The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series (1750-2021) v2.4.1

Recommended citation

Gütschow, J.; Pflüger, M. (2023): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.4.1 (1750-2021). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7585420.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Content

• Use of the dataset and full description
• Abstract
• Support
• Sources
• Files included in the dataset
• Notes
• Data format description (columns)
• References
• Changelog

Abstract

The PRIMAP-hist dataset combines several published datasets to create a comprehensive set of greenhouse gas emission pathways for every country and Kyoto gas, covering the years 1750 to 2021, and almost all UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) member states as well as most non-UNFCCC territories. The data resolves the main IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories. For CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O subsector data for Energy, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), and Agriculture are available. The "country reported data priority" (CR) scenario of the PRIMAP-hist datset prioritizes data that individual countries report to the UNFCCC. For developed countries, AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data submitted anually in the "common reporting format" (CRF). For developing countries, non-AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data available through the UNFCCC DI interface (di.unfccc.int) with additional country submissions read from pdf and where available xls(x) or csv files. For a list of these submissions please see below. For South Korea the 2021 official GHG inventory has not yet been submitted to the UNFCCC but is included in PRIMAP-hist. PRIMAP-hist also includes official data for Taiwan which is not recognized as a party to the UNFCCC.

Gaps in the country reported data are filled using third party data such as CDIAC, BP (fossil CO₂), Andrew cement emissions data (cement), FAOSTAT (agriculture), and EDGAR v7.0 (all sectors). Lower priority data are harmonized to higher priority data in the gap-filling process.

For the third party priority time series gaps in the third party data are filled from country reported data sources.

Data for earlier years which are not available in the above mentioned sources are sourced from EDGAR-HYDE, CEDS, and RCP (N₂O only) historical emissions.

The v2.4 release of PRIMAP-hist reduced the time-lag from 2 to 1 years. Thus we include data for 2021 while the 2.3.1 version included data for 2019 only. For energy CO$_2$ growth rates from the BP statistical review of world energy are used to extend the country reported (CR) or CDIAC (TP) data to 2021. For CO$_2$ from cement production Andrew cement data are used. For other gases and sectors, EDGAR 7.0 is used in PRIMAP-hist v2.4.1 (v2,4 had to rely on numerical methods ).

Version 2.4.1 of the PRIMAP-hist dataset does not include emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) in the main file. LULUCF data are included in the file with increased number of significant digits and have to be used with care as they are constructed from different sources using different methodologies and are not harmonized.

The PRIMAP-hist v2.4.1 dataset is an updated version of

Gütschow, J.; Pflüger, M. (2021): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.4 (1750-2021). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7179775

The Changelog indicates the most important changes. You can also check the issue tracker on github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist for additional information on issues found after the release of the dataset.

Use of the dataset and full description

Before using the dataset, please read this document and the article describing the methodology, especially the section on uncertainties and the section on limitations of the method and use of the dataset.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Please notify us (mail@johannes-guetschow.de) if you use the dataset so that we can keep track of how it is used and take that into consideration when updating and improving the dataset.

When using this dataset or one of its updates, please cite the DOI of the precise version of the dataset used and also the data description article which this dataset is supplement to (see above). Please consider also citing the relevant original sources when using the PRIMAP-hist dataset. See the full citations in the References section further below.

Since version 2.3 we use the data formats developed for the PRIMAP2 climate policy analysis suite: PRIMAP2 on GitHub. The data are published both in the interchange format which consists of a csv file with the data and a yaml file with additional metadata and the native NetCDF based format. For a detailed description of the data format we refer to the PRIMAP2 documentation.

We have also, for the first, time included files with more than three significant digits. These files are mainly aimed at people doing policy analysis using the country reported data scenario (HISTCR). Using the high precision data they can avoid questions on discrepancies with the reported data. The uncertainties of emissions data do not justify the additional significant digits and they might give a false sense of accuracy, so please use this version of the dataset with extra care.

Support

If you encounter possible errors or other things that should be noted, please check our issue tracker at github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist and report your findings there. Please use the tag “v2.4.1” in any issue you create regarding this dataset.

If you need support in using the dataset or have any other questions regarding the dataset, please contact mail@johannes-guetschow.de.

Sources

• Global CO$_2$ emissions from cement production v220919 (Andrew 2022)** data, paper: Andrew
  (2022), Andrew (2019b)
• BP Statistical Review of World Energy website: British Petroleum (2022)
• CDIAC data: Boden et al. (2017): Gilfillan et al. (2020), paper Gilfillan and Marland (2021)
• EDGAR versions 4.2 and 4.2 FT2010: EDGAR v4.2, EDGAR v4.2 FT2010: JRC and PBL (2011), Olivier and Janssens-Maenhout (2012)
• EDGAR version 7.0: data, website, Reports: JRC (2022), JRC (2021)
• EDGAR-HYDE 1.4 data: Van Aardenne et al. (2001), Olivier and Berdowski (2001)
• FAOSTAT database data: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2023)
• RCP historical data data, paper: Meinshausen et al. (2011)
• UNFCCC National Communications and National Inventory Reports for developing countries website, slightly updated version of data: UNFCCC (2022c), Pflüger and Gütschow (2022)
• UNFCCC Biennial Update Reports website: UNFCCC (2022b)
• UNFCCC Common Reporting Format (CRF) website, paper, data (23-01-23): UNFCCC (2023a) (processed as described in Jeffery et al. (2018a))
• Official country repositories (non-UNFCCC)
  • Taiwan / Republic of China: website, data: Republic of China - Environmental Protection Administration (2022)
  • South Korea: website, data: Republic of Korea (2022)

Files included in the dataset

For each dataset we have three files: the .nc file contains the data and metadata in the native PRIMAP2 netCDF based format. The .csv file contains the data in a csv format following the specifications of the PRIMAP2 interchange format. The metadata for the interchange format file is included in the .yaml file.

• Guetschow-et-al-2023-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4.1_16-Feb-2023.X: The main dataset with numerical extrapolation of all time series to 2021 and three significant digits.
• Guetschow-et-al-2023-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4.1_no_extrap_16-Feb-2023.X: Variant without numerical extrapolation of missing values and not including the country groups mentioned in section [“country”] (three significant digits).
• Guetschow-et-al-2023-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4.1_no_rounding_16-Feb-2023.X: The main dataset with numerical extrapolation of all time series to 2021 and eleven significant digits.
• Guetschow-et-al-2023-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4.1_no_extrap_no_rounding_16-Feb-2023.csv: Variant without numerical extrapolation of missing values and not including the country groups mentioned in section [“country”] (eleven significant digits).
• PRIMAP-hist_v2.4.1_data-description.pdf: Data description including changelog.
• PRIMAP-hist_v2.4.1_updated_figures.pdf: Updated figures from the PRIMAP-hist paper published in ESSD.

Notes

• Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included in the dataset.
• Emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) are not included in the main version of this dataset. They are included in the version without rounding as users need to take extra care when using LULUCF data because changes some of the year-to-year changes in the data come from using different sources or methodology changes within a source rather than changes in actual emissions.

Data format description (columns)

The PRIMAP-hist data in the comma-separated values (CSV) files is formatted consistently with the PRIMAP2 interchange format.

The data contained in each column are as follows:

“source”

Name of the data source. Here: PRIMAP-hist_v2.4.1 with suffixes _ne for no extrapolation and _nr for no rounding.

“scenario (PRIMAP)”

• HISTCR: In this scenario country-reported data (CRF, BUR, UNFCCCDI) are prioritized over third-party data (CDIAC, FAO, Andrew, EDGAR, BP).
• HISTTP: In this scenario third-party data (CDIAC, FAO, Andrew, EDGAR, BP) are prioritized over country-reported data (CRF, BUR, UNFCCCDI)

“provenance“

Provenance of the data. Here: “derived” as it is a composite source.

“country”

ISO 3166 three-letter country codes or custom codes for groups:

Code       Region description
----       -------
EARTH      Aggregated emissions for all countries.
ANNEXI     Annex I Parties to the Convention
NONANNEXI  Non-Annex I Parties to the Convention
AOSIS      Alliance of Small Island States
BASIC      BASIC countries (Brazil, South Africa, India and China)
EU27BX     European Union post Brexit
LDC        Least Developed Countries
UMBRELLA   Umbrella Group

Table: Additional “country” codes.

“category”

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories for emissions. Some aggregate sectors have been added to the hierarchy. These begin with the prefix M.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Category code Description
------------- ---------------------------------------------------------
M.0.EL        National Total excluding LULUCF
1             Energy
1.A           Fuel Combustion Activities
1.B           Fugitive Emissions from Fuels
1.B.1         Solid Fuels
1.B.2         Oil and Natural Gas
1.B.3         Other Emissions from Energy Production
1.C           Carbon Dioxide Transport and Storage
              (currently no data available)
2             Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU)
2.  A         Mineral Industry
2.B           Chemical Industry
2.C           Metal Industry
2.D           Non-Energy Products from Fuels and Solvent Use
2.E           Electronics Industry
              (no data available as the category is only used for
              fluorinated gases which are only resolved at the level
              of category 2)
2 F           Product uses as Substitutes for Ozone Depleting Substances
              (no data available as the category is only used for
              fluorinated gases which are only resolved at the level
              of category 2)
2.G           Other Product Manufacture and Use
2.H           Other
M.AG          Agriculture, sum of 3.A and M.AG.ELV
3.A           Livestock
M.AG.ELV      Agriculture excluding Livestock
4             Waste
5             Other
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Table: Category descriptions using IPCC 2006 terminology.

“entity”

Gas categories using global warming potentials (GWP) from either Second Assessment Report (SAR) or Fourth Assessment Report (AR4).

Code                   Description
----                   -----------
CH4                    Methane
CO2                    Carbon Dioxide
N2O                    Nitrous Oxide
HFCS (SARGWP100)       Hydrofluorocarbons (SAR)
HFCS (AR4GWP100)       Hydrofluorocarbons (AR4)
PFCS SARGWP100         Perfluorocarbons (SAR)
PFCS (AR4GWP100)       Perfluorocarbons (AR4)
SF6                    Sulfur Hexafluoride
NF3                    Nitrogen Trifluoride
FGASES SARGWP100       Fluorinated Gases (SAR): HFCs, PFCs, SF$_6$, NF$_3$
FGASES (AR4GWP100)     Fluorinated Gases (AR4): HFCs, PFCs, SF$_6$, NF$_3$
KYOTOGHG SARGWP100     Kyoto greenhouse gases (SAR)
KYOTOGHG (AR4GWP100)   Kyoto greenhouse gases (AR4)

Table: Gas categories and underlying global warming potentials

“unit”

Unit is either <substance> * gigagram / a where substance is the entity or for CO₂ equivalent units CO2 * gigagram / a. The CO₂-equivalent is calculated according to the global warming potential indicated by the entity (see above).

Remaining columns

Years from 1750-2021.

Changelog

For the changelog we refer to the pdf version of the data description available for download here

References

For the full references we refer to the references section and the pdf version of the data description available for download here.