpose
description: This property associates a purpose with an instance of legal data handling or consent

acted on behalf of
type: ObjectProperty
subPropertyOf: was influenced by
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Agent
description: An object property to express the accountability of an agent towards another agent. The subordinate agent acted on behalf of the responsible agent in an actual activity.

was generated by
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Dataset
range: Processing
description: Used to identify how a dataset was generated. Specifically, what data processing generated the dataset.

was influenced by
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Agent
description: Influence is the capacity of an entity, activity, or agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of usage, start, end, generation, invalidation, communication, derivation, attribution, association, or delegation.
comment: See https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/#wasInfluencedBy

has contractual element
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Terms And Conditions
description: Used to indicate something that is a component of an agreement/contract.

has effective date
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: Temporal Entity
description: Used to indicate the date a contract, relationship, or policy comes into force.

has role
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: Role
description: Indicates the role played by specified Person or Organisation or Third Party in the specified Association.

is status for
type: ObjectProperty
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
domain: Consent Status
range: Consent
description: Links a status to the consent that uses it.

consent id
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
description: Used to associate a consent with a consent ID.

agent id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Agent
range: string
description: Used to associate an agent with an agent ID.

consent id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Consent
range: string
description: Used to associate a consent with a consent ID.

contract id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Contract
range: string
comment: Used to associate a contract to a contract ID.

contractor id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
domain: Agent
range: string
description: Used to associate a contractor to a contractor ID.

has contractors
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Agent
range: string

has obligations
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Obligation
range: string

has signature
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Used to store signature text or url for a contract.

has signatures
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Contract
range: string
comment: Used to contain a list of contractor signatures to a specific contract.

has terms
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Terms And Conditions
range: string

hash
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
type: FunctionalProperty
range: string
description: A hash function is any function that can be used to map data of arbitrary size to fixed-size values. smashHit uses hashes for traceability.

identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: License
domain: Contract
domain: Consent
description: The identifier property represents any kind of identifier for any kind of Thing, such as ISBNs, GTIN codes, UUIDs etc. Schema.org provides dedicated properties for representing many of these, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.

license id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: License
range: string
description: Used to associate a license with a license ID.

obligation id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
domain: Obligation
range: string
description: Used to associate a obligation to a contract obligation ID.

obligation state id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
domain: Obligation State
range: string
description: Used to associate a obligation state to a obligation state ID.

signature id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
comment: Used to associate a contractor signature with an signature ID.

term id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
domain: Terms And Conditions
range: string
description: Used to associate a term to a contract term ID.

term type id
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: identifier
domain: Term Types
range: string
description: Used to associate a term type to a contract term type ID.

access rights
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: A rights statement that concerns how the distribution is accessed.

format
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
description: The file format of the distribution.

issued
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Distribution
range: dateTime
description: Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the distribution.

language
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: A language of the item. This refers to the natural language used for textual metadata (i.e. titles, descriptions, etc) of a cataloged resource (i.e. dataset or service) or the textual values of a dataset distribution

modified
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: dateTimeStamp
comment: Most recent date on which the distribution was changed, updated or modified.

rights
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: Information about rights held in and over the distribution.

title
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: A name given to the distribution.

bottom data property
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: Literal
comment: The data property that does not relate any individual to any data value.

cardinality
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The property that determines the cardinality of an exact cardinality restriction.

max cardinality
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The property that determines the cardinality of a maximum cardinality restriction.

max qualified cardinality
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The property that determines the cardinality of a maximum qualified cardinality restriction.

min cardinality
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The property that determines the cardinality of a minimum cardinality restriction.

min qualified cardinality
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The property that determines the cardinality of a minimum qualified cardinality restriction.

qualified cardinality
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The property that determines the cardinality of an exact qualified cardinality restriction.

top data property
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The data property that relates every individual to every data value.

has latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
description: the angle formed by the intersection of a line perpendicular to the Earth's surface at a point and the plane of the Equator

has longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
description: the angle between a plane that passes through the point and the North and South poles, and a reference plane

has maximum latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: has latitude
description: The maximum latitude value that was recorded.

has maximum longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: has longitude
description: The maximum longitude value that was recorded.

has minimum latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: has latitude
description: The minimum latitude value that was recorded.

has minimum longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
subPropertyOf: has longitude
description: The minimum longitude value that was recorded.

GPS
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: has latitude
  someValuesFrom: integer
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: has longitude
  someValuesFrom: integer
description: A GPS Sensor

Humidity
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: A humidity sensor.

Motion
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: A Motion Sensor

Orientation
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: An orientation sensor.

Sensor
type: Class
subclass of: Device

Acoustic
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: Acoustic sensors can be used to measure speed, volume, carriageway occupancy and presence. The advantage of acoustic sensors is that they can function under all lighting conditions and during adverse weather.

Air Data
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor Data Category
description: Sensor data from an air sensor.

Air Pollution Data
type: Class
subclass of: Air Data
description: Sensor data from an air pollution sensor.

Air Pollution Sensor
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: Air pollution sensors detect gases like carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide by measuring the absorption of infrared light.

Attack
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To attack or alter the data with the aim of data breach and illegal redistribution

Building Data
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor Data Category
description: Sensor data from a building.

Business To Business
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Category
description: Describes a business to business contract.

Business To Consumer
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Category
description: Describes a business to consumer contract.

Car Data
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor Data Category
description: Sensor data from a car.

Charity Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Non Profit Organisation

Consent Status
type: Class
subclass of: Status
description: Specifies the status of consent.

Contract Category
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity
description: Describes the contract category.

Contract Status
type: Class
subclass of: Status
description: Describes the status of a contract.

Created
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Status
description: A contract has been created within the smashHit system.

Data Controller
type: Class
subclass of: Role
description: As per Article 4(7) of the GDPR, ‘controller’ means the natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data; where the purposes and means of such processing are determined by Union or Member State law, the controller or the specific criteria for its nomination may be provided for by Union or Member State law;

Data Processor
type: Class
subclass of: Role
description: As per Article 4(8) of the GDPR,‘processor’ means a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which processes personal data on behalf of the controller;

Data Protection Officer
type: Class
subclass of: Role
comment: The Data Protection Officer (DPO) ensures, in an independent manner, that the European Commission correctly applies the law protecting individuals’ personal data. The DPO keeps a public register explaining all operations carried out by the Commission that involve processing personal data.

Data Subject
type: Class
subclass of: Role
description: As per GDPR article 4 (1) a Data Subject is identified or identifiable natural person to which an information relates.

Device
type: Class
subclass of: Data Source
description: A thing made or adapted for a particular purpose, especially a piece of mechanical or electronic equipment.

Expired
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Status
description: A contract has been expired within the smashHit system.

Fingerprint
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: to recognize two versions of the same data and later perform re-identification

Fulfilled
type: Class
subclass of: Obligation State
comment: An obligation state is said to be fulfilled if the obligaion has been asigned and its action has been carried out during the time window [ts, te], where ts presents as a start time and te as end time.

Granted
type: Class
subclass of: Valid
description: Specifies that the consent has been granted/given.

Hash
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: to identify the data, and also later, capture modifications in the data

Inductive Loop Detector
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: Inductive loop detectors are mainly used at intersections in conjunction with advanced signal traffic control systems, and on freeways for traffic monitoring and incident detection purposes.

Information Entity
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: Something that consists of knowledge about something, including that obtained from analysis, instruction, investigation, study, and other processes

Invalid
type: Class
subclass of: Obligation State
comment: An obligation state is said to be invalid if te (end time) is already passed when it is assigned.

License
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: license id
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: A set of requests/permissions to users of a Work, e.g. a copyright license, the public domain, information for distributors.

Magnetometer
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: Magnetometers can provide information on traffic volume, lane occupancy, speed as well as vehicle length. Further, magnetometers provide for point detection.

Micro Loop
type: Class
subclass of: Magnetometer
description: A type of magnetometer that is installed in pavements.

Microwave Radar Detector
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: Microwave radar detectors are examples of non-intrusive detection devices whose installation and maintenance does NOT require lane closure and pavement modifications. Unlike inductive loops, non-intrusive detection devices are not embedded in the pavement.

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes the exploitation of vegetal and animal natural resources, comprising the activities of growing of crops, raising and breeding of animals, harvesting of timber and other plants, animals or animal products from a farm or their natural habitats.

Mining and Quarrying
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: Mining and quarrying include the extraction of minerals occurring naturally as solids (coal and ores), liquids (petroleum) or gases (natural gas).
comment: Extraction can be achieved by different methods such as underground or surface mining, well operation, seabed mining etc. This section includes supplementary activities aimed at preparing the crude materials for marketing, for example, crushing, grinding, cleaning, drying, sorting, concentrating ores, liquefaction of natural gas and agglomeration of solid fuels. These operations are often accomplished by the units that extracted the resource and/or others located nearby. Mining activities are classified into divisions, groups and classes on the basis of the principal mineral produced. Divisions 05, 06 are concerned with mining and quarrying of fossil fuels (coal, lignite, petroleum, gas); divisions 07, 08 concern metal ores, various minerals and quarry products. Some of the technical operations of this section, particularly related to the extraction of hydrocarbons, may also be carried out for third parties by specialised units as an industrial service which is reflected in division 09.
comment: This section excludes: processing of the extracted materials, see section C (Manufacturing) usage of the extracted materials without a further transformation for construction purposes, see section F (Construction) bottling of natural spring and mineral waters at springs and wells, see 11.07 crushing, grinding or otherwise treating certain earths, rocks and minerals not carried on in conjunction with mining and quarrying, see 23.9

Manufacturing
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes the physical or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products, although this cannot be used as the single universal criterion for defining manufacturing (see remark on processing of waste below). The materials, substances, or components transformed are raw materials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining or quarrying as well as products of other manufacturing activities.
comment: Substantial alteration, renovation or reconstruction of goods is generally considered to be manufacturing. The output of a manufacturing process may be finished in the sense that it is ready for utilisation or consumption, or it may be semi-finished in the sense that it is to become an input for further manufacturing. For example, the output of alumina refining is the input used in the primary production of aluminium; primary aluminium is the input to aluminium wire drawing; and aluminium wire is the input for the manufacture of fabricated wire products. Manufacture of specialised components and parts of, and accessories and attachments to, machinery and equipment is, as a general rule, classified in the same class as the manufacture of the machinery and equipment for which the parts and accessories are intended. Manufacture of unspecialised components and parts of machinery and equipment, e.g. engines, pistons, electric motors, electrical assemblies, valves, gears, roller bearings, is classified in the appropriate class of manufacturing, without regard to the machinery and equipment in which these items may be included. However, making specialised components and accessories by moulding or extruding plastics materials is included in group 22.2. Assembly of the component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing. This includes the assembly of manufactured products from either self-produced or purchased components. The recovery of waste, i.e. the processing of waste into secondary raw materials is classified in group 38.3 (Materials recovery). While this may involve physical or chemical transformations, this is not considered to be a part of manufacturing. The primary purpose of these activities is considered to be the treatment or processing of waste and they are therefore classified in Section E (Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities). However, the manufacture of new final products (as opposed to secondary raw materials…

Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes the activity of providing electric power, natural gas, steam, hot water and the like through a permanent infrastructure (network) of lines, mains and pipes.
comment: The dimension of the network is not decisive; also included are the distribution of electricity, gas, steam, hot water and the like in industrial parks or residential buildings. This section therefore includes the operation of electric and gas utilities, which generate, control and distribute electric power or gas. Also included is the provision of steam and air-conditioning supply.
comment: This section excludes the operation of water and sewerage utilities, see 36, 37. This section also excludes the (typically longdistance) transport of gas through pipelines.

Water Supply, Sewerage, Waste Management and Remediation Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes activities related to the management (including collection, treatment and disposal) of various forms of waste, such as solid or non-solid industrial or household waste, as well as contaminated sites.
comment: The output of the waste or sewage treatment process can either be disposed of or become an input into other production processes. Activities of water supply are also grouped in this section, since they are often carried out in connection with, or by units also engaged in, the treatment of sewage.

Construction
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes general construction and specialised construction activities for buildings and civil engineering works. It includes new work, repair, additions and alterations, the erection of prefabricated buildings or structures on the site and also construction of a temporary nature.
comment: General construction is the construction of entire dwellings, office buildings, stores and other public and utility buildings, farm buildings etc., or the construction of civil engineering works such as motorways, streets, bridges, tunnels, railways, airfields, harbours and other water projects, irrigation systems, sewerage systems, industrial facilities, pipelines and electric lines, sports facilities etc. This work can be carried out on own account or on a fee or contract basis. Portions of the work and sometimes even the whole practical work can be subcontracted out. A unit that carries the overall responsibility for a construction project is classified here. Also included is the repair of buildings and engineering works. This section includes the complete construction of buildings (division 41), the complete construction of civil engineering works (division 42), as well as specialised construction activities, if carried out only as a part of the construction process (division 43). The renting of construction equipment with operator is classified with the specific construction activity carried out with this equipment. This section also includes the development of building projects for buildings or civil engineering works by bringing together financial, technical and physical means to realise the construction projects for later sale. If these activities are carried out not for later sale of the construction projects, but for their operation (e.g. renting of space in these buildings, manufacturing activities in these plants), the unit would not be classified here, but according to its operational activity, i.e. real estate, manufacturing etc.

Wholesale and Retail Trade
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes wholesale and retail sale (i.e. sale without transformation) of any type of goods, and rendering services incidental to the sale of merchandise. Wholesaling and retailing are the final steps in the distribution of merchandise.
comment: Also included in this section are the repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles. Sale without transformation is considered to include the usual operations (or manipulations) associated with trade, for example sorting, grading and assembling of goods, mixing (blending) of goods (for example sand), bottling (with or without preceding bottle cleaning), packing, breaking bulk and repacking for distribution in smaller lots, storage (whether or not frozen or chilled). Division 45 includes all activities related to the sale and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, while divisions 46 and 47 include all other sale activities. The distinction between division 46 (wholesale) and division 47 (retail sale) is based on the predominant type of customer. Wholesale is the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used goods to retailers, business-to-business trade, such as to industrial, commercial, institutional or professional users, or resale to other wholesalers, or involves acting as an agent or broker in buying merchandise for, or selling merchandise to, such persons or companies. The principal types of businesses included are merchant wholesalers, i.e. wholesalers who take title to the goods they sell, such as wholesale merchants or jobbers, industrial distributors, exporters, importers, and cooperative buying associations, sales branches and sales offices (but not retail stores) that are maintained by manufacturing or mining units apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products and that do not merely take orders to be filled by direct shipments from the plants or mines. Also included are merchandise and commodity brokers, commission merchants and agents and assemblers, buyers and cooperative associations engaged in the marketing of farm products. Wholesalers frequently physically assemble, sort and grade goods in large lots, break bulk, repack and redistribute in smaller lots, for example pharmaceuticals; store, refrigerate, deliver and…

Transporting and Storage
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes the provision of passenger or freight transport, whether scheduled or not, by rail, pipeline, road, water or air and associated activities such as terminal and parking facilities, cargo handling, storage etc.
comment: Included in this section is the renting of transport equipment with driver or operator. Also included are postal and courier activities.
comment: This section excludes: major repair or alteration of transport equipment, except motor vehicles, see group 33.1 construction, maintenance and repair of roads, railways, harbours, airfields, see division 42 maintenance and repair of motor vehicles, see 45.20 renting of transport equipment without driver or operator, see 77.1, 77.3
comment: https://nacev2.com/en/activity/transportation-and-storage

Accommodation and Food Service Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes the provision of short-stay accommodation for visitors and other travellers and the provision of complete meals and drinks fit for immediate consumption.
comment: The amount and type of supplementary services provided within this section can vary widely.
comment: This section excludes the provision of long-term accommodation as primary residences, which is classified in real estate activities (section L). Also excluded is the preparation of food or drinks that are either not fit for immediate consumption or that are sold through independent distribution channels, i.e. through wholesale or retail trade activities. The preparation of these foods is classified in manufacturing (section C).

Information and Communication
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes the production and distribution of information and cultural products, the provision of the means to transmit or distribute these products, as well as data or communications, information technology activities and the processing of data and other information service activities.
comment: The main components of this section are publishing activities (division 58), including software publishing, motion picture and sound recording activities (division 59), radio and TV broadcasting and programming activities (division 60), telecommunications activities (division 61), information technology activities (division 62) and other information service activities (division 63). Publishing includes the acquisition of copyrights for content (information products) and making this content available to the general public by engaging in (or arranging for) the reproduction and distribution of this content in various forms. All the feasible forms of publishing (in print, electronic or audio form, on the Internet, as multimedia products such as CD-ROM reference books etc.) are included in this section. Activities related to production and distribution of TV programming span divisions 59, 60 and 61, reflecting different stages in this process. Individual components, such as movies, television series etc. are produced by activities in division 59, while the creation of a complete television channel programme, from components produced in division 59 or other components (such as live news programming) is included in division 60. Division 60 also includes the broadcasting of this programme by the producer. The distribution of the complete television programme by third parties, i.e. without any alteration of the content, is included in division 61. This distribution in division 61 can be done through broadcasting, satellite or cable systems.

Financial and Insurance Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes Financial Service activities, including Insurance, Reinsurance and pension funding activities and activities to support financial services.
comment: This section also includes the activities of holding assets, such as activities of holding companies and the activities of trusts, funds and similar financial entities.

Real Estate Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes acting as lessors, agents and/or brokers in one or more of the following: selling or buying real estate, renting real estate, providing other real estate services such as appraising real estate or acting as real estate escrow agents.
comment: Activities in this section may be carried out on own or leased property and may be done on a fee or contract basis. Also included is the building of structures, combined with maintaining ownership or leasing of such structures. This section includes real estate property managers.

Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes specialised professional, scientific and technical activities. These activities require a high degree of training, and make specialised knowledge and skills available to users.

Administrative and Support Service Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes a variety of activities that support general business operations.
comment: These activities differ from those in section M, since their primary purpose is not the transfer of specialised knowledge.

Public Administration and Defence, Compulsory Social Security
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes activities of a governmental nature, normally carried out by the public administration.
comment: This includes the enactment and judicial interpretation of laws and their pursuant regulation, as well as the administration of programmes based on them, legislative activities, taxation, national defence, public order and safety, immigration services, foreign affairs and the administration of government programmes. The legal or institutional status is not, in itself, the determining factor for an activity to belong in this section, rather than the activity being of a nature specified in the previous paragraph. This means that activities classified elsewhere in NACE do not fall under this section, even if carried out by public entities. For example, administration of the school system (i.e. regulations, checks, curricula) falls under this section, but teaching itself does not (see section P), and a prison or military hospital is classified to health (see section Q). Similarly, some activities described in this section may be carried out by non-government units. This section also includes compulsory social security activities.

Education
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes education at any level or for any profession. The instructions may be oral or written and may be provided by radio, television, Internet or via correspondence.
comment: It includes education by the different institutions in the regular school system at its different levels as well as adult education, literacy programmes etc. Also included are military schools and academies, prison schools etc. at their respective levels. The section includes public as well as private education. For each level of initial education, the classes include special education for physically or mentally handicapped pupils. The breakdown of the categories in this section is based on the level of education offered as defined by the levels of ISCED 1997. The activities of educational institutions providing courses: on ISCED level 0 are classified in 85.10 on ISCED level 1 in 85.20 on ISCED levels 2-3 in group 85.3 on ISCED level 4 in 85.41 and on ISCED level 5-6 in 85.42. This section also includes instruction primarily concerned with sport and recreational activities such as tennis or golf and education support activities.

Human Health and Social Work Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes the provision of health and social work activities.
comment: Activities include a wide range of activities, starting from health care provided by trained medical professionals in hospitals and other facilities, over residential care activities that still involve a degree of health care activities to social work activities without any involvement of health care professionals.

Arts, Entertainment and Recreation
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes a wide range of activities to meet varied cultural, entertainment and recreational interests of the general public, including live performances, operation of museum sites, gambling, sports and recreation activities.

Other Service Activities
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section (as a residual category) includes the activities of membership organisations, the repair of computers and personal and household goods and a variety of personal service activities not covered elsewhere in the classification.

Activities of Households as Employers
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes activities of Households as Employers and Undifferentiated Goods and Services-producing Activities of Households for own use

Activities of Extraterritorial Organisations and Bodies
type: Class
subclass of: Sector
description: This section includes activities of Extraterritorial Organisations and Bodies

Obligation
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity
description: Describes the contract obligations.

Obligation State
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: Describes the states of obligation.

Pending
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Status
description: A contract has a status "pending" when some action related to its signing or termination is in progress.
comment: The status is "pending", for example, when an entity has requested a contract to be terminated and the process has begun but is not completed yet.

Pending
type: Class
subclass of: Obligation State
comment: If an obligation is not invalid but has not yet become fulfilled or violated, then it is pending.

Personal Data
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
description: Personal data are any information which are related to an identified or identifiable natural person (GDPR Art.4 (1)).

Photoelectric Sensor
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor
description: A photoelectric sensor uses a light beam to detect smoke.

Postal Address
type: Class
subclass of: Municipality
description: A textual entity that is used as directive to deliver something to a person, or organization

Postal Code
type: Class
subclass of: Municipality
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: A short series of letters and/or numbers that is part of an address, and shows exactly where a place is.

Profit Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Organisation
description: A profit organisation exists primarily to generate a profit, that is, to take in more money than it spends.

Receive
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To receive a notification from company B to a company A accusing the data reception

Register
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To register (sign) a data record
comment: Each data, to be registered, has an owner that makes the data available to other actors. Data subject signs the hash of data with metadata and inserts the signature in the list of parameters that will constitute the data record.

Reidentificate
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To reidentificate a dataset
comment: The aim is to answer the question is given data belongs to the data subject or not, even if some parts of the data were modified.

Renewed
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Status
description: A contract has been renewed.

Road Data
type: Class
subclass of: Sensor Data Category
description: Sensor data from a road sensor.

Sector
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity
description: The sector or domain of a purpose e.g. Agriculture, Advertising
comment: There are various sector codes used commonly to indicate the domain of an organisation or business. The sector follows NACE (Nomenclature of Economic Activities). This is the European statistical classification of economic activities. NACE groups organizations according to their business activities.

Send
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To send data from company A to company B

Sensor Data
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
description: Data from a sensor.

Sensor Data Category
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity

Signed
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Status
description: A contract has been signed by all entities involved in it.

Source
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity
description: Information about a place, person, or thing from which something originates or can be obtained.

Status
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: Describes the status of both consent and contracts.

Storage Location
type: Class
subclass of: Location
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: string
description: Technical storage location defined e.g. by a URL

Term Types
type: Class
subclass of: Terms And Conditions
description: Describes the types of terms and coditions.

Terminated
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Status
description: A contract has been terminated.

Terms And Conditions
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity
description: Terms & Conditions means the Special Conditions of Contract and General Conditions of Contract herein mentioned and other stipulations incorporated in any part of Tender Document and /or Agreement.

Trace
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To trace the use of registered data
comment: Data subject may use this entity to indicate the request to trace of its own registered data, meaning the data not received from another companies but either owned by the company or directly collected from the data owner.

Updated
type: Class
subclass of: Contract Status
comment: A contract has been updated within the smashHit system.

Violated
type: Class
subclass of: Obligation State
comment: If the obligation has been assigned, has not been fulfilled, and is not invalid, but te has passed, then it is violated.

Watermark
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: to insert a secret (watermark) in the data and later perform re-identification

Wireless Magentometers
type: Class
subclass of: Magnetometer
description: A type of magnetometers that do not require extensive work under concrete.

App Based
type: Class
subclass of: Medium
description: It identifies if the consent is taken in the form of mobile application.
comment: It also identifies if the contract/license is taken in the form of mobile application.

Audio
type: Class
subclass of: Medium
description: It is used to identify if the consent is taken in the form of audio.
comment: It also identifies if the contract is made in the form of audio or verbal.

Online Form
type: Class
subclass of: Medium
description: It identifies if the consent is taken in the form of an online form.
comment: It also identifies if the contract/license is made in the form of an online form.

Opt-In Option
type: Class
subclass of: Medium
description: It identifies if the consent is taken as an online opt-in option.
comment: It also identifies if the contract/license is made as an online opt-in option.

Paper
type: Class
subclass of: Medium
description: It identifies if the consent is taken on paper.
comment: It also identifies if the contract/license is made on paper.

Video
type: Class
subclass of: Medium
description: It identifies if the consent is taken in the form of video.
comment: It also identifies if the contract/license is made in the form of video.

Automobile Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Profit Organisation

Construction Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Profit Organisation

Educational Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Organisation

Government Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Organisation

Non Profit Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Organisation
description: A nonprofit organization is a business that has been granted tax-exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) because it furthers a social cause and provides a public benefit

University
type: Class
subclass of: Educational Organisation

Thing
type: Class
comment: The class of OWL individuals.

Instant
type: Class
subclass of: Temporal Entity
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: dateTimeStamp
description: A temporal entity with zero extent or duration

Interval
type: Class
subclass of: Temporal Entity
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: A temporal entity with an extent or duration

Temporal Entity
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: A temporal interval or instant.

Catalog
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
description: A curated collection of metadata about resources (e.g., datasets and data services in the context of a data catalog)
comment: A Web-based data catalog is typically represented as a single instance of this class

Dataset
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
description: A collection of data, published or curated by a single agent, and available for access or download in one or more representations.

Distribution
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
description: A specific representation of a dataset. A dataset might be available in multiple serializations that may differ in various ways, including natural language, media-type or format, schematic organization, temporal and spatial resolution, level of detail or profiles (which might specify any or all of the above).

Resource
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: Resource published or curated by a single agent.

Role
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: A role is the function of a resource or agent with respect to another resource, in the context of resource attribution or resource relationships.

Academic Research
type: Class
subclass of: Research And Development
description: Research conducted in an academic context e.g. within universities

Access Control
type: Class
subclass of: Security
description: To conduct or enforce access control

Adapt
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To modify the data, often rewritten into a new form for a new use

Align
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To adjust the data to be in relation to another data

Alter
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To change the data withouth changing it into something else

Authenticating
type: Class
subclass of: Internal
description: Information used to authenticate an individual with something they know

Collect
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To gather data from someone

Combine
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To join or merge data

Commercial Interest
type: Class
subclass of: Purpose
description: For purposes of commercial activities i.e. of profit or benefit to the Controller

Commercial Research
type: Class
subclass of: Research And Development
description: Research conducted in a commercial setting e.g. in a company

Consult
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To consult or query data

Contact
type: Class
subclass of: Tracking
description: Information that can be used for contacting an individual e.g. email address or phone number

Create Event Recommendations
type: Class
subclass of: Create Personalized Recommendations
description: Create and provide personalised recommendations for events to the individual

Create Personalized Recommendations
type: Class
subclass of: Service Personalization
description: Create and provide personalised recommendations to the individual

Create Product Recommendations
type: Class
subclass of: Create Personalized Recommendations
description: To create product recommendations e.g. suggest similar products

Customer Care
type: Class
subclass of: Service Provision
description: Processes related to providing assistance for customer satisfaction

Data Source
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: Source of data

Delivery of Goods
type: Class
subclass of: Service Provision
description: To deliver goods and services

Destruct
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To process data in a way it no longer exists or cannot be repaired

Disclose by Transmission
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To disclose data by means of transmission

Disseminate
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To spread data throughout

Email Address
type: Class
subclass of: Contact
description: Information about an individual's Email address.

Erase
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To delete data

External
type: Class
subclass of: Personal Data Category
description: Personal Data that can be observed by another person i.e. has external characteristics that make it visible

Financial
type: Class
subclass of: Personal Data Category
description: Personal data regarding finance or monetary information

Fraud Prevention And Detection
type: Class
subclass of: Security
description: To detect and prevent fraud

Identifying
type: Class
subclass of: External
description: Information that uniquely or semi-uniquely identifies a specific individual

Identity Verification
type: Class
subclass of: Security
description: To verify and authorise identity

Improve Existing Products and Services
type: Class
subclass of: Optimisation For Controller
description: To improve existing products and services

Improve Internal CRM Processes
type: Class
subclass of: Optimisation For Controller
description: To improve customer-relationship management (CRM) processes

Increase Service Robustness
type: Class
subclass of: Optimisation For Controller
description: To improve the robustness and resilience of services

Internal
type: Class
subclass of: Personal Data Category
description: Personal data about characteristics of an individual that are internal i.e. cannot be seen or observed

Internal Resource Optimisation
type: Class
subclass of: Optimisation For Controller
description: Optimisation of internal resources used by the organisation e.g. resource usage

Non-Commercial Research
type: Class
subclass of: Research And Development
description: Research conducted in a non-commercial setting e.g. for a non-profit-organisation (NGO)

Official ID
type: Class
subclass of: Identifying
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: issued
  someValuesFrom: dateTimeStamp
description: Information on an official identification document used by an individual.

Optimisation For Consumer
type: Class
subclass of: Service Optimization
description: Optimisation of activities and services for the consumer or user

Optimisation For Controller
type: Class
subclass of: Service Optimization
description: Optimisation of activities and services for the Controller

Optimise User Interface
type: Class
subclass of: Optimisation For Consumer
description: Optimisation of interfaces presented to the user

Organise
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To organise data for arranging or classifying

Ownership
type: Class
subclass of: Financial
description: Information about things an individual has owned, rented, borrowed, possessed

Password
type: Class
subclass of: Authenticating
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: An individual's password used in the process of authenticating the individual as a user accessing a system.

Personal Data Category
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity
description: A category of personal data (as defined by GDPR article 4.1) from the personal data categories taxonomy, i.e. for instance denoting the category of an object/field or data item that is used for processing

Personalised Benefits
type: Class
subclass of: Service Personalization
description: Personalisation of benefits received by the user

Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Internal
description: Information about an individual’s preferences or interests

Privacy Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
description: Information about an individual's privacy preferences

Processing
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: The processing performed on personal data
comment: Processing is defined by the GDPR (Article 4-2) as "any operation or set of operations which is performed on personal data or on sets of personal data, whether or not by automated means, such as collection, recording, organisation, structuring, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, restriction, erasure or destruction;". Processing can be considered as the action, within an activity for example, that uses data in a particular or specific way. Therefore, processing specifies what is happening to/with the data.

Purpose
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: The purpose of Data Handling, from the purposes Taxonomy

Record
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To make a record (especially media)

Research And Development
type: Class
subclass of: Purpose
description: Performing research and developing new methods,products, or services

Restrict
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To apply a restriction on the processsing of specific records

Retrieve
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To retrieve data, often in an automated manner

Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: A risk or possibility or uncertainty of negative effects, impacts, or consequences.
comment: This entity is a connection point to other ontologies identifying all possible Risks that can occur to the data of a data subject, as for instance the Risks defined in the DPV-GDPR vocabulary: https://w3c.github.io/dpv/dpv-gdpr/

Security
type: Class
subclass of: Purpose
description: Security of data

Sell Data To Third Parties
type: Class
subclass of: Commercial Interest
description: To sell data or information to third parties

Sell Insights From Data
type: Class
subclass of: Commercial Interest
description: To sell or commercially provide insights obtained from analysis of data

Sell Products To DataSubject
type: Class
subclass of: Commercial Interest
description: To sell products or services to the data subject or user

Sell Targeted Advertisements
type: Class
subclass of: Commercial Interest
description: To sell or provide targetted advertisements about the user to Third Parties

Service Optimization
type: Class
subclass of: Purpose
description: Optimization of service or activity

Service Personalization
type: Class
subclass of: Purpose
description: Personalization of service or activity for the user

Service Provision
type: Class
subclass of: Purpose
description: Provision of service or activity

Share
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To retrieve data, often in an automated manner

Store
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To keep data for future use

Structure
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To arrange data according to a structure

Telephone Number
type: Class
subclass of: Contact
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: integer
description: Information about telephone number

Tracking
type: Class
subclass of: Personal Data Category
description: Personal data that can be used to track an individual or used as an identifier e.g. location or email

UID
type: Class
subclass of: Identifying
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: An unique identifier used to identify an individual.

Use
type: Class
subclass of: Processing
description: To use data

User Interface Personalisation
type: Class
subclass of: Service Personalization
description: Personalisation of interfaces presented to the user

Username
type: Class
subclass of: Identifying
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: A username used to identify an individual.

Duty
type: Class
subclass of: Rule
description: The obligation to perform an Action.

Permission
type: Class
subclass of: Rule
description: The ability to perform an Action over an Asset.

Policy
type: Class
subclass of: Information Entity
description: A non-empty group of Permissions and/or Prohibitions.

Rule
type: Class
subclass of: Policy
description: An abstract concept that represents the common characteristics of Permissions, Prohibitions, and Duties.

Agent
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: agent id
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: An agent is something that bears some form of responsibility for an activity taking place, for the existence of an entity, or for another agent's activity.

Organisation
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
description: An organization is a social or legal institution such as a company, society, etc.

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
description: Person agents are people.

Software Agent
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
description: A software agent is running software.

Birth Date
type: Class
subclass of: Identifying
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: format
  someValuesFrom: dateTimeStamp
description: Date of birth

Insurance Company
type: Class
subclass of: Profit Organisation
description: A non-depository institution whose primary and predominant business activity is the writing of insurance or the reinsuring of risks underwritten by insurance companies, and that provides compensation based on the happening of at least one contingency
comment: In the US, insurance companies are subject to supervision by the insurance commissioner or a similar official or agency of a State; or any receiver or similar official or any liquidating agent for such a company, in his capacity as such. Common forms of insurance include life, property and casualty, and health insurance. In addition to insuring against hazards, many insurance companies also sell investments or investment-like products. The most prevalent investment products offered by insurers are annuities and life insurance policies that also feature investment elements.

Contract
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: contract id
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: Voluntary, deliberate agreement between competent parties to which the parties agree to be legally bound, and for which the parties provide valuable consideration.
comment: A contractual relationship is evidenced by (1) an offer, (2) acceptance of the offer, and a (3) valid (legal and valuable) consideration. A contract is a kind of agreement, and as such it embodies the assertion that it has been negotiated, such negotiation having included the presence of some offer and the acceptance of that offer on the part of either or both of the parties. Contracts are usually written but may be spoken or implied, and generally have to do with employment, sale or lease, or tenancy.

Mutual Contractual Agreement
type: Class
subclass of: Contract
description: contract between named parties whose individual rights and obligations are not transferable to another party without prior written permission.
comment: Explanatory Note A mutual contractual agreement involves an exchange of a promises in which the promises made by each party represent considerations supporting the promises of the other party(ies).

Municipality
type: Class
subclass of: Geopolitical Entity
description: Urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government or jurisdiction
comment: The territory over which a municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: - only one populated place such as a city, town, or village - several of such places (e.g., early jurisdictions in the state of New Jersey (1798-1899) as townships governing several villages, Municipalities of Mexico) - only parts of such places, sometimes boroughs of a city such as the 34 municipalities of Santiago, Chile.

Consent
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  onProperty: consent id
  someValuesFrom: PlainLiteral
description: As per Article 4(11) of the GDPR, ‘consent’ of the data subject means any freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the data subject’s wishes by which he or she, by a statement or by a clear affirmative action, signifies agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her; In the case of this ontology, 'Consent' is a concept as well as a tangible entity (something that has a provenance record). To separate this distinction with relation to the data subject, the Consent class represents the consent of the data subject in its entirely, including any history and annotations for it.
comment: Consent based on GDPR

Withdrawn
type: Class
subclass of: Invalid
description: Indicates consent has been withdrawn.
comment: Also used when consent is revoked.

Medium
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: Describes the medium through which consent was given/provided. Example: web form, recorded voice, signature on document.
comment: The class can also be used for contracts and licenses, which have the same types of mediums.

Invalid
type: Class
subclass of: Consent Status
description: Specified that the consent is invalid.

Valid
type: Class
subclass of: Consent Status
description: Specifies that the consent is valid.

Country
type: Class
subclass of: Geopolitical Entity
description: a geopolitical entity representing a country or dependent territory

State
type: Class
subclass of: Geopolitical Entity
description: A geopolitical entity, typically a division of a country, dependency, or other area of special geopolitical interest related to a country or other geopolitical entity

Geographic Region
type: Class
subclass of: Location
description: An area, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries

Geopolitical Entity
type: Class
subclass of: Geographic Region
description: Any country, federal province, city or other administrative unit that represents a geophysical location and has some political identity

Location
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
description: A place or position in time and/or space, including virtual place

Territory
type: Class
subclass of: Geopolitical Entity
description: A geopolitical entity, typically considered an area of special geopolitical interest, related to a country or other geopolitical entity
comment: Certain territories are included in the ISO 3166-2 code set without an alpha 2 or alpha 3 code. In these cases, the numeric code for the subregion may have more than 3 characters in their corresponding numeric region codes.

Location
comment: A spatial region or named place.

PeriodOfTime
comment: An interval of time that is named or defined by its start and end dates.

accessRights
comment: A rights statement that concerns how the distribution is accessed.

modified
comment: Most recent date on which the distribution was changed, updated or modified.

rights
comment: Information about rights held in and over the distribution.

Post Code
description: A short series of letters and/or numbers that is part of an address, and shows exactly where a place is

Given

NotGiven

first
comment: The first item in the subject RDF list.

nil
comment: The empty list, with no items in it. If the rest of a list is nil then the list has no more items in it.

object
comment: The object of the subject RDF statement.

predicate
comment: The predicate of the subject RDF statement.

rest
comment: The rest of the subject RDF list after the first item.

subject
comment: The subject of the subject RDF statement.

type
comment: The subject is an instance of a class.

domain
comment: A domain of the subject property.

member
comment: A member of the subject resource.

range
comment: A range of the subject property.

subClassOf
comment: The subject is a subclass of a class.

subPropertyOf
comment: The subject is a subproperty of a property.

allValuesFrom
comment: The property that determines the class that a universal property restriction refers to.

annotatedProperty
comment: The property that determines the predicate of an annotated axiom or annotated annotation.

annotatedSource
comment: The property that determines the subject of an annotated axiom or annotated annotation.

annotatedTarget
comment: The property that determines the object of an annotated axiom or annotated annotation.

assertionProperty
comment: The property that determines the predicate of a negative property assertion.

complementOf
comment: The property that determines that a given class is the complement of another class.

datatypeComplementOf
comment: The property that determines that a given data range is the complement of another data range with respect to the data domain.

disjointUnionOf
comment: The property that determines that a given class is equivalent to the disjoint union of a collection of other classes.

disjointWith
comment: The property that determines that two given classes are disjoint.

distinctMembers
comment: The property that determines the collection of pairwise different individuals in a owl:AllDifferent axiom.

equivalentClass
comment: The property that determines that two given classes are equivalent, and that is used to specify datatype definitions.

equivalentProperty
comment: The property that determines that two given properties are equivalent.

hasKey
comment: The property that determines the collection of properties that jointly build a key.

hasSelf
comment: The property that determines the property that a self restriction refers to.

hasValue
comment: The property that determines the individual that a has-value restriction refers to.

intersectionOf
comment: The property that determines the collection of classes or data ranges that build an intersection.

inverseOf
comment: The property that determines that two given properties are inverse.

members
comment: The property that determines the collection of members in either a owl:AllDifferent, owl:AllDisjointClasses or owl:AllDisjointProperties axiom.

onClass
comment: The property that determines the class that a qualified object cardinality restriction refers to.

onDataRange
comment: The property that determines the data range that a qualified data cardinality restriction refers to.

onDatatype
comment: The property that determines the datatype that a datatype restriction refers to.

onProperties
comment: The property that determines the n-tuple of properties that a property restriction on an n-ary data range refers to.

onProperty
comment: The property that determines the property that a property restriction refers to.

oneOf
comment: The property that determines the collection of individuals or data values that build an enumeration.

propertyChainAxiom
comment: The property that determines the n-tuple of properties that build a sub property chain of a given property.

propertyDisjointWith
comment: The property that determines that two given properties are disjoint.

someValuesFrom
comment: The property that determines the class that an existential property restriction refers to.

targetValue
comment: The property that determines the value of a negative data property assertion.

unionOf
comment: The property that determines the collection of classes or data ranges that build a union.

withRestrictions
comment: The property that determines the collection of facet-value pairs that define a datatype restriction.

A7-3 Right to Withdraw Consent