Phoca hispida Schreber, 1775. Die Säugethiere, 2(13):pl. 86 (1775]; text, 3(17):312[1776].

TYPE LOCALITY: "Man fängt ihn auf den Küsten von Grönland und Labrader".

DISTRIBUTION: Arctic Ocean, Okhotsk, Bering, and Baltic Seas; Finland (Saimaa Lake); Russia (Ladoga Lake); Canda (Nettilling Lake, Baffin Isl).

STATUS: IUCN - Endangered as P. h. saimensis.

SYNONYMS: annellata Nilsson, 1820; beaufortiana Anderson, 1943; birulai Smirnov, 1929; botnica Gmelin, 1788; foetida Fabricius, 1776; gichigensis Allen, 1902; krascheninikovi Naumov and Smirnov, 1936; ladogensis Nordquist, 1899; octonata Kutorga, 1839; pomororum Smirnov, 1929; pygmaea Zukowsky, 1914; saimensis Nordquist, 1899; soperi Anderson, 1943.

COMMENTS: Placed in Pusa Scopoli, 1777, followed by Scheffer (1958). Mohr (1952) described successful mating in captivity between Phoca hispida and Halichoerus grypus.